Citation: Run Zhao, Yu-Juan Zhou, Ke-Cheng Jie, Jie Yang, Sébastien Perrier, Fei-He Huang. Fluorescent Supramolecular Polymersomes Based on Pillararene/Paraquat Molecular Recognition for pH-controlled Drug Release[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, ;2020, 38(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1007/s10118-019-2305-1 shu

Fluorescent Supramolecular Polymersomes Based on Pillararene/Paraquat Molecular Recognition for pH-controlled Drug Release

Run Zhao ^a ,
Yu-Juan Zhou ^a ,
Ke-Cheng Jie ^a ,
Jie Yang ^b,, ,
Sébastien Perrier ^b,c,d,, ,
Fei-He Huang ^a,,

a.
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
b.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
c.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
d.
Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

Corresponding author: Jie Yang, J.Yang.38@warwick.ac.uk Sébastien Perrier, S.Perrier@warwick.ac.uk Fei-He Huang, fhuang@zju.edu.cn
Received Date: 26 April 2019
Revised Date: 23 May 2019
Available Online: 27 September 2019

Researchers have put significant efforts on developing versatile fluorescent polymeric systems due to their promising biological/biomedical labelling, tracking, monitoring, imaging, and diagnostic applications. However, complicated organic/polymeric synthesis or post-modification of these functionalized platforms is still a big obstacle for their further application and thereby provides clear motivation for exploring alternative strategies for the design and fabrication of easily available fluorescent systems. The marriage of supramolecular polymers and fluorescent imaging can provide a facile and dynamic manner instead of tedious and time-consuming synthesis due to the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions. Herein, based on water-soluble pillararene/paraquat molecular recognition, we successfully prepare two amphiphilic polypseudorotaxanes which can self-assemble into supramolecular polymersomes in water. These polymersomes can be reversibly destroyed and reformed by tuning the solution pH. Attributed to the aggregation-induced emission of tetraphenylethylene groups, intense fluorescence can be introduced into the obtained supramolecular polymersomes. Furthermore, pH-triggered release of an encapsulated water-insoluble drug (doxorubicin) from the self-assembled fluorescent supramolecular polymersomes is also investigated.
- Fluorescent polymers,
- Aggregation-induced emission,
- Host-guest interactions,
- Responsiveness
1. [1]
  Yang, Z.; He, Y.; Lee, J. H.; Park, N.; Suh, M.; Chae, W. S.; Cao, J.; Peng, X.; Jung, H.; Kang, C.; Kim, J. S. A self-calibrating bipartite viscosity sensor for mitochondria. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 9181−9185. doi: 10.1021/ja403851p
2. [2]
  Yu, G.; Zhang, M.; Saha, M. L.; Mao, Z.; Chen, J.; Yao, Y.; Zhou, Z.; Liu, Y.; Gao, C.; Huang, F.; Chen, X.; Stang, P. J. Antitumor activity of a unique polymer that incorporates a fluorescent self-assembled metallacycle. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 15940−15949. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b09224
3. [3]
  Peng, H. Q.; Sun, C. L.; Niu, L. Y.; Chen, Y. Z.; Wu, L. Z.; Tung, C. H.; Yang, Q. Z. Supramolecular polymeric fluorescent nanoparticles based on quadruple hydrogen bonds. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 5483−5489. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201600593
4. [4]
  Sun, C. L.; Xu, J. F.; Chen, Y. Z.; Niu, L. Y.; Wu, L. Z.; Tung, C. H.; Yang, Q. Z. Synthesis of a disulfide-bridged bispillar[5]arene and its application in supramolecular polymers. Polym. Chem. 2016, 7, 2057−2061. doi: 10.1039/C6PY00148C
5. [5]
  Yang, C.; Wang, X.; Huang, S.; Wang, M. Tunable Forster resonance energy transfer in colloidal nanoparticles composed of polycaprolactone-tethered donors and acceptors: enhanced near-infrared emission and compatibility for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1705226−1705238. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v28.7
6. [6]
  Jiang, N.; Ahmed, R.; Rifat, A. A.; Guo, J.; Yin, Y.; Montelongo, Y.; Butt, H.; Yetisen, A. K. Functionalized flexible soft polymer optical fibers for laser photomedicine. Adv. Optical Mater. 2018, 6, 1701118−1701127. doi: 10.1002/adom.v6.3
7. [7]
  Sylvie, R.; Tânia, R.; Clarisse, R.; Daniela, M. C.; José, P. S. F.; Andreia, C. G.; Carlos, B.; Senentxu, L. M. Multifunctional platform based on electroactive polymers and silica nanoparticles for tissue engineering applications. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 933−952. doi: 10.3390/nano8110933
8. [8]
  Robert, G.; Chen, Y. C.; Lee, J. W.; Soman, P.; Zorlutuna, P.; Nichol, J. W.; Bae, H.; Chen, S.; Khademhosseini, A. Microfabrication of complex porous tissue engineering scaffolds using 3D projection stereolithography. Biomaterials 2012, 33, 3824−3834. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.01.048
9. [9]
  Wu, C.; Hansen, S. J.; Hou, Q.; Yu, J.; Zeigler, M.; Jin, Y.; Burnham, D. R.; McNeill, J. D.; Olson, J. M.; Chiu, D. T. Design of highly emissive polymer dot bioconjugates for in vivo tumor targeting. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 3430−3434. doi: 10.1002/anie.201007461
10. [10]
  Feng, W.; Jin, M.; Yang, K.; Pei, Y.; Pei, Z. Supramolecular delivery systems based on pillararenes. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 13626−13640. doi: 10.1039/C8CC08252A
11. [11]
  Reisch, A.; Heimburger, D.; Ernst, P.; Runser, A.; Didier, P.; Dujardin, D.; Klymchenko, A. S. Protein-sized dye-loaded polymer nanoparticles for free particle diffusion in cytosol. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1805157−1805166. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v28.48
12. [12]
  Lou, X. Y.; Yang, Y. W. Manipulating aggregation-induced emission with supramolecular macrocycles. Adv. Optical Mater. 2018, 6, 1800668−1800692. doi: 10.1002/adom.v6.22
13. [13]
  Liu, F.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, X.; Peng, J.; Yang, H.; Deng, K.; Ma, L.; Chang, C.; Wei, H. Fabrication of theranostic amphiphilic conjugated bottlebrush copolymers with alternating heterografts for cell imaging and anticancer drug delivery. Polym. Chem. 2018, 9, 4866−4874. doi: 10.1039/C8PY01221K
14. [14]
  Liu, X.; Zhu, J.; Ouyang, K.; Yan, Q. Peroxynitrite-biosignal-responsive polymer micelles as intracellular hypersensitive nanoprobes. Polym. Chem. 2018, 9, 5075−5079. doi: 10.1039/C8PY01110A
15. [15]
  Zhang, P.; Wang, H.; Hong, Y.; Yu, M.; Zeng, R.; Long, Y.; Chen, J. Selective visualization of endogenous hypochlorous acid in zebrafish during lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury using a polymer micelles-based ratiometric fluorescent probe. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2018, 99, 318−324. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.08.001
16. [16]
  Zhao, C.; Zhang, X.; Li, K.; Zhu, S.; Guo, Z.; Zhang, L.; Wang, F.; Fei, Q.; Luo, S.; Shi, P.; Tian, H.; Zhu, W. H. Forster resonance energy transfer switchable self-assembled micellar nanoprobe: ratiometric fluorescent trapping of endogenous H₂S generation via fluvastatin-stimulated upregulation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 8490−8498. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b03248
17. [17]
  Rideau, E.; Wurm, F. R.; Landfester, K. Giant polymersomes from non-assisted film hydration of phosphate-based block copolymers. Polym. Chem. 2018, 9, 5385−5394. doi: 10.1039/C8PY00992A
18. [18]
  Zhang, N.; Chen, H.; Fan, Y.; Zhou, L.; Trepout, S.; Guo, J.; Li, M. H. Fluorescent polymersomes with aggregation-induced emission. ACS Nano 2018, 12, 4025−4035. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01755
19. [19]
  Abdelmohsen, L. K. E.; Williams, A. D. S.; Pille, J.; Ozel, S. G.; Rikken, R. S. M.; Wilson, D. A.; van Hest, J. C. M. Formation of well-defined, functional nanotubes via osmotically induced shape transformation of biodegradable polymersomes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 9353−9356. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b03984
20. [20]
  Kulkarni, P. S.; Haldar, M. K.; Confeld, M. I.; Langaas, C. J.; Yang, X.; Qian, S. Y.; Mallik, S. Mitochondria-targeted fluorescent polymersomes for drug delivery to cancer cells. Polym. Chem. 2016, 7, 4151−4154. doi: 10.1039/C6PY00623J
21. [21]
  Bratton, B. P.; Shaevitz, J. W.; Gitai, Z.; Morgenstein, R. M. MreB polymers and curvature localization are enhanced by RodZ and predict E. coli's cylindrical uniformity. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 2797.
22. [22]
  Chang, D.; Huang, A.; Olsen, B. D. Kinetic effects on self-assembly and function of protein-polymer bioconjugates in thin films prepared by flow coating. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2017, 38, 1600449−1600454. doi: 10.1002/marc.v38.1
23. [23]
  Thomas, C. S.; Olsen, B. D. Coil fraction-dependent phase behavior of a model globular protein-polymer diblock copolymer. Soft Matter 2014, 10, 3093−3102. doi: 10.1039/C3SM52531G
24. [24]
  Yu, G.; Zhao, R.; Shao, L.; Zhou, J.; Yang, J.; Huang, F.; Wu, D.; Tang, G.; Zhang, F.; Chen, X. Pillar[5]arene-based amphiphilic supramolecular brush copolymers: fabrication, controllable self-assembly and application in self-imaging targeted drug delivery. Polym. Chem. 2016, 7, 6178−6188. doi: 10.1039/C6PY01402J
25. [25]
  Jie, K.; Zhou, Y.; Ji, X. A pH-responsive amphiphilic supramolecular graft copolymer constructed by crown ether based molecular recognition. Polym. Chem. 2015, 6, 218−222. doi: 10.1039/C4PY01072H
26. [26]
  Wang, Y.; Sukhishvili, S. A. All-aqueous nanoprecipitation: Spontaneous formation of hydrogen-bonded nanoparticles and nanocapsules mediated by phase separation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2017, 38, 1700242−1700246. doi: 10.1002/marc.v38.16
27. [27]
  Wang, H.; Ji, X.; Li, Z.; Huang, F. Fluorescent supramolecular polymeric materials. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1606117−1606138. doi: 10.1002/adma.v29.14
28. [28]
  Wang, R. F.; Peng, H. Q.; Chen, P. Z.; Niu, L. Y.; Gao, J. F.; Wu, L. Z.; Tung, C. H.; Chen, Y. Z.; Yang, Q. Z. A hydrogen-bonded-supramolecular-polymer-based nanoprobe for ratiometric oxygen sensing in living cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 5419−5425. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201601831
29. [29]
  Wang, W.; Han, J. J.; Wang, L. Q.; Li, L. S.; Shaw, W. J.; Li, A. D. Q. Dynamic π-π stacked molecular assemblies emit from green to red colors. Nano Lett. 2003, 3, 455−458. doi: 10.1021/nl025976j
30. [30]
  Lu, W.; Chan, M. C. W.; Cheung, K. K.; Che, C. M. π-π Interactions in organometallic systems. Crystal structures and spectroscopic properties of luminescent mono-, bi-, and trinuclear trans-cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes derived from 2,6-diphenylpyridine. Organometallics 2001, 20, 2477−2486.
31. [31]
  Nishizawa, S.; Kato, Y.; Teramae, N. Fluorescence sensing of anions via intramolecular excimer formation in a pyrophosphate-induced self-assembly of a pyrene-functionalized guanidinium receptor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 9463−9464. doi: 10.1021/ja991497j
32. [32]
  Yoshida, K.; Miyazaki, H.; Miura, Y.; Ooyama, Y.; Watanabe, S. Solid-surface fluorescence enhancement behavior of a benzofuranoquinol-type fluorescent host upon enclathration of alicyclic amines. Chem. Lett. 1999, 837−838.
33. [33]
  Ban, Q.; Du, J.; Sun, W.; Chen, J.; Wu, S.; Kong, J. Intramolecular copper-containing hyperbranched polytriazole assemblies for label-free cellular bioimaging and redox-triggered copper complex delivery. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2018, 39, 1800171−1800176. doi: 10.1002/marc.v39.11
34. [34]
  Wei, P.; Yan, X.; Huang, F. Supramolecular polymers constructed by orthogonal self-assembly based on host-guest and metal-ligand interactions. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 815−832. doi: 10.1039/C4CS00327F
35. [35]
  Hu, J.; Liu, S. Engineering responsive polymer building blocks with host-guest molecular recognition for functional applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2084−2095. doi: 10.1021/ar5001007
36. [36]
  Yang, H.; Yuan, B.; Zhang, X.; Scherman, O. A. Supramolecular chemistry at interfaces: host-guest interactions for fabricating multifunctional biointerfaces. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2106−2115. doi: 10.1021/ar500105t
37. [37]
  Zhang, M.; Yan, X.; Huang, F.; Niu, Z.; Gibson, H. W. Stimuli-responsive host-guest systems based on the recognition of cryptands by organic guests. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 1995−2005. doi: 10.1021/ar500046r
38. [38]
  Zhang, D. W.; Zhao, X.; Li, Z. T. Aromatic amide and hydrazide foldamer-based responsive host-guest systems. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 1961−1970. doi: 10.1021/ar5000242
39. [39]
  Yang, Y. W.; Sun, Y. L.; Song, N. Switchable host-guest systems on surfaces. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 1950−1960. doi: 10.1021/ar500022f
40. [40]
  Cook, T. R.; Zheng, Y. R.; Stang, P. J. Metal-organic frameworks and self-assembled supramolecular coordination complexes: comparing and contrasting the design, synthesis, and functionality of metal-organic materials. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 734−777. doi: 10.1021/cr3002824
41. [41]
  Servant, A.; Qiu, F.; Mazza, M.; Kostarelos, K.; Nelson, B. J. Controlled in vivo swimming of a swarm of bacteria-like microrobotic flagella. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 2981−2988. doi: 10.1002/adma.201404444
42. [42]
  Wang, H.; Su, W.; Wang, S.; Wang, X.; Liao, Z.; Kang, C.; Han, L.; Chang, J.; Wang, G.; Pu, P. Smart multifunctional core-shell nanospheres with drug and gene co-loaded for enhancing the therapeutic effect in a rat intracranial tumor model. Nanoscale 2012, 4, 6501−6508. doi: 10.1039/c2nr31263h
43. [43]
  Zhang, Y. M.; Li, Y. F.; Fang, H.; He, J. X.; Yong, B. R.; Yao, H.; Wei, T. B.; Lin, Q. Multi-stimuli-responsive supramolecular gel constructed by pillar[5]arene-based pseudorotaxanes for efficient detection and separation of multi-analytes in aqueous solution. Soft Matter 2018, 14, 8529−8536. doi: 10.1039/C8SM01838C
44. [44]
  Han, Y.; Tian, Y.; Li, Z.; Wang, F. Donor-acceptor-type supramolecular polymers on the basis of preorganized molecular tweezers/guest complexation. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2018, 47, 5165−5176. doi: 10.1039/C7CS00802C
45. [45]
  Wei, T. B.; Chen, J. F.; Cheng, X. B.; Li, H.; Han, B. B.; Yao, H.; Zhang, Y. M.; Lin, Q. Construction of stimuli-responsive supramolecular gel via bispillar[5]arene-based multiple interactions. Polym. Chem. 2017, 8, 2005−2009. doi: 10.1039/C7PY00335H
46. [46]
  Ma, X.; Tian, H. Stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymers in aqueous solution. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 1971−1981. doi: 10.1021/ar500033n
47. [47]
  Qi, Z.; Schalley, C. A. Exploring macrocycles in functional supramolecular gels: from stimuli responsiveness to systems chemistry. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2222−2233. doi: 10.1021/ar500193z
48. [48]
  Ji, X. F.; Xia, D. Y.; Yan, X.; Wang, H.; Huang, F. H. Supramolecular polymer materials based on crown ether and pillararene host-guest recognition motifs. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese) 2017, 9−18.
49. [49]
  Yang, J.; Shao, L.; Yuan, J.; Huang, F. Construction of a pillar[6]arene based water-soluble supramolecular pseudopolyrotaxane driven by cucurbit[8]uril-enhanced π-π interaction. Chem. Commun. 2016, 52, 12510−12512. doi: 10.1039/C6CC07433B
50. [50]
  Dhinakaran, M. K.; Gong, W.; Yin, Y.; Wajahat, A.; Kuang, X.; Wang, L.; Ning, G. Configuration-independent AIE-active supramole-cular polymers of cyanostilbene through the photo-stable host-guest interaction of pillar[5]arene. Polym. Chem. 2017, 8, 5295−5302. doi: 10.1039/C7PY00845G
51. [51]
  Wang, Y.; Lv, M. Z.; Song, N.; Liu, Z. J.; Wang, C.; Yang, Y. W. Dual-stimuli-responsive fluorescent supramolecular polymer based on a diselenium-bridged pillar[5]arene dimer and an AIE-active tetraphenylethylene guest. Macromolecules 2017, 50, 5759−5766. doi: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01010
52. [52]
  Hua, B.; Shao, L.; Zhang, Z.; Sun, J.; Yang, J. Pillar[6]arene/acridine orange host-guest complexes as colorimetric and fluorescence sensors for choline compounds and further application in monitoring enzymatic reactions. Sens. Actuators B 2018, 255, 1430−1435. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2017.08.141
53. [53]
  Hu, X.; Wu, X.; Wang, S.; Chen, D.; Xia, W.; Lin, C.; Pan, Y.; Wang, L. Pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular polypseudorotaxane polymer networks constructed by orthogonal self-assembly. Polym. Chem. 2013, 4, 4292−4297. doi: 10.1039/c3py00575e
54. [54]
  Li, E.; Jie, K.; Zhou, Y.; Zhao, R.; Huang, F. Post-synthetic modification of nonporous adaptive crystals of pillar[4]-arene[1]quinone by capturing vaporized amines. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 15070−15079. doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b10192
55. [55]
  Li, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Chen, L. J.; Wang, C.; Tan, H.; Yu, Y.; Li, X.; Yang, H. B. Cross-linked supramolecular polymer gels constructed from discrete multi-pillar[5]arene metallacycles and their multiple stimuli-responsive behavior. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8577−8589. doi: 10.1021/ja413047r
56. [56]
  Xu, J. F.; Chen, Y. Z.; Wu, L. Z.; Tung, C. H.; Yang, Q. Z. Dynamic covalent bond based on reversible [4+4] photocycloaddition of anthracene for construction of double-dynamic polymers. Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 6148−6151. doi: 10.1021/ol403015s
57. [57]
  Jie, K.; Zhou, Y.; Li, E.; Zhao, R.; Huang, F. Separation of aromatics/cyclic aliphatics by nonporous adaptive pillararene crystals. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 12845−12849. doi: 10.1002/anie.201808998
58. [58]
  Cao, D.; Kou, Y.; Liang, J.; Chen, Z.; Wang, L.; Meier, H. A facile and efficient preparation of pillararenes and a pillarquinone. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9721−9723. doi: 10.1002/anie.200904765
59. [59]
  Ogoshi, T.; Kanai, S.; Fujinami, S.; Yamagishi, T.; Nakamoto, Y. Para-bridged symmetrical pillar[5]arenes: their Lewis acid catalyzed synthesis and host-guest property. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 5022−5023. doi: 10.1021/ja711260m
60. [60]
  Zhang, H.; Liu, Z.; Zhao, Y. Pillararene-based self-assembled amphiphiles. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2018, 47, 5491−5528. doi: 10.1039/C8CS00037A
61. [61]
  Yu, G.; Yang, J.; Fu, X.; Wang, Z.; Shao, L.; Mao, Z.; Liu, Y.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, F.; Fan, W.; Song, J.; Zhou, Z.; Gao, C.; Huang, F.; Chen, X. A supramolecular hybrid material constructed from graphene oxide and a pillar[6]arene-based host-guest complex as an ultrasound and photoacoustic signal nanoampli. Mater. Horiz. 2018, 5, 429−435. doi: 10.1039/C8MH00128F
62. [62]
  Jie, K.; Zhou, Y.; Li, E.; Li, Z.; Zhao, R.; Huang, F. Reversible iodine capture by nonporous pillar[6]arene crystals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 15320−15323. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b09850
63. [63]
  Jie, K.; Liu, M.; Zhou, Y.; Little, M. A.; Bonakala, S.; S. Chong, Y.; Stephenson, A.; Chen, L.; Huang, F.; Cooper, A. I. Styrene purification by guest-induced restructuring of pillar[6]arene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 2908−2911. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b13300
64. [64]
  Dong, R.; Zhou, Y.; Huang, X.; Zhu, X.; Lu, Y.; Shen, J. Functional supramolecular polymers for biomedical applications. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 498−526. doi: 10.1002/adma.v27.3
65. [65]
  Mei, J.; Huang, Y.; Tian, H. Progress and trends in AIE-based bioprobes: a brief overview. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 12217−12261. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b14343
66. [66]
  Furue, R.; Nishimoto, T.; Park, I. S.; Lee, J.; Yasuda, T. Aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence based on donor/acceptor-tethered Janus carborane triads: unique photophysical properties of nondoped OLEDs. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 7171−7175. doi: 10.1002/anie.201603232
67. [67]
  Yan, X.; Wang, M.; Cook, T. R.; Zhang, M.; Saha, M. L.; Zhou, Z.; Li, X.; Huang, F.; Stang, P. J. Light-emitting superstructures with anion effect: coordination-driven self-assembly of pure tetraphenylethylene metallacycles and metallacages. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 4580−4588. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b00846
68. [68]
  Li, K.; Liu, B. Polymer-encapsulated organic nanoparticles for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 6570−6597. doi: 10.1039/C4CS00014E
69. [69]
  Luo, J.; Xie, Z. J.; Lam, W. Y.; Cheng, L.; Chen, H.; Qiu, C.; Kwok, H. S.; Zhan, X.; Liu, Y.; Zhu, D.; Tang, B. Z. Aggregation-induced emission of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylsilole. Chem. Commun. 2001, 1740−1741. doi: 10.1039/B105159H
70. [70]
  Ji, X.; Li, Y.; Wang, H.; Zhao, R.; Tang, G.; Huang, F. Facile construction of fluorescent polymeric aggregates with various morphologies by self-assembly of supramolecular amphiphilic graft copolymers. Polym. Chem. 2015, 28, 5021−5025. doi: 10.1039/C5PY00801H
1. [1]
  Yi Liu , Peng Lei , Yang Feng , Shiwei Fu , Xiaoqing Liu , Siqi Zhang , Bin Tu , Chen Chen , Yifan Li , Lei Wang , Qing-Dao Zeng . Topologically engineering of π-conjugated macrocycles: Tunable emission and photochemical reaction toward multi-cyclic polymers. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109571-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109571
2. [2]
  Shuo Li , Qianfa Liu , Lijun Mao , Xin Zhang , Chunju Li , Da Ma . Benzothiadiazole-based water-soluble macrocycle: Synthesis, aggregation-induced emission and selective detection of spermine. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109791-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109791
3. [3]
  Jun-Jie Fang , Zheng Liu , Yun-Peng Xie , Xing Lu . Superatomic Ag₅₈ nanoclusters incorporating a [MS₄@Ag₁₂]²⁺ (M = Mo or W) kernel show aggregation-induced emission. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109345-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109345
4. [4]
  Conghui Wang , Lei Xu , Zhenhua Jia , Teck-Peng Loh . Recent applications of macrocycles in supramolecular catalysis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 109075-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109075
5. [5]
  Chaochao Jin , Kai Li , Jiongpei Zhang , Zhihua Wang , Jiajing Tan . N,O-Bidentated difluoroboron complexes based on pyridine-ester enolates: Facile synthesis, post-complexation modification, optical properties, and applications. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109532-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109532
6. [6]
  You Zhou , Li-Sheng Wang , Shuang-Gui Lei , Bo-Cheng Tang , Zhi-Cheng Yu , Xing Li , Yan-Dong Wu , Kai-Lu Zheng , An-Xin Wu . I₂-DMSO mediated tetra-functionalization of enaminones for the construction of novel furo[2′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole skeletons via in situ capture of ketenimine cations. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109799-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109799
7. [7]
  Haibo Wan , Zhengzhong Lv , Jicai Jiang , Xuefeng Cheng , Qingfeng Xu , Haibin Shi , Jianmei Lu . Multidimensional detection of roxarsone via AIE-based sulfates. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 110023-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110023
8. [8]
  Cheng He , Renlan Huang , Lingling Wei , Qiuhui He , Jinbo Liu , Jiao Chen , Ge Gao , Cheng Yang , Wanhua Wu . Uncovering the mask of sensitizers to switch on the TTA-UC emission by supramolecular host-guest complexation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 110103-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110103
9. [9]
  Xuejian Xing , Pan Zhu , E Pang , Shaojing Zhao , Yu Tang , Zheyu Hu , Quchang Ouyang , Minhuan Lan . D-A-D-structured boron-dipyrromethene with aggregation-induced enhanced phototherapeutic efficiency for near-infrared fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging-guided synergistic photodynamic and photothermal cancer therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109452-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109452
10. [10]
  Jie Yang , Xin-Yue Lou , Dihua Dai , Jingwei Shi , Ying-Wei Yang . Desymmetrized pillar[8]arenes: High-yield synthesis, functionalization, and host-guest chemistry. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109818-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109818
11. [11]
  Jianmei Guo , Yupeng Zhao , Lei Ma , Yongtao Wang . Ultra-long room temperature phosphorescence, intrinsic mechanisms and application based on host-guest doping systems. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(9): 100335-100335. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100335
12. [12]
  Bingbing Shi , Yuchun Wang , Yi Zhou , Xing-Xing Zhao , Yizhou Li , Nuoqian Yan , Wen-Juan Qu , Qi Lin , Tai-Bao Wei . A supramolecular oligo[2]rotaxane constructed by orthogonal platinum(Ⅱ) metallacycle and pillar[5]arene-based host–guest interactions. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109540-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109540
13. [13]
  Xueru Zhao , Aopu Wang , Shimin Wang , Zhijie Song , Li Ma , Li Shao . Adsorption and visual detection of nitro explosives by pillar[n]arenes-based host–guest interactions. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 110205-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110205
14. [14]
  Rui Gao , Ying Zhou , Yifan Hu , Siyuan Chen , Shouhong Xu , Qianfu Luo , Wenqing Zhang . Design, Synthesis and Performance Experiment of Novel Photoswitchable Hybrid Tetraarylethenes. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 125-133. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310050
15. [15]
  Hongxia Yan , Weixu Feng , Junyan Yao , Wei Tian , Rui Wang . Illuminating the Teaching of Science and Engineering Graduate Courses with “Curriculum Ideology and Politics”. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 122-127. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310059
16. [16]
  Yanyang Li , Zongpei Zhang , Kai Li , Shuangquan Zang . Ideological and Political Design for the Comprehensive Experiment of the Synthesis and Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) Performance Study of Salicylaldehyde Schiff-Base. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(2): 105-109. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202307020
17. [17]
  Peng Meng , Qian-Cheng Luo , Aidan Brock , Xiaodong Wang , Mahboobeh Shahbazi , Aaron Micallef , John McMurtrie , Dongchen Qi , Yan-Zhen Zheng , Jingsan Xu . Molar ratio induced crystal transformation from coordination complex to coordination polymers. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108542-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108542
18. [18]
  Zhenzhu Wang , Chenglong Liu , Yunpeng Ge , Wencan Li , Chenyang Zhang , Bing Yang , Shizhong Mao , Zeyuan Dong . Differentiated self-assembly through orthogonal noncovalent interactions towards the synthesis of two-dimensional woven supramolecular polymers. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 109127-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109127
19. [19]
  Chuanfeng Fan , Jian Gao , Yingkai Gao , Xintong Yang , Gaoning Li , Xiaochun Wang , Fei Li , Jin Zhou , Haifeng Yu , Yi Huang , Jin Chen , Yingying Shan , Li Chen . A non-peptide-based chymotrypsin-targeted long-wavelength emission fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift and its application in bioimaging. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109838-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109838
20. [20]
  Yulin Mao , Jingyu Ma , Jiecheng Ji , Yuliang Wang , Wanhua Wu , Cheng Yang . Crown aldoxime ethers: Their synthesis, structure, acid-catalyzed/photo-induced isomerization and adjustable guest binding. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(11): 109927-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109927

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(782)
HTML views(13)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142