Citation: HONG Xiao-Ting, WU Xiao-Hui, MO Ming-Yue, LUO Zhi-Ping, HUI Kwan San, CHEN Hong-Yu, LI Lai-sheng, HUI Kwun Nam, ZHANG Qiu-Yun. Synthesis and Electrochemical Capacitive Performances of Novel Hierarchically Micro-Meso-Structured Porous Carbons Fabricated Using Microporous Rod-Like Hydroxyapatites as a Template[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2013, 29(02): 298-304. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201211213 shu

Synthesis and Electrochemical Capacitive Performances of Novel Hierarchically Micro-Meso-Structured Porous Carbons Fabricated Using Microporous Rod-Like Hydroxyapatites as a Template

1.
1 School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China;
2 Department of Chemistry and Physics, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC 28301, USA;
3 Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China;
4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea

Received Date: 25 September 2012
Available Online: 21 November 2012
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(21203067) (21203067) 广东高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划项目(LYM11052) (LYM11052)香港创新及科技基金(ITS/244/11)资助项目 (ITS/244/11)

Electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are attractive energy storage systems for applications with high power requirements. Porous carbons are the materials that are most frequently used for the electrodes in ECs, because of their large surface area, high conductivity, chemical inertness, low cost, and tunable pore structure. Here, novel hierarchically micro-meso-structured porous carbons were synthesized, using microporous rod-like hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a template and sucrose as a carbon source. The morphology and surface properties of the as-prepared porous carbons were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface analysis. The electrochemical capacitive performances were evaluated in an aqueous solution of 1 mol·L^-1 H₂SO₄ using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and constant current charge/discharge tests. The resultant carbons showed a high surface area of more than 719.7 m²·g^-1, large pore volumes of more than 1.32 cm³·g^-1, and a disordered pore structure composed of randomly distributed micropores, collapsed mesopores, and interweaving rod-like mesopores that took the shape of the template. As the carbonization temperature was increased, the density of micropores and rod-like mesopores decreased, and a tri-modal pore size distribution appeared for the carbon sample carbonized at 900 ° C. Because of these unique characteristics, the electrode material originated from the porous carbon carbonized at 900℃ exhibited od electrochemical capacitive performances.
- Rod-like mesopore,
- Micro-meso porous carbon,
- Hydroxyapatite,
- Electrochemical capacitive performance,
- Template
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