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Citation: Ying Sun, Shuyong Zhang. 平衡近似和稳态近似使用条件浅析[J]. University Chemistry, ;2021, 36(2): 200207. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202002076 shu

平衡近似和稳态近似使用条件浅析

Ying Sun ,
Shuyong Zhang ^,

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding author: Shuyong Zhang, syzhang@sdu.edu.cn
Received Date: 27 February 2020

对化学动力学中经常使用的平衡近似和稳态近似的使用条件进行了讨论。从对峙反应达到和维持平衡的角度，给出了平衡近似使用的条件，指出了原条件的不足之处。对于连续反应，采用定义无量纲量和作图的方法，进一步明确了采用稳态近似的条件是中间体消耗速率常数（k₂）比生成速率常数（k₁）大100倍，即k₂>100k₁。此时采用稳态近似处理的误差小于1%。
- Approximation treatment,
- Pre-equilibrium approximation,
- Steady-state approximation,
- Consecutive reaction,
- Graphic method
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