Citation: LU Miao, LIU Jian-Yun, CHENG Jian, WANG Shi-Ping, YANG Jian-Mao. Functionalized Graphene/Activated Carbon Composite Electrodes for Asymmetric Capacitive Deionization[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2014, 30(12): 2263-2271. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201410141 shu

Functionalized Graphene/Activated Carbon Composite Electrodes for Asymmetric Capacitive Deionization

1.
1. State Enviromental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treament and Control in Textile Industry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China;
2. Analysis and Test Center, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China

Received Date: 23 June 2014
Available Online: 14 October 2014
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(21476047, 21105009) (21476047, 21105009) 电分析国家重点实验室课题(SKLEAC201205) (SKLEAC201205)中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232012A3-05)资助 (2232012A3-05)

Aminated graphene (GP-NH₂) was fabricated via the modification of graphite oxide ( ) with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMPTS), and the covalent grafting of the amine functional groups was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The aminated graphene (GP-NH₂)/activated carbon (AC) composite electrode (GP-NH₂/AC) was prepared, using the GP-NH₂ as an additive. An AC||GP-NH₂/AC asymmetric capacitor for capacitor deionization was then assembled using the GP-NH₂/AC electrode as the positive electrode and AC as the negative electrode. A salt removal of 7.63 mg·g^-1 was achieved using the AC||GP-NH₂/AC capacitor, and current efficiency was increased to 77.6%. AGP-SO₃H/AC electrode was then prepared by mixing AC with sulfonated GP. With GP-NH₂/AC as the positive electrode, and GP-SO₃H/AC as the negative electrode, a GP-SO₃H/AC||GP-NH₂/AC asymmetric capacitor was assembled for capacitive deionization. An average desalting rate of 0.99 mg·g^-1·min^-1 was achieved, almost five times higher than that achieved using an AC||AC symmetric capacitor. The chargedischarge rate showed a 30% increase. The existence of the intrinsic charge on the electrode surface greatly inhibited the migration of counter ions, so that the current efficiency was significantly enhanced (to 92.8%) in comparison with the value achieved using an AC||AC capacitor (40%). These results demonstrated that the functionalized graphene in the AC electrode not only enhanced the conductivity, but also controlled the selective adsorption of ions, thereby significantly improving the deionization performance.
- Aminated graphene,
- Sulfonated graphene,
- Asymmetric capacitor,
- Capacitive deionization
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