Citation: Cong Zhao, Shengxin Chen, Ruirui Zhang, Zihang Li, Ruixia Liu, Baozeng Ren, Suojiang Zhang. Synthesis of propylene glycol ethers from propylene oxide catalyzed by environmentally friendly ionic liquids[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, ;2017, 38(5): 879-889. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62831-6 shu

Synthesis of propylene glycol ethers from propylene oxide catalyzed by environmentally friendly ionic liquids

Cong Zhao ^a,b, ,
Shengxin Chen ^b,c ,
Ruirui Zhang ^b ,
Zihang Li ^b ,
Ruixia Liu ^b ,
Baozeng Ren ^b ,
Suojiang Zhang ^a,b

a. School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China;
b. Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
c. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China

Received Date: 16 February 2017
Revised Date: 31 March 2017

Fund Project: This work was supported by the One Hundred Talent Program of CAS, the National Natural Science Foundation of China Petroleum &

A series of acetate ionic liquids were synthesized using a typical two-step method. The ionic liquids were used as environmentally benign catalysts in the production of propylene glycol ethers from propylene oxide and alcohols under mild conditions. The basic strengths of the ionic liquids were evaluated by determination of their Hammett functions, obtained using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and the relationship between their catalytic activities and basicities was established. The catalytic efficiencies of the ionic liquids were higher than that of the traditional basic catalyst NaOH. This can be attributed to the involvement of a novel reaction mechanism when these ionic liquids are used. A possible electrophilic-nucleophilic dual activation mechanism was proposed and confirmed using electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition, the effects of significant reaction parameters such as concentration of catalyst, molar ratio of alcohol to propylene oxide, reaction temperature, and steric hindrance of the alcohol were investigated in detail.
- Ionic liquid,
- Propylene glycol ether,
- Etherification,
- Propylene oxide,
- Basic strength,
- Reaction mechanism,
- Environmental friendly
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