Citation: WANG Xue-Bao, LI Jin-Qing, LUO Yun-Jun. Effect of Drying Methods on the Structure and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Ammonium Perchlorate/Graphene Composites[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2013, 29(10): 2079-2086. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201305021 shu

Effect of Drying Methods on the Structure and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Ammonium Perchlorate/Graphene Composites

1.
1 School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China;
2 cademy of Ordnance Science, Beijing 100089, P. R. China

Received Date: 4 March 2013
Available Online: 2 May 2013
Fund Project: 北京理工大学基础研究基金(20110942019)资助项目 (20110942019)

Graphene hydrogels were prepared by the sol-gel method, and then used to prepare ammonium perchlorate (AP)/graphene composites by the incorporation of AP. The composites were dried naturally in air, freeze-dried, or dried with supercritical CO₂. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analyses (EA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the structure of the AP/graphene composites dried using different methods. Furthermore, the thermal decomposition behavior of the AP/graphene composites was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). Drying method had an obvious influence on the morphology of the AP/graphene composites; only the AP/graphene composites dried with supercritical CO₂ showed similar three-dimensional networks and porous structure to graphene aerogels. Elemental analyses revealed that the AP contents in the AP/graphene composites prepared by drying naturally, freeze-drying, and supercritical CO₂ drying were 89.97%, 92.41%, and 94.40%, respectively. XRD results showed that AP was dispersed homogeneously on the nanoscale in the AP/graphene composites dried with supercritical CO₂ and the average particle diameter of AP was about 69 nm. DSC and TG-FTIR analyses indicated that graphene could promote the thermal decomposition of AP, particularly for the sample dried with supercritical CO₂. Independent of drying method, the low-temperature decomposition of the as-prepared AP/graphene composites was not observed and the high-temperature decomposition was accelerated. Compared to the other two drying methods, graphene in the AP/graphene composites dried with supercritical CO₂ showed most obvious promoting effects. The high-temperature decomposition temperature of the AP/graphene composites dried with supercritical CO₂ decreased by 83.7 ℃ compared with that of pure AP, and the total heat release reached 2110 J·g^-1. Moreover, graphene also took part in the oxidation reactions with oxidizing products, which was confirmed by the generation of CO₂.
- Drying methods,
- Graphene,
- Ammonium perchlorate,
- Sol-gel method,
- Thermal decomposition
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