Citation: Hongjie Guo, Qiang Wei, Yangyang Wu, Wei Qiu, Hongliang Li, Changyong Zhang. Enhanced nitrate removal from groundwater using a conductive spacer in flow-electrode capacitive deionization[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2024, 35(8): 109325. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109325 shu

Enhanced nitrate removal from groundwater using a conductive spacer in flow-electrode capacitive deionization

Hongjie Guo ^{a, b} ,
Qiang Wei ^b ,
Yangyang Wu ^b ,
Wei Qiu ^c ,
Hongliang Li ^a ,
Changyong Zhang ^{b, *,}

a.
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
b.
CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
c.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

changyongzhang@ustc.edu.cn

Received Date: 17 August 2023
Revised Date: 16 November 2023
Accepted Date: 17 November 2023
Available Online: 19 November 2023

Figures(4)

Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) represents a promising approach for ion separation from aqueous solutions. However, the optimization of spacer, particularly for nitrate-contaminated groundwater systems, has often been overlooked. This research comprehensively investigates the influence of using a conductive (carbon cloth, CC) spacer on nitrate removal performance within FCDI system, comparing it to a non-conductive (nylon net, NN) spacer. In both CC and NN FCDI systems, it is unsurprisingly that nitrate removal efficiency improved notably with the increasing current density and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Interestingly, the specific energy consumption (SEC) for nitrate removal did not show obvious fluctuations when the current density and HRT varied in both systems. Under the auspiciously optimized process parameters, CC-FCDI attained a 20% superior nitrate removal efficiency relative to NN-FCDI, accompanied by a notably diminished SEC for CC-FCDI, registering at a mere 28% of NN-FCDI. This great improvement can be primarily attributed to the decrement in FCDI internal resistance after using conductive spacer, which further confirmed by electrochemical tests such as linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Upon prolonged continuous nitrate removal at the optimized conditions, the CC-FCDI system achieved a consistent 90% nitrate removal efficiency with a low SEC of 2.7–7.8 kWh/kg NO₃-N, underscoring its steady performance. Overall, this study highlights the pivotal importance of careful spacer design and optimization in realizing energy-efficient groundwater treatment via FCDI.
- Flow-electrode capacitive deionization,
- Carbon cloth,
- Nitrate,
- Underground water,
- Ions transport
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