Citation: ZHOU Ying, WANG Dao-Long, XIAO Nan, HOU Yu-Chen, QIU Jie-Shan. Influence of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Asphaltene-Based B/N Co-Doped Porous Carbons[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2014, 30(6): 1127-1133. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201404013 shu

Influence of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Asphaltene-Based B/N Co-Doped Porous Carbons

1.
Carbon Research Laboratory, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, P. R. China

Received Date: 8 January 2014
Available Online: 1 April 2014
Fund Project:

B/N co-doped porous carbons have been synthesized by heat treatment at different temperatures using asphaltene from coal liquefaction residue as a carbon precursor, nitric acid as a nitrogen source, H₃BO₃ as a boron source and a pore-forming agent. The influence of the heat treatment temperature on the porestructure and surface chemical properties was investigated, and the electrochemical performance in relation to the pore-structure and surface chemical properties was discussed. The crystal structure, morphology, porestructure, composition and electrochemical performance were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption, element analysis, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and an electrochemical workstation. The results of these analyses indicated that the crystal structure, pore-structure and surface properties were influenced significantly by the heat treatment process. Increases in the heat treatment temperature led to improvements in the degree of graphitization, as well as gradual increases in the boron content. In contrast, the nitrogen content decreased and the specific surface area and total pore volume increases gradually and then decline. The electrochemical performance was found to be dependent on the pore-structure and suitable surface chemical properties. The sample synthesized at 900 ℃ had a specific surface area of 1103 m²·g^-1, pore volume of 0.921 cm³·g^-1, nitrogen content of 5.256% (w), boron content of 1.703% (w), and a maximal specific capacitance of 349 F·g^-1 at 100 mA·g^-1 in 6 mol·L^-1 aqueous solution of KOH. The sample subjected to a heat treatment at 1000 ℃ had the best rate capability, with a capacity retention of 75% when the current density increased from 100 mA·g^-1 to 10 A·g^-1.
- Asphaltene from coal liquefaction residue,
- B/N co-doped porous carbon,
- Preparation,
- Heat treatment temperature,
- Electrochemical performance
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142