Abstract: University laboratories serve as crucial platforms for experimental teaching, scientific research, and practical education, tasked with the dual responsibilities of talent cultivation and contributing to national advancements in science and technology. The complexities, unique characteristics, and inherent risks of experimental environments, particularly regarding the use of hazardous chemicals, have emerged as significant contributors to experimental safety incidents and pose major hidden dangers. Consequently, the management and safety of laboratory environments have become central to university safety initiatives. This article examines the safety management and practical application of hazardous chemicals in universities, emphasizing the cultivation of applied talents in experimental safety disciplines, while taking into account the specific contexts of schools and colleges. It explores three key areas: the establishment of a hazardous chemical safety management system, optimization of safety prevention mechanisms, and the exploration of talent cultivation models that integrate industry and education. The study presents a comprehensive strategy for hazardous chemical management that encompasses safety education, a responsibility framework, an information resource library and management platform, as well as protocols for storage, usage, and emergency response. Additionally, through collaboration with enterprises in school-enterprise partnerships and practical training, we propose an educational model designed to enhance students’ practical innovation capabilities and foster the development of applied professionals in chemistry and chemical engineering. This research aims to provide insights for the reform of hazardous chemical safety management and the cultivation of innovative talent in university laboratories.