摘要: In the future, the nanoconfined water monolayer concept may also work for the aligning assembly of heterostructures of other types of 2D materials. Indeed, the confinement engineering has provided a universal guideline for designing catalysts, membranes and chemical reactions. First, the synergy of chemical and spatial confinement elevated the secondary battery performances by innovative microstructures and properties. Second, the confinement effect may enhance the supercapacitor performances by the load of redox-active nanowires between MXene nanosheets. Third, the Marangoni effect results in the confinement of carbon nanotubes at MXene interfaces, which compose a fast-response humidity sensor. More interesting behaviors could be expected after improving the in-plane alignment of the heterostructures of 2D materials, which may exhibit enhanced magnetic and half-metallic properties as well as enhanced proton and spin-transport performances.