Citation: Wenhui Li, Yakun Tang, Yusheng Zhou, Yue Zhang, Wenhai Zhang, Qingtao Ma, Lang Liu, Sen Dong, Yuliang Cao. Enhanced sodium storage performance of asphalt-derived hard carbon through intramolecular oxidation for high-performance sodium-ion batteries[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2025, 41(10): 100119. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100119 shu

Enhanced sodium storage performance of asphalt-derived hard carbon through intramolecular oxidation for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Wenhui Li ¹ ,
Yakun Tang ^1,, ,
Yusheng Zhou ³ ,
Yue Zhang ^1,, ,
Wenhai Zhang ¹ ,
Qingtao Ma ¹ ,
Lang Liu ^1,, ,
Sen Dong ¹ ,
Yuliang Cao ^{1, 2,,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
2.
Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
3.
Beijing Sodium Element Era New Material Technology Co., Ltd., 102600 Beijing, China

Corresponding author: Yakun Tang, yktang@xju.edu.cn Yue Zhang, yuezhang@xju.edu.cn Lang Liu, liulang@xju.edu.cn Yuliang Cao,
Received Date: 20 April 2025
Revised Date: 27 May 2025
Accepted Date: 11 June 2025

Fund Project: the Key R & D Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 2024B01009-1the Key R & D Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 2024B04008-3the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Science and Technology Partnership Program and International Science and Technology Cooperation Program 2023E01004the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22368047the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22468048

The development of high-performance and low-cost hard carbon plays a crucial role in the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Asphalt is considered a suitable hard carbon precursor due to its wide distribution, abundance, and cost-effectiveness. However, its low capacity and poor electrochemical reaction kinetics limit its further application. Herein, we have successfully synthesized asphalt-based hard carbon nanosheets through a process of intramolecular oxidation, facilitated by the synergistic action of mixed acids. The introduction of sulfuric acid plays a crucial role in expanding the tightly packed asphalt molecules, which in turn allows for the intramolecular oxidation of asphalt molecules by nitric acid. This oxidation process effectively introduces oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs), leading to an increase in interlayer spacing and the formation of a more nanoporous structure, resulting in both enhanced capacity and improved rate performance. The optimized asphalt-based hard carbon boosts reversible capacity from 115.0 to 304.4 mAh∙g⁻¹ at 0.03 A∙g⁻¹, and the plateau capacity is increased by 5.5 times. This work provides a profound understanding of the impact of liquid-phase acid oxidation on the structure and composition of sodium-storage hard carbon, and further unveils an effective method for obtaining low-cost and high-performance asphalt-based hard carbon.
- Sodium-ion battery,
- Asphalt-based hard carbon,
- Nanosheet,
- Intramolecular oxidation
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142