引用本文:
贾瑾, 蒋尚达. 原子结构中的z轴是特殊轴吗？[J]. 大学化学,
2024, 39(6): 400-404.
doi:
10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403091
Citation: Jin Jia, Shangda Jiang. Is the z Axis Special in Atomic Structure?[J]. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 400-404. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403091
Citation: Jin Jia, Shangda Jiang. Is the z Axis Special in Atomic Structure?[J]. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 400-404. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403091
原子结构中的z轴是特殊轴吗？
English
Is the z Axis Special in Atomic Structure?
Abstract:
This paper introduces fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics, including quantum state space, basis functions, and unitary transformations, to explain why the z axis appears special in atomic structure. It clarifies that in a spherically symmetric atomic structure, no direction is inherently special. The perceived special nature of the z axis primarily arises from the choice of specific basis functions used to describe the electron motion in the atom.
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Key words:
- Atomic structure
- / Spherical harmonics
- / Tesseral harmonics
- / Angular momentum components
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[1]
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Whittaker, E.T.; Watson, G.N. ACourse in Modern Analysis, 4th ed.; Cambridge University Press:Cambridge,UK, 1990.Whittaker, E.T.; Watson, G.N. ACourse in Modern Analysis, 4th ed.; Cambridge University Press:Cambridge,UK, 1990.
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[3]
徐光宪,黎乐民,王德民.量子化学--基本原理和从头计算法(上册).第2版.北京:科学出版社, 2007.
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