对化学键理解的两个层级：以超价分子的化学键模型为例

引用本文: 李蕊, 张嘉宇, 李安阳. 对化学键理解的两个层级：以超价分子的化学键模型为例[J]. 大学化学, 2024, 39(2): 392-398. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308051 shu

Citation: Rui Li, Jiayu Zhang, Anyang Li. Two Levels of Understanding of Chemical Bonds: a Case of the Bonding Model of Hypervalent Molecules[J]. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(2): 392-398. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308051 shu

对化学键理解的两个层级：以超价分子的化学键模型为例

西北大学化学与材料科学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(西北大学), 西安 710127

通讯作者: 李安阳,Email:liay@nwu.edu.cn

基金项目:
教育部2022年度基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0研究课题(20222159)

摘要: 化学键是整个化学领域的核心概念之一，但必须清楚的是，化学键是人为抽象出来的概念，而不是物理现实。为正确描述化学键，历史上各种化学键模型或者理论被提出，其中基于经验规则的电子对成键模型和杂化轨道理论目前最广为接受。然而，经验规则毕竟有其适用范围，譬如对于超价分子的解释就存在不合理之处。我们建议在教学中以超价分子为例，对低年级学生明确指出经验规则在化学成键描述中的不足，高年级时运用分子轨道理论或现代价键理论开展成键分析的专题讨论。期望学生在掌握化学键概念的同时，对分子成键行为的见解持开放态度，培养其科学求知的精神。

关键词:

English

Two Levels of Understanding of Chemical Bonds: a Case of the Bonding Model of Hypervalent Molecules

National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education(Northwest University), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China

Corresponding author: Anyang Li, liay@nwu.edu.cn

Received Date: 10 August 2023

Abstract: Chemical bonding is one of the core concepts in the whole field of chemistry and provides a very effective way of communication. It must be clear that chemical bonds are not real, they are artificially abstracted concepts. To accurately describe chemical bonding, various models or theories have been proposed throughout history. The most widely used models are the electron-pair bonding model and hybrid orbital theory. However, the rules of thumb have their limitations, as evident in the explanation of hypervalent molecules. We suggest that in teaching, hypervalent molecules should be used as examples to explicitly point out the shortcomings of empirical rules in describing chemical bonding to younger students. In another hand, molecular orbital theory or modern valence bond theory can be used on bonding analysis for senior students. It is expected that students maintain an open-minded attitude towards the behavior of chemical bonding and cultivate spirit of scientific inquiry.

Key words:

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

对化学键理解的两个层级：以超价分子的化学键模型为例

通讯作者: 李安阳,Email:liay@nwu.edu.cn

English

Two Levels of Understanding of Chemical Bonds: a Case of the Bonding Model of Hypervalent Molecules

Corresponding author: Anyang Li, liay@nwu.edu.cn

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

对化学键理解的两个层级：以超价分子的化学键模型为例

通讯作者: 李安阳,Email:liay@nwu.edu.cn

English

Two Levels of Understanding of Chemical Bonds: a Case of the Bonding Model of Hypervalent Molecules

Corresponding author: Anyang Li, liay@nwu.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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