Citation: Xi Huang, Xuyun Guo, Yicheng Ding, Run Wei, Shengnan Mao, Ye Zhu, Zhihao Bao. Amorphous silicon from low-temperature reduction of silica in the molten salts and its lithium-storage performance[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2021, 32(2): 598-603. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.041 shu

Amorphous silicon from low-temperature reduction of silica in the molten salts and its lithium-storage performance

Xi Huang ^{a, 1} ,
Xuyun Guo ^{b, 1} ,
Yicheng Ding ^a ,
Run Wei ^a ,
Shengnan Mao ^a ,
Ye Zhu ^{b, *,} ,
Zhihao Bao ^{a, *,}

a.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
b.
Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

ye.ap.zhu@polyu.edu.hk

zbao@tongji.edu.cn

Received Date: 20 October 2020
Revised Date: 21 November 2020
Accepted Date: 23 November 2020
Available Online: 30 November 2020

Figures(4)

Amorphous silicon (a-Si) is one of the most promising anode-materials for the lithium-ion battery owing to its large capacity and superior fracture resistance. However, a-Si is usually fabricated with the sophisticated chemical vapor deposition or pulse laser deposition in a limited scale. In this work, we have successfully prepared a-Si spheres (~200 nm) by reducing the TiO₂-coated silica spheres with Al powders in the molten salts at 300 ℃. The coated TiO₂ layer acts as a protective layer for structural maintenance during the reduction and a precursor for doping. The doped Ti element may suppress the crystal growth of Si to facilitate the formation of a-Si. The observation with in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) further reveals that lithiation kinetics of the synthesized a-Si is controlled by the interfacial reaction. The Li⁺ diffusivity in a-Si determined from the observation is in the order of 10⁻¹⁴ cm²/s. The anode of a-Si spheres together with crystalline Si nanoparticles exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, delivering a reversible capacity of 1604 mAh/g at 4 A/g and a capacity retention of 78.3% after 500 cycles. The low temperature reduction process reported in this study provides a low-cost method to fabricate a-Si nanostructures as high-capacity durable anode materials
- Amorphous,
- Molten salt,
- Lithium-ion battery,
- Silicon anode,
- Doping
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