Citation: WANG Yu, JIANG Jun-Cong, ZHU Yue-Xiang, XIE You-Chang. Applications of Monolayer-Dispersed Organic Compounds in the Preparation of Related Materials[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2012, 28(10): 2327-2335. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201207303 shu

Applications of Monolayer-Dispersed Organic Compounds in the Preparation of Related Materials

1.
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China

Received Date: 28 June 2012
Available Online: 30 July 2012
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(20773004) (20773004)国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973) (2011CB808702)资助 (973) (2011CB808702)

Many organic compounds will spontaneously disperse on the surface of a solid support to form monolayers, in a manner similar to that of inorganic salts and oxides, and numerous materials with useful properties can be designed and prepared based on this phenomenon. The dispersion behavior and orientation of organic compounds in monolayers depend not only on the molecular structure of organic compounds but also on the surface features and pore structure of the support. This short review summarizes the applications of monolayer-dispersed organic compounds in the preparation and texture control of related materials, including carbon/oxide composites, various other oxides, and mesoporous carbon with thin pore walls. Pyrolysis of organic monolayers can be used to prepare carbon/oxide composites with a uniformly thin carbon layer for use as photocatalysts, catalyst supports, and adsorbents for dyes. During the sol-gel preparation of porous oxides, organic monolayers can also prevent the aggregation of sol particles, thus producing oxides with high specific surface areas and adjustable pore volumes; γ-Al₂O₃ with a specific surface area as high as 506 m²·g^-1 can be prepared in this manner. During calcining under an inert atmosphere, the carbon layer in the aforementioned carbon/oxide composites can significantly inhibit the phase transformation of oxides. Calcining carbon/γ-Al₂O₃ in oxygen at high temperatures, however, results in a rapid γ to α phase transformation. The oxides in these composites can also act as templates for the preparation of carbon materials. Dissolving the support oxides is a convenient method for the preparation of mesoporous carbon materials with high specific surface areas, large pore volumes, high mesopore ratios, and thin pore walls. The morphology and size distribution of pores in these carbon materials can be controlled by choosing oxides with different textures.
- Monolayer dispersion,
- Material preparation,
- Carbon/oxide composites,
- High-surface -area oxides,
- Phase transformation inhibition,
- Mesoporous carbon materials
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