Citation: Ya-hui Chang, Wen Zhou, Gao-yi Han, Yun-zhen Chang, Yao-ming Xiao, Wen-hui Ma. Stabilities of Flexible Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Polypyrrole/Carbon Fibers in Different Gel Electrolytes[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, ;2017, 35(8): 961-973. doi: 10.1007/s10118-017-1957-y shu

Stabilities of Flexible Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Polypyrrole/Carbon Fibers in Different Gel Electrolytes

The Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Corresponding author: Gao-yi Han, han_gaoyis@sxu.edu.cn Yao-ming Xiao, ymxiao@sxu.edu.cn

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Received Date: 12 January 2017
Revised Date: 28 March 2017
Accepted Date: 29 March 2017

Fund Project: the Science Foundation of Shanxi province 2014011016-1the National Natural Science Foundation of China U1510121the Science Foundation of Shanxi province 2015021129the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21501113the National Natural Science Foundation of China 61504076the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21574076the Program for the Top Young and Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi 020352901014the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21407100

Flexible electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are vitally important as the emerging flexible electronics. We have prepared polypyrrole doped with counter ion of Cl^- on carbon fibers (PPy-Cl/CFs) via the simple electrochemical deposition method. The flexible ECs based on PPy-Cl/CFs electrodes have been assembled by using H₃PO₄/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), H₂SO₄/PVA, LiClO₄/PVA, KCl/PVA and LiCl/PVA as gel electrolytes. The capacitive properties of ECs have been systematically evaluated with electrochemical methods. The results show that the cells with H₃PO₄/PVA electrolyte exhibit good cyclic stability (91.5% retention after 15000 cycles) although PPy-Cl/CFs has moderate specific capacitance in H₃PO₄/PVA (41.6 mF·cm^-1 or 52.0 F·cm^-3). However, the ECs in other electrolytes have poor cyclic stability. Further electrochemical analysis reveals that the doping/dedoping processes of PPy-Cl/CFs are different in the five electrolytes, and X-ray photoelectron spectra demonstrate that the ratios of counter anions in PPy's oxidized states to those in reduced states are obviously different when PPy-Cl/CFs are kept in reduced or oxidized states in the five electrolytes. The results also illustrate why the capacitors using H₃PO₄/PVA as electrolyte exhibit good cyclic stability. Furthermore, a light emitting diode (LED) with a threshold voltage of 2.5 V can be lighted by three ECs connected in series.
- Polypyrrole,
- Electrochemical capacitors,
- Stability,
- Gel electrolytes
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