Citation: Yuyang Zhou, Ziwang Mao, Jing-Juan Xu. Recent advances in near infrared (NIR) electrochemiluminescence luminophores[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2024, 35(11): 109622. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109622 shu

Recent advances in near infrared (NIR) electrochemiluminescence luminophores

Yuyang Zhou ^{a, b, *,} ,
Ziwang Mao ^b ,
Jing-Juan Xu ^{a, *,}

a.
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
b.
School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China

zhouyuyang@mail.usts.edu.cn

xujj@nju.edu.cn

Received Date: 1 September 2023
Revised Date: 15 January 2024
Accepted Date: 8 February 2024
Available Online: 14 February 2024

Figures(6)

Electrochemiluminescence has been developed as a robust analytical technique owing to its intrinsic advantages, such as near-zero background signal noise, wide dynamic ranges, high sensitivity and low cost and simple equipment. ECL luminophore as the critical component to generate light signals plays significant roles in this robust analytical system. Compared with traditional ECL luminophores, near infrared (NIR) ECL luminophores have attracted significant attentions recently due to their negligible autofluorescence, lower background interference and deep tissue penetration. Although substantial progresses have been achieved in exploring novel NIR ECL luminophores and elucidating their roles in addressing diverse challenges, there is still scarce of comprehensive reviews on the development of NIR ECL luminophores so far. In this review, the recent advancements on NIR ECL materials, including inorganic metal complexes, organic small molecules, metal nanoclusters, quantum dots and lanthanide-based materials, have been thoroughly summarized and discussed. In addition, we also provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and prospects that lie ahead for the future development of NIR ECL luminophores in the future.
- Electrochemiluminescence,
- NIR,
- Luminophore,
- Nanocluster,
- Metal complex
1. [1]
  S.K. Lee, M.M. Richter, L. Strekowski, et al., Anal. Chem. 69 (1997) 4126–4133. doi: 10.1021/ac9704570
2. [2]
  A.M. Spehar-Deleze, Y. Pellegrin, T.E. Keyes, et al., Electrochem. commun. 10 (2008) 984–986. doi: 10.1016/j.elecom.2008.03.001
3. [3]
  L. Sun, L. Bao, B.R. Hyun, et al., Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 789–793. doi: 10.1021/nl803459b
4. [4]
  K.N. Swanick, M. Hesari, M.S. Workentin, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 (2012) 15205–15208. doi: 10.1021/ja306047u
5. [5]
  L. Zhao, X. Song, X. Ren, et al., Anal. Chem. 93 (2021) 8613–8621. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01531
6. [6]
  J. Wang, H. Han, Rev. Anal. Chem. 32 (2013) 91–101.
7. [7]
  N.E. Tokel, A.J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94 (1972) 2862–2863. doi: 10.1021/ja00763a056
8. [8]
  D.R. Deaver, Nature 377 (1995) 758–760. doi: 10.1038/377758a0
9. [9]
  A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, et al., Coord. Chem. Rev. 84 (1988) 85–277. doi: 10.1016/0010-8545(88)80032-8
10. [10]
  A.M. Spehar-Deleze, Y. Lu, T. Keyes, et al., ECS Trans. 16 (2009) 69.
11. [11]
  J.W. Wu, W.J. Mei, Z.H. Yan, et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 697 (2013) 21–27. doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.03.013
12. [12]
  L. D'Alton, P. Nguyen, S. Carrara, et al., Electrochim. Acta 379 (2021) 138117. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138117
13. [13]
  M. Majuran, G. Armendariz-Vidales, S. Carrara, et al., ChemPlusChem 85 (2020) 346–352. doi: 10.1002/cplu.201900637
14. [14]
  Y.Y. Zhou, Y.M. Ding, W. Zhao, et al., Chem. Commun. 57 (2021) 1254–1257. doi: 10.1039/D0CC07595G
15. [15]
  S. Kwon Lee, A.J. Bard, Anal. Lett. 31 (1998) 2209–2229. doi: 10.1080/00032719808005297
16. [16]
  H. Qi, J.J. Teesdale, R.C. Pupillo, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (2013) 13558–13566. doi: 10.1021/ja406731f
17. [17]
  M. Hesari, J.S. Lu, S. Wang, et al., Chem. Commun. 51 (2015) 1081–1084. doi: 10.1039/C4CC08671F
18. [18]
  R. Ishimatsu, H. Shintaku, Y. Kage, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 141 (2019) 11791–11795. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b05245
19. [19]
  R.R. Maar, R. Zhang, D.G. Stephens, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 58 (2019) 1052–1056. doi: 10.1002/anie.201811144
20. [20]
  M.E. Williams, R.W. Murray, Chem. Mater. 10 (1998) 3603–3610. doi: 10.1021/cm980366z
21. [21]
  Y. Song, W. Zhang, S. He, et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019) 33676–33683. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b11416
22. [22]
  W. Zhang, Y. Song, S. He, et al., Nanoscale 11 (2019) 20910–20916. doi: 10.1039/C9NR06812K
23. [23]
  Y. Wang, Y. Li, W. Zhang, et al., Analyst 146 (2021) 3679–3685. doi: 10.1039/D1AN00410G
24. [24]
  J. Bosson, G.M. Labrador, S. Pascal, et al., Chem. Eur. J. 22 (2016) 18394– 18403. doi: 10.1002/chem.201603591
25. [25]
  H. Li, A. Wallabregue, C. Adam, et al., J. Phys. Chem. C 121 (2017) 785–792. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11831
26. [26]
  S. Voci, R. Duwald, S. Grass, et al., Chem. Sci. 11 (2020) 4508–4515. doi: 10.1039/D0SC00853B
27. [27]
  H. Li, R. Duwald, S. Pascal, et al., Chem. Commun. 56 (2020) 9771–9774. doi: 10.1039/D0CC04156D
28. [28]
  R. Jin, C. Zeng, M. Zhou, et al., Chem. Rev. 116 (2016) 10346–10413. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00703
29. [29]
  M. Hesari, M.S. Workentin, Z. Ding, Chem. Sci. 5 (2014) 3814–3822. doi: 10.1039/C4SC01086H
30. [30]
  M. Hesari, M.S. Workentin, Z. Ding, Chem. Eur. J. 20 (2014) 15116–15121. doi: 10.1002/chem.201404870
31. [31]
  M. Hesari, Z. Ding, M.S. Workentin, Organometallics 33 (2014) 4888–4892. doi: 10.1021/om500112j
32. [32]
  M. Hesari, M.S. Workentin, Z. Ding, ACS Nano 8 (2014) 8543–8553. doi: 10.1021/nn503176g
33. [33]
  M. Hesari, Z. Ding, Acc. Chem. Res. 50 (2017) 218–230. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00441
34. [34]
  H. Peng, M. Jian, H. Deng, et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9 (2017) 14929–14934. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b02446
35. [35]
  T. Wang, D. Wang, J.W. Padelford, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138 (2016) 6380–6383. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03037
36. [36]
  J.M. Kim, S. Jeong, J.K. Song, et al., Chem. Commun. 54 (2018) 2838–2841. doi: 10.1039/C7CC09394B
37. [37]
  H. Peng, Z. Huang, Y. Sheng, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 58 (2019) 11691–11694. doi: 10.1002/anie.201905007
38. [38]
  L. Yu, Q. Zhang, Q. Kang, et al., Anal. Chem. 92 (2020) 7581–7587. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00125
39. [39]
  H. Jia, S. Yu, L. Yang, et al., ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 4 (2021) 2657–2663. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.0c03284
40. [40]
  H. Peng, M. Lai, H. Wang, et al., Anal. Chem. 95 (2023) 11106–11112. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01945
41. [41]
  Y. Nie, Y. Zhang, W. Cao, et al., Anal. Chem. 95 (2023) 6785–6790. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04939
42. [42]
  Y. Zhou, S. Chen, X. Luo, et al., Anal. Chem. 90 (2018) 10024–10030. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02642
43. [43]
  Y. Jia, L. Yang, J. Xue, et al., ACS Sens 4 (2019) 1909–1916. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00870
44. [44]
  H. Jia, J. Li, L. Yang, et al., Anal. Chem. 94 (2022) 7132–7139. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01162
45. [45]
  L. Yu, M. Li, Q. Kang, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 176 (2021) 112934. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112934
46. [46]
  H. Lv, R. Zhang, S. Cong, et al., Anal. Chem. 94 (2022) 4538–4546. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00475
47. [47]
  J. Liu, R. Zhao, X. Wang, et al., Chem. Commun. 56 (2020) 5665–5668. doi: 10.1039/D0CC02047H
48. [48]
  S. Chen, H. Ma, J.W. Padelford, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 141 (2019) 9603–9609. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b02547
49. [49]
  L. Fu, X. Gao, S. Dong, et al., Anal. Chem. 93 (2021) 4909–4915. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05187
50. [50]
  H. Jia, L. Yang, D. Fan, et al., Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 367 (2022) 132034. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.132034
51. [51]
  L.L. Chen, L. Zhao, Z.G. Wang, et al., Small 18 (2022) e2104567. doi: 10.1002/smll.202104567
52. [52]
  J. Yao, L. Li, P. Li, et al., Nanoscale 9 (2017) 13364–13383. doi: 10.1039/C7NR05233B
53. [53]
  N. Pradhan, S. Das Adhikari, A. Nag, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 56 (2017) 7038–7054. doi: 10.1002/anie.201611526
54. [54]
  Z. Ding, B.M. Quinn, S.K. Haram, et al., Science 296 (2002) 1293–1297. doi: 10.1126/science.1069336
55. [55]
  C. Ding, Y. Huang, Z. Shen, et al., Adv. Mater. 33 (2021) e2007768. doi: 10.1002/adma.202007768
56. [56]
  S. Xu, J. Cui, L. Wang, Trends Analyt. Chem. 80 (2016) 149–155. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.07.017
57. [57]
  J. Wang, X. Jiang, H. Han, et al., Electrochem. Commun. 13 (2011) 359–362. doi: 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.01.024
58. [58]
  J. Wang, H. Han, X. Jiang, et al., Anal. Chem. 84 (2012) 4893–4899. doi: 10.1021/ac300498v
59. [59]
  G.Z. Zou, G.D. Liang, X.L. Zhang, Chem. Commun. 47 (2011) 10115–10117. doi: 10.1039/c1cc13168k
60. [60]
  G. Liang, L. Shen, G. Zou, et al., Chem. Eur. J. 17 (2011) 10213–10215. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101154
61. [61]
  G. Liang, S. Liu, G. Zou, et al., Anal. Chem. 84 (2012) 10645–10649. doi: 10.1021/ac302236a
62. [62]
  G. Zou, X. Tan, X. Long, et al., Anal. Chem. 89 (2017) 13024–13029. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04188
63. [63]
  J. Zhou, L. Nie, B. Zhang, et al., Anal. Chem. 90 (2018) 12361–12365. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04424
64. [64]
  X. Gao, K. Fu, L. Fu, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 150 (2020) 111880. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111880
65. [65]
  G.X. Liang, L.L. Li, H.Y. Liu, et al., Chem. Commun. 46 (2010) 2974–2976. doi: 10.1039/c000564a
66. [66]
  A.J. Stewart, E.J. O'Reilly, R.D. Moriarty, et al., Electrochim. Acta 157 (2015) 8–14. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.073
67. [67]
  J. Wang, X. Jiang, Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 207 (2015) 552–555. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2014.10.112
68. [68]
  J. Wang, X. Jiang, H. Han, Biosens. Bioelectron. 82 (2016) 26–31. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.057
69. [69]
  X. Long, X. Tan, Y. He, et al., J. Mater. Chem. C 5 (2017) 12393–12399. doi: 10.1039/C7TC04651K
70. [70]
  L. Fu, K. Fu, X. Gao, et al., Anal. Chem. 93 (2021) 2160–2165. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03975
71. [71]
  Y.T. Yang, Y.Z. Guo, Z.C. Shen, et al., Anal. Chem. 95 (2023) 9314–9322. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01346
72. [72]
  J.L. Liu, J.Q. Zhang, Z.L. Tang, et al., Chem. Sci. 10 (2019) 4497–4501. doi: 10.1039/C9SC00084D
73. [73]
  J. Huan, Q. Liu, A. Fei, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 73 (2015) 221–227. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.004
74. [74]
  H. Gao, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 886 (2021) 115104. doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115104
75. [75]
  D. Jiang, M. Wei, X. Du, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 200 (2022) 113917. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113917
76. [76]
  M. Wei, X. Du, D. Jiang, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 236 (2023) 115420. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115420
77. [77]
  Z. Zhang, D. Jiang, Q. Song, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 238 (2023) 115551. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115551
78. [78]
  L. Yang, C.R. De-Jager, J.R. Adsetts, et al., Anal. Chem. 93 (2021) 12409–12416. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02441
79. [79]
  Y. Wang, G. Zhao, H. Chi, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143 (2021) 504–512. doi: 10.1021/jacs.0c12449
80. [80]
  S.Y. Ji, J.B. Pan, H.Z. Wang, et al., CCS Chem. 4 (2021) 3076–3083.
81. [81]
  L. Zhao, X. Song, X. Ren, et al., Biosens. Bioelectron. 191 (2021) 113409. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113409
82. [82]
  L. Zhao, M. Wang, X. Song, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 434 (2022) 134691. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.134691
83. [83]
  L. Zhao, X. Song, H. Wang, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 446 (2022) 136912. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.136912
84. [84]
  W. Guo, H. Ding, C. Gu, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 (2018) 15904–15915. doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b09422
85. [85]
  Y. Zhou, Y. Ding, J. Dong, et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 895 (2021) 115534. doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115534
1. [1]
  Panpan Wang , Hongbao Fang , Mengmeng Wang , Guandong Zhang , Na Xu , Yan Su , Hongke Liu , Zhi Su . A mitochondria targeting Ir(III) complex triggers ferroptosis and autophagy for cancer therapy: A case of aggregation enhanced PDT strategy for metal complexes. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 110099-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110099
2. [2]
  Rakesh Kumar Gupta , Zhi Wang , Di Sun . Shining bright: Revolutionary near-unity NIR phosphorescent metal nanoclusters. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(11): 100417-100417. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100417
3. [3]
  Fei Yin , Erli Yang , Xue Ge , Qian Sun , Fan Mo , Guoqiu Wu , Yanfei Shen . Coupling WO₃₋_x dots-encapsulated metal-organic frameworks and template-free branched polymerization for dual signal-amplified electrochemiluminescence biosensing. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108753-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108753
4. [4]
  Xian Yan , Huawei Xie , Gao Wu , Fang-Xing Xiao . Boosted solar water oxidation steered by atomically precise alloy nanocluster. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 110279-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110279
5. [5]
  Miao-Miao Chen , Min-Ling Zhang , Xiao Song , Jun Jiang , Xiaoqian Tang , Qi Zhang , Xiuhua Zhang , Peiwu Li . Smartphone-assisted electrochemiluminescence imaging test strips towards dual-signal visualized and sensitive monitoring of aflatoxin B1 in corn samples. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109785-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109785
6. [6]
  Wenjuan Jin , Zelong Chen , Yi Wang , Jiaxuan Li , Jiahui Li , Yuxin Pei , Zhichao Pei . Nano metal-photosensitizer based on Aza-BODIPY-Cu complex for CDT-enhanced dual phototherapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109328-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109328
7. [7]
  Guoju Guo , Xufeng Li , Jie Ma , Yongjia Shi , Jian Lv , Daoshan Yang . Photocatalyst/metal-free sequential C–N/C–S bond formation: Synthesis of S-arylisothioureas via photoinduced EDA complex activation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 110024-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110024
8. [8]
  Hui-Juan Wang , Wen-Wen Xing , Zhen-Hai Yu , Yong-Xue Li , Heng-Yi Zhang , Qilin Yu , Hongjie Zhu , Yao-Yao Wang , Yu Liu . Cucurbit[7]uril confined phenothiazine bridged bis(bromophenyl pyridine) activated NIR luminescence for lysosome imaging. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(6): 109183-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109183
9. [9]
  Ji Liu , Dongsheng He , Tianjiao Hao , Yumin Hu , Yan Zhao , Zhen Li , Chang Liu , Daquan Chen , Qiyue Wang , Xiaofei Xin , Yan Shen . Gold mineralized "hybrid nanozyme bomb" for NIR-II triggered tumor effective permeation and cocktail therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109296-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109296
10. [10]
  Biao Huang , Tao Tang , Fushou Liu , Shi-Hui Chen , Zhi-Ling Zhang , Mingxi Zhang , Ran Cui . Quantum dots boost large-view NIR-Ⅱ imaging with high fidelity for fluorescence-guided tumor surgery. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109694-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109694
11. [11]
  Lulu Cao , Yikun Li , Dongxiang Zhang , Shuai Yue , Rong Shang , Xin-Dong Jiang , Jianjun Du . Engineering aggregates of julolidine-substituted aza-BODIPY nanoparticles for NIR-II photothermal therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109735-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109735
12. [12]
  Xiaoshuai Wu , Bailei Wang , Yichen Li , Xiaoxuan Guan , Mingjing Yin , Wenquan Lv , Yin Chen , Fei Lu , Tao Qin , Huyang Gao , Weiqian Jin , Yifu Huang , Cuiping Li , Ming Gao , Junyu Lu . NIR driven catalytic enhanced acute lung injury therapy by using polydopamine@Co nanozyme via scavenging ROS. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 110211-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110211
13. [13]
  Du Liu , Yuyan Li , Hankun Zhang , Benhua Wang , Chaoyi Yao , Minhuan Lan , Zhanhong Yang , Xiangzhi Song . Three-in-one erlotinib-modified NIR photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging and synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 109910-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109910
14. [14]
  Songtao Cai , Liuying Wu , Yuan Li , Soham Samanta , Jinying Wang , Bing Liu , Feihu Wu , Kaitao Lai , Yingchao Liu , Junle Qu , Zhigang Yang . Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding as a robust tool toward significantly improving the photothermal conversion efficiency of a NIR-II squaraine dye. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108599-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108599
15. [15]
  Jianqiu Li , Yi Zhang , Songen Liu , Jie Niu , Rong Zhang , Yong Chen , Yu Liu . Cucurbit[8]uril-based non-covalent heterodimer realized NIR cell imaging through topological transformation from nanowire to nanorod. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109645-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109645
16. [16]
  Jieqiong Xu , Wenbin Chen , Shengkai Li , Qian Chen , Tao Wang , Yadong Shi , Shengyong Deng , Mingde Li , Peifa Wei , Zhuo Chen . Organic stoichiometric cocrystals with a subtle balance of charge-transfer degree and molecular stacking towards high-efficiency NIR photothermal conversion. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109808-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109808
17. [17]
  Zhaorui Song , Qiulian Hao , Bing Li , Yuwei Yuan , Shanshan Zhang , Yongkuan Suo , Hai-Hao Han , Zhen Cheng . NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence lateral flow immunosensor based on efficient energy transfer probe for point-of-care testing of tumor biomarkers. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109834-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109834
18. [18]
  Shangqian Zhang , Jiaxuan Li , Xuan Hu , Zelong Chen , Junliang Dong , Chenhao Hu , Shuang Chao , Yinghua Lv , Yuxin Pei , Zhichao Pei . H₂S and NIR light-driven nanomotors induce disulfidptosis for targeted anticancer therapy by enhancing disruption of tumor metabolic symbiosis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 110314-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110314
19. [19]
  Fuzheng Zhang , Chao Shi , Jiale Li , Fulin Jia , Xinyu Liu , Feiyang Li , Xinyu Bai , Qiuxia Li , Aihua Yuan , Guohua Xie . B-embedded narrowband pure near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescent iridium(Ⅲ) complexes and solution-processed OLED application. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109596-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109596
20. [20]
  Chao Ma , Cong Lin , Jian Li . MicroED as a powerful technique for the structure determination of complex porous materials. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(3): 100209-100209. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100209

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(1)
Abstract views(177)
HTML views(12)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142