Citation: Huizhen Li, Yunhui Li, Huifen Zhuang, Liting Chen, Yingmin Liang, Siyuan Yi. 老反应、新认识：不容小觑的乙硼烷与氨的反应[J]. University Chemistry, ;2021, 36(8): 201201. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202012019 shu

老反应、新认识：不容小觑的乙硼烷与氨的反应

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Corresponding author: Huizhen Li, lihz@gzhu.edu.cn
Received Date: 11 December 2020

看似简单实际却很复杂的乙硼烷（B₂H₆，diborane）与氨（NH₃）的反应已经困扰了硼化学家数十年。该反应在不同实验条件下可生成硼氢化二氢二氨合硼（III）（[NH₃BH₂NH₃]BH₄，diammoniate of diborane，DADB），氨硼烷（NH₃·BH₃，ammonia borane，AB），氨基乙硼烷（NH₂B₂H₅，aminodiborane，ADB）等化合物。从1923年起，化学家们对影响乙硼烷与路易斯碱反应的因素，如立体效应、诱导效应、溶剂效应、介电常数等进行研究，但一直无法根据上述影响因素准确预测产物。基于乙硼烷在THF中以THF·BH₃存在、路易斯碱与乙硼烷或THF·BH₃反应产物相同等实验事实，化学家们巧妙利用NH₃与THF·BH₃的反应，在温和的条件下研究了DADB、AB的生成机理，发现双氢键是控制反应的重要因素。利用AB与THF·BH₃的反应，实验和理论计算结果进一步揭示了基于双氢键的ADB的复杂形成机理。
- Boron-nitrogen-hydrogen compound,
- Diborane,
- Diammoniate of diborane,
- Ammonia borane,
- Aminodiborane,
- Dihydrogen bond,
- Lewis base
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