Citation: LI Wen, REN Ying-Hui, ZHAO Feng-Qi, ZHANG Xian-Bo, MA Hai-Xia, XU Kang-Zhen, WANG Bo-Zhou, YI Jian-Hua, SONG Ji-Rong, HU Rong-Zu. Effects of Lead Complex-Based BTATz on Thermal Behaviors, Non-Isothermal Reaction Kinetics and Combustion Properties of DB/RDX-CMDB Propellants[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2013, 29(10): 2087-2094. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201308301 shu

Effects of Lead Complex-Based BTATz on Thermal Behaviors, Non-Isothermal Reaction Kinetics and Combustion Properties of DB/RDX-CMDB Propellants

1.
1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China;
2 Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China;
3 Conservation Technology Department, The Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, P. R. China

Received Date: 14 June 2013
Available Online: 30 August 2013
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(21101127, 21073141) (21101127, 21073141)中国总装预研基金(9140A28020111BQ3401) (9140A28020111BQ3401)中国总装预研基金(A3120110005)资助项目 (A3120110005)

The composite double base (DB)/hexogen (RDX)-modified double base (CMDB) propellants (Nos. DB001 and CMDB100) were prepared with the lead complex of 3,6-bis(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (LCBTATz), with and without the ballistic modifier. Their thermal behaviors and nonisothermal decomposition reaction kinetics were investigated by thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the LCBTATz-DB propellant, there was one mass loss stage in the TG curve and one exothermic peak in the DSC curve over the temperature range 350-540 K. For LCBTATz-CMDB, there were two continuous exothermic stages in the TG curve, and only one corresponding exothermic peak in the DSC curve over the range 390-540 K. The exothermal decomposition reaction mechanisms of LCBTATz-DB and LCBTATz-CMDB follow the functions f(α)=α^-1/2 and f(α)=2(1-α)^3/2, respectively (α: conversion degree). The self-accelerating decomposition temperatures (T_SADT), thermal ignition temperatures (T_TITT), critical temperatures of thermal explosion (T_b), adiabatic timesto-explosion (t_Tlad), and thermodynamic parameters of activation reaction were calculated, and the thermal safety was evaluated. For DB001, T_SADT=444.50 K, T_TITT=453.96 K, T_b=471.84 K; t_Tlad=39.36 s. For CMDB100, T_SADT=442.38 K, T_TITT=452.89 K,T_b=464.13 K,t_Tlad=21.3 s. As a high-efficiency combustion catalyst, LCBTATz in double-base propellants increases the propulsion rate and reduces the pressure index for larger scale pressures. This makes the DB propellant appear to have a significant super burning effect at 2-8 MPa and a "mesa effect" at 8-12 MPa. Meanwhile, the pressure exponent of the CMDB propellant decreased to 0.18.
- 3,6-Bis(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl-amino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine,
- Lead salt,
- Double-bas propellant,
- Composite modified double base propellant,
- Nonisothermal kinetics,
- Thermal safety,
- Combustion property
1. [1]
  
  (1) Chavez, D.; Hiskey, M.; Darrenl, D. N. Propellants, Explosives Pyrotechnics 2004, 29, 209.
2. [2]
  (2) Hickey, M. A.; Chavez, D. E.; Naud, D. Preparation of 3,3'-Azobis(6-amino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine). US Patent, 6342589, 2002.
3. [3]
  (3) Hickey, M. A.; Chavez, D. E.; Naud, D. 3,6-bis(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine or Salt Thereof. US Patent,6657059, 2003.
4. [4]
  (4) Yue, S. T.; Yang, S. Q. Chin. J. Energy Mater. 2004, 12, 155.[岳守体, 阳世清.含能材料, 2004, 12, 155.]
5. [5]
  (5) Wang, B. Z.; Lai, W. P.; Liu, Q.; Lian, P.; Xue, Y. Q. Chin. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 28, 422. [王伯周,来蔚鹏,刘愆,廉鹏,薛永强. 有机化学, 2008, 28, 422.]
6. [6]
  (6) Saikia, A.; Sivabalan, R.; Polke, B. G.; re, G. M.; Singh, A.;Rao, A. S.; Sikder, A. K. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 170, 306. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.095
7. [7]
  (7) Zhang, X. G.; Zhu, H.; Yang, S. Q.; Zhang, W.; Zhao, F. Q.; Liu,Z. R.; Pan, Q. Chin. J. Prop. Technol. 2007, 8, 322. [张兴高,朱慧,阳世清,张炜, 赵凤起,刘子如, 潘清.推进技术, 2007, 8, 322.]
8. [8]
  (8) Son, S. F.; Berghout, H. L.; Bolme, C. A.; Chavez, D. E.; Naud,D.; Hiskey, M. A. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute2000, 28, 919. doi: 10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80298-2
9. [9]
  (9) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Wang, B. Z.; Liu, Q.; Zhou, C.; Hu, R. Z.;Ren, Y. H.; Xu, S. Y.; Xu, K. Z.; Ren, X. N. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 181, 432. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.029
10. [10]
  (10) Hickey, M. A.; Chavez, D. E.; Naud, D. Low-SmokePyrotechnic Compositions. US Patent, 6312537, 2001.
11. [11]
  (11) Li, S. W.; Zhao, F. Q.; Yuan, C.; Luo, Y.; Gao, Y. Chin. J. Solid Rocket Tech. 2002, 25, 36. [李上文, 赵凤起,袁潮,罗阳,高茵.固体火箭技术, 2002, 25, 36.]
12. [12]
  (12) Fan, X. Z.; Li, J. Z.; Zhang, L. Y.; Wang, B. Z.; Liu, X. G. Chin. J. Energ. Mater. 2007, 15, 316. [樊学忠, 李吉祯,张腊莹,王伯周, 刘小刚. 含能材料, 2007, 15, 316.]
13. [13]
  (13) Zhao, F. Q.; Chen, P.; Li, S. W.; Wang, B. C.; Du, H.; Deng, M.Z. Acta Armamentarii. 2004, 25, 30. [赵凤起,陈沛,李上文,王百成,杜恒,邓敏智. 兵工学报, 2004, 25, 30.]
14. [14]
  (14) Deng, M. Z.; Du, H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Luo, Y.; Yuan, C. J. Solid Rocket. Technol. 2003, 26, 53. [邓敏智,杜恒,赵凤起, 罗阳,袁潮.固体火箭技术, 2003, 26, 53.]
15. [15]
  (15) Singh, G.; Felix, P. J. Hazard. Mater. 2002, A90, 1.
16. [16]
  (16) Denisyuk, A. P.; Demidova, L. A. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 2004, 40, 311. doi: 10.1023/B:CESW.0000028944.73795.0e
17. [17]
  (17) Zhu, C. G.;Wang, F. W.; Chu, D. B. Chin. J. Inorg. Chem.2007, 23, 335. [朱传高, 王凤武, 褚道葆. 无机化学学报,2007, 23, 335.]
18. [18]
  (18) Dong, X. F.; Li, Y.; Xiong, X. F.; Cao, R. L. Chin. J. Expl. Prop. 2011, 34, 69. [董秀芳,李煜, 熊贤峰, 曹瑞林.火炸药学报, 2011, 34, 69.]
19. [19]
  (19) Zhao, F. Q.; Gao, H. X.; Luo, Y.; Hu, R. Z.; Pei, C.; Gao, S. L.;Yang, X. W.; Shi, Q. Z. J. Therm. Anal. Cal. 2006, 85, 791.doi: 10.1007/s10973-005-7455-4
20. [20]
  (20) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Xu, S. Y.; Gao, H. X.; Hu, R. Z. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 2008, 24, 1. doi: 10.1016/S1005-9040(08)60001-X
21. [21]
  (21) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Xu, S. Y.; Hang, L. Y.; Gao, H. X.; Hu, R.Z. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 165, 853. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.107
22. [22]
  (22) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Xu, S. Y.; Gao, H. X.; Hu, R. Z.; Hao, H.X.; Pei, Q.; Gao, Y. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2007, 23, 1316. [仪建华, 赵凤起, 徐司雨, 高红旭,胡荣祖, 郝海霞,裴庆,高茵.物理化学学报, 2007, 23, 1316.] doi: 10.1016/S1872-1508(07)60065-5
23. [23]
  (23) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Xu, S.Y.; Zhang, L.Y.; Ren, X. N.; Gao,H. X.; Hu, R. Z. J. Therm. Anal. Cal. 2009, 95, 381.doi: 10.1007/s10973-008-9241-6
24. [24]
  (24) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Ren, Y. H.; Wang, B. Z.; Zhou, C.; Ren,X. N.; Xu, S. Y.; Hao, H. X.; Hu, R. Z. J. Therm. Anal. Cal.2011, 104, 1029. doi: 10.1007/s10973-010-1258-y
25. [25]
  (25) Hu, R. Z.; Gao, S. L.; Zhao, F. Q.; Shi, Q. Z.; Zhang, T. L.;Zhang, J. J. Thermal Analysis Kinetics, 2nd ed.; Science Press:Beijing, 2008; pp 322-334. [胡荣祖, 高胜利,赵凤起, 史启桢, 张同来, 张建军.热分析动力学. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008:322-334.]
26. [26]
  (26) Zhao, F. Q.; Hu, R. Z.; Gao, H. X.; Ma, H. X. Thermochemical Properties, Nonisothermal Decomposition Reaction Kinetics and Quantum Chemical Investigation of 2,6-Diamino-3,5- dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105), New Developments in Hazardous Materials Research; Nova Science Publishers Inc.:NewYork, 2006; Chapter 4.
27. [27]
  (27) Ma, H. X.; Song, J. R.; Zhao, F. Q.; Hu, R. Z.; Xiao, H. M.J. Phys. Chem. A 2007, 111, 8642. doi: 10.1021/jp073092o
28. [28]
  (28) Zhang, T. L.; Hu, R. Z.; Xie, Y.; Li, F. P. Thermochim. Acta1994, 244, 171. doi: 10.1016/0040-6031(94)80216-5
29. [29]
  (29) Smith, L. C. Thermochim. Acta 1975, 13, 1. doi: 10.1016/0040-6031(75)80060-8
30. [30]
  (30) Hu, R. Z.; Zhang, H.; Xia, Z. M.; Guo, P. J.; Gao, S. L.; Shi, Q.Z.; Lu, G. E.; Jiang, J. Y. Chin. J. Energ. Mater. 2003, 11, 130.[胡荣祖,张海,夏志明,郭鹏江,高胜利, 史启祯,路桂娥, 江劲勇.含能材料, 2003, 11, 130.]
31. [31]
  (31) Chen, P.; Zhao, F. Q.; Luo, Y.; Hu, R. Z.; Gao, S. L.; Zheng, Y.M.; Deng, M. Z.; Gao, Y. Chinese Journal of Chemistry2004, 22, 1056.
32. [32]
  (32) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Hong, W. L.; Xu, S. Y.; Hu, R. Z.; Chen,Z. Q.; Zhang, L. Y. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 11, 021.
33. [33]
  (33) Li, Z. L.; Ma, Z. L.; Xiao, Z. L.; Zhang, X. Z. Chin. J. Energ. Mater. 2006, 14, 95. [李志良,马忠亮, 肖忠良,张续柱.含能材料, 2006, 14, 95.]
34. [34]
  (34) Wang, H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Gao, H. X.; Li, S. W.; Hao, H. X. Chin. J. Energ. Mater. 2006, 14, 45. [王晗,赵凤起, 高红旭,李上文,郝海霞.含能材料, 2006, 14, 45.]
35. [35]
  (35) Hong, W. L.; Liu, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Li, Y. M.; Luo, Z. K. Acta Chim. Sin. 2005, 63, 249. [洪伟良, 刘剑洪,赵凤起, 李玉梅,罗仲宽. 化学学报, 2005, 63, 249.]
36. [36]
  (36) Hong, L.W.; Li, L. L.; Zhao, F. Q.; Tian, D. Y.; Liu, J. H.;Zhang, P. X. J. Solid Rocket. Technol. 2007, 30, 135. [洪良伟,李琳琳, 赵凤起,田德余, 刘剑洪,张陪新. 固体火箭, 2007, 30,135.]
37. [37]
  (37) Hong, L. W.; Zhao, F. Q.; Liu, J. H.; Tian, D. Y.; Luo, Z. K.;Chen, P.; Luo, Y. Chin. J. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 20, 996. [洪良伟, 赵凤起,刘剑洪, 田德余,罗仲宽,陈沛,罗阳.无机化学学报, 2004, 20, 996.]
38. [38]
  (38) Yi, J. H.; Zhao, F. Q.; Gao, H. X.; Xu, S. Y.; Wang, M. C.; Hu,R. Z. J. Hazard. Mater. 2008, 153, 261. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.08.064
1. [1]
  Jingzhao Cheng , Shiyu Gao , Bei Cheng , Kai Yang , Wang Wang , Shaowen Cao . 4-氨基-1H-咪唑-5-甲腈修饰供体-受体型氮化碳光催化剂的构建及其高效光催化产氢研究. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2406026-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406026
2. [2]
  Cheng PENG , Jianwei WEI , Yating CHEN , Nan HU , Hui ZENG . First principles investigation about interference effects of electronic and optical properties of inorganic and lead-free perovskite Cs₃Bi₂X₉ (X=Cl, Br, I). Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 555-560. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230282
3. [3]
  Juan WANG , Zhongqiu WANG , Qin SHANG , Guohong WANG , Jinmao LI . NiS and Pt as dual co-catalysts for the enhanced photocatalytic H₂ production activity of BaTiO₃ nanofibers. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1719-1730. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240102
4. [4]
  Tianlong Zhang , Rongling Zhang , Hongsheng Tang , Yan Li , Hua Li . Online Monitoring and Mechanistic Analysis of 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (DAT) Synthesis via Raman Spectroscopy: A Recommendation for a Comprehensive Instrumental Analysis Experiment. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 303-311. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312006
5. [5]
  Xuzhen Wang , Xinkui Wang , Dongxu Tian , Wei Liu . Enhancing the Comprehensive Quality and Innovation Abilities of Graduate Students through a “Student-Centered, Dual Integration and Dual Drive” Teaching Model: A Case Study in the Course of Chemical Reaction Kinetics. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 160-165. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202401074
6. [6]
  Yan Li , Xinze Wang , Xue Yao , Shouyun Yu . Kinetic Resolution Enabled by Photoexcited Chiral Copper Complex-Mediated Alkene E→Z Isomerization: A Comprehensive Chemistry Experiment for Undergraduate Students. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 1-10. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309053
7. [7]
  You Wu , Chang Cheng , Kezhen Qi , Bei Cheng , Jianjun Zhang , Jiaguo Yu , Liuyang Zhang . ZnO/D-A共轭聚合物S型异质结高效光催化产H₂O₂及其电荷转移动力学研究. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2406027-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406027
8. [8]
  Qingqing SHEN , Xiangbowen DU , Kaicheng QIAN , Zhikang JIN , Zheng FANG , Tong WEI , Renhong LI . Self-supporting Cu/α-FeOOH/foam nickel composite catalyst for efficient hydrogen production by coupling methanol oxidation and water electrolysis. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(10): 1953-1964. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240028
9. [9]
  Ruolin CHENG , Haoran WANG , Jing REN , Yingying MA , Huagen LIANG . Efficient photocatalytic CO₂ cycloaddition over W₁₈O₄₉/NH₂-UiO-66 composite catalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 523-532. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230349
10. [10]
  Ming ZHENG , Yixiao ZHANG , Jian YANG , Pengfei GUAN , Xiudong LI . Energy storage and photoluminescence properties of Sm³⁺-doped Ba_0.85Ca_0.15Ti_0.90Zr_0.10O₃ lead-free multifunctional ferroelectric ceramics. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 686-692. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230388
11. [11]
  Hailang JIA , Hongcheng LI , Pengcheng JI , Yang TENG , Mingyun GUAN . Preparation and performance of N-doped carbon nanotubes composite Co₃O₄ as oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 693-700. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230402
12. [12]
  Jiaxin Su , Jiaqi Zhang , Shuming Chai , Yankun Wang , Sibo Wang , Yuanxing Fang . Optimizing Poly(heptazine imide) Photoanodes Using Binary Molten Salt Synthesis for Water Oxidation Reaction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(12): 2408012-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202408012
13. [13]
  Shuang Yang , Qun Wang , Caiqin Miao , Ziqi Geng , Xinran Li , Yang Li , Xiaohong Wu . Ideological and Political Education Design for Research-Oriented Experimental Course of Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production from Water Electrolysis in Aerospace Perspective. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 269-277. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403044
14. [14]
  Yi YANG , Shuang WANG , Wendan WANG , Limiao CHEN . Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction performance of Z-scheme Ag-Cu₂O/BiVO₄ photocatalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(5): 895-906. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230434
15. [15]
  Limei CHEN , Mengfei ZHAO , Lin CHEN , Ding LI , Wei LI , Weiye HAN , Hongbin WANG . Preparation and performance of paraffin/alkali modified diatomite/expanded graphite composite phase change thermal storage material. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 533-543. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230312
16. [16]
  Shule Liu . Application of SPC/E Water Model in Molecular Dynamics Teaching Experiments. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 338-342. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310029
17. [17]
  Yaling Chen . Basic Theory and Competitive Exam Analysis of Dynamic Isotope Effect. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(8): 403-410. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311093
18. [18]
  Wen YANG , Didi WANG , Ziyi HUANG , Yaping ZHOU , Yanyan FENG . La promoted hydrotalcite derived Ni-based catalysts: In situ preparation and CO₂ methanation performance. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 561-570. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230276
19. [19]
  Wenlong LI , Xinyu JIA , Jie LING , Mengdan MA , Anning ZHOU . Photothermal catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation over a Mg-doped In₂O_3-x catalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(5): 919-929. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230421
20. [20]
  Zhuo WANG , Junshan ZHANG , Shaoyan YANG , Lingyan ZHOU , Yedi LI , Yuanpei LAN . Preparation and photocatalytic performance of CeO₂-reduced graphene oxide by thermal decomposition. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1708-1718. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240067

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(548)
Abstract views(1277)
HTML views(11)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142