Citation: Ting Shi, Ziyang Song, Yaokang Lv, Dazhang Zhu, Ling Miao, Lihua Gan, Mingxian Liu. Hierarchical porous carbon guided by constructing organic-inorganic interpenetrating polymer networks to facilitate performance of zinc hybrid supercapacitors[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2025, 36(1): 109559. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109559 shu

Hierarchical porous carbon guided by constructing organic-inorganic interpenetrating polymer networks to facilitate performance of zinc hybrid supercapacitors

Ting Shi ^a ,
Ziyang Song ^a ,
Yaokang Lv ^b ,
Dazhang Zhu ^a ,
Ling Miao ^{a, *,} ,
Lihua Gan ^{a, *,} ,
Mingxian Liu ^{a, *,}

a.
Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
b.
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China

22169@tongji.edu.cn

ganlh@tongji.edu.cn

liumx@tongji.edu.cn

Received Date: 1 December 2023
Revised Date: 8 January 2024
Accepted Date: 23 January 2024
Available Online: 27 January 2024

Figures(4)

Customized design of well-defined cathode structures with abundant adsorption sites and rapid diffusion dynamics, holds great promise in filling capacity gap of carbonaceous cathodes towards high-performance Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHC). Herein, we fabricate a series of dynamics-oriented hierarchical porous carbons derived from the unique organic-inorganic interpenetrating polymer networks. The interpenetrating polymer networks are obtained through physically knitting polyferric chloride (PFC) network into the highly crosslinked resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) network. Instead of covalent bonding, physical interpenetrating force in such RF-PFC networks efficiently relieves the RF skeleton shrinkage upon pyrolysis. Meanwhile, the in-situ PFC network sacrifices as a structure-directing agent to suppress the macrophase separation, and correspondingly 3D hierarchical porous structure with plentiful ion-diffusion channels (pore volume of 1.35 cm³/g) is generated in the representative HPC₄ via nanospace occupation and swelling effect. Further removal of Fe fillers leaves behind a large accessible specific surface area of 1550 m²/g for enhanced Zn-ion adsorption. When used as the cathode for ZHC, HPC₄ demonstrates a remarkable electrochemical performance with a specific capacity of 215.1 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g and a high Zn²⁺ ion diffusion coefficient of 11.1 × 10⁻¹⁸ cm²/s. The ZHC device yields 117.0 Wh/kg energy output at a power density of 272.1 W/kg, coupled with good cycle lifespan (100,000 cycles@10 A/g). This work inspires innovative insights to accelerate Zn diffusion dynamics by structure elaboration towards high-capacity cathode materials.
- Carbonaceous cathode,
- Interpenetrating polymer networks,
- Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors,
- Specific capacity,
- Energy/power density
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