锂离子电池石墨负极包覆研究进展

引用本文: 祝鑫彤, 曹斌, 闫崇, 唐城, 陈爱兵, 张强. 锂离子电池石墨负极包覆研究进展[J]. 物理化学学报, 2025, 41(9): 100096. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100096 shu

Citation: Xintong Zhu, Bin Cao, Chong Yan, Cheng Tang, Aibing Chen, Qiang Zhang. Advances in coating strategies for graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(9): 100096. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100096 shu

锂离子电池石墨负极包覆研究进展

祝鑫彤 ^{1, 2,} ,
曹斌 ^{2, 3,} ,
闫崇 ^4, ,
唐城 ^{2, 5,
,} ,
陈爱兵 ^{1,
,} ,
张强 ^{2, 6,
,}

1.
河北科技大学化学与制药工程学院, 石家庄 050018
2.
清华大学化学工程系, 复合固态电池北京市重点实验室, 清华大学绿电化工研究中心, 北京 100084
3.
西安科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 西安 710054
4.
北京理工大学前沿交叉科学研究院, 北京 100081
5.
鄂尔多斯实验室, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000
6.
清华大学碳中和研究院, 北京 100084

通讯作者: 唐城, cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn; 陈爱兵, chen_ab@163.com; 张强, zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

基金项目:
国家重点研发计划 2022YFB2404402

华能集团总部科技项目基础能源科技研究专项(四) HNKJ23–H71

国家自然科学基金 22478221

国家自然科学基金 U23A20573

国家自然科学基金 U23A20140

河北省自然科学基金 B2024208091

河北省省级科技计划 22344402D

清华大学自主科研项目

摘要: 石墨负极是目前锂离子电池中广泛使用的商品化负极材料，其在接触电解液发生储锂时会因有机电解液的还原分解而形成一层固体电解质界面膜(SEI)。该界面膜对锂离子电池的循环稳定性、快充性能、安全性能等诸多方面有着关键影响。通过在石墨表面构建一层包覆层，减少其与电解液之间的副反应并促进稳定电极界面的形成，可以提高储锂的电化学性能。表面包覆通常通过气相或液相法实现，包覆材料主要包括碳材料、锂离子导体、金属化合物和聚合物材料等体系。本文评述了不同包覆材料和方法对石墨负极性能的提升作用，分析了包覆改性策略影响电池快充性能和循环稳定性的机制，为锂离子电池负极材料的研究和开发提供了材料物理化学基础。

关键词:

English

Advances in coating strategies for graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Xintong Zhu ^{1, 2,} ,
Bin Cao ^{2, 3,} ,
Chong Yan ^4, ,
Cheng Tang ^{2, 5,
,} ,
Aibing Chen ^{1,
,} ,
Qiang Zhang ^{2, 6,
,}

1.
College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Complex Solid State Batteries & Tsinghua Center for Green Chemical Engineering Electrification, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
4.
Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
5.
Ordos Laboratory, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
6.
Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Corresponding author: Email: cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn (C.T.); Email: chen_ab@163.com (A.B.C.); Email: zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn (Q.Z.)

Received Date: 05 March 2025
Accepted Date: 18 April 2025
Revised Date: 11 April 2025
Available Online: 15 September 2025
Fund Project:
the National Key Research and Development Program of China

Huaneng Group science and technology research project

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

the Hebei Natural Science Foundation

S&T Program of Hebei

Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program

Abstract: As a critical component for achieving sustainable energy systems, secondary lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the dominant electrochemical energy storage technology. Graphite has been widely employed as an anode material in rechargeable LIBs, where the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on graphite particles plays a pivotal role in realizing optimal Li⁺ ion storage performance. However, solvent co-intercalation with Li⁺ ions leads to volumetric expansion, unstable SEI formation, irreversible capacity loss, structural layer collapse, and even lithium dendrite formation. To overcome these challenges, surface coating modification has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance graphite anode performance. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in coating materials (including carbon materials, lithium-ion conductors, metal compounds, and polymers) fabricated through vapor-phase or liquid-phase deposition. Enormous research investigations demonstrate that rationally designed coating layers prevent direct electrolyte/graphite contact to inhibit solvent decomposition, regulate lithium-ion flux distribution to promote uniform deposition, and function as artificial SEI components to improve interphasial stability. This review provides both theoretical insights and practical considerations for future research and development of advanced graphite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

锂离子电池石墨负极包覆研究进展

通讯作者: 唐城, cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn; 陈爱兵, chen_ab@163.com; 张强, zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

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Advances in coating strategies for graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Corresponding author: Email: cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn (C.T.); Email: chen_ab@163.com (A.B.C.); Email: zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn (Q.Z.)

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南：你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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锂离子电池石墨负极包覆研究进展

通讯作者: 唐城, cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn; 陈爱兵, chen_ab@163.com; 张强, zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

English

Advances in coating strategies for graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Corresponding author: Email: cheng–net0@tsinghua.edu.cn (C.T.); Email: chen_ab@163.com (A.B.C.); Email: zhang–qiang@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn (Q.Z.)

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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