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2022 Volume 38 Issue 7
2022, 38(7): 1209-1225
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.107
Abstract:
Organic-inorganic metal halides, as an emerging photoluminescent material, have received extensive attention due to their high photoluminescence quantum yield and broad-spectrum emission. This paper focuses on organic-inorganic metal halide high-efficiency photoluminescent materials, classifies the materials according to the types of metal cations, discusses their high-efficiency luminescent mechanism, and proposes methods to improve the luminous efficiency of such materials. In general, the research on such photoluminescent materials is still in its infancy, its light-emitting mechanism is still controversial, and current mainstream light-emitting mechanisms are summarized. Finally, the development prospects of organic-inorganic metal halide photoluminescent materials are prospected, aiming to further promote the application of this type of material in the field of phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes.
Organic-inorganic metal halides, as an emerging photoluminescent material, have received extensive attention due to their high photoluminescence quantum yield and broad-spectrum emission. This paper focuses on organic-inorganic metal halide high-efficiency photoluminescent materials, classifies the materials according to the types of metal cations, discusses their high-efficiency luminescent mechanism, and proposes methods to improve the luminous efficiency of such materials. In general, the research on such photoluminescent materials is still in its infancy, its light-emitting mechanism is still controversial, and current mainstream light-emitting mechanisms are summarized. Finally, the development prospects of organic-inorganic metal halide photoluminescent materials are prospected, aiming to further promote the application of this type of material in the field of phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes.
2022, 38(7): 1226-1240
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.129
Abstract:
Gold nanorods (GNRs) have attracted great attention in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photoacoustic imaging because of their larger specific surface area, easy synthesis, surface modification, stability, and strong absorption and scattering in NIR region. Aptamers are oligonucleotide sequences with a length of about 20-80 bases which have abilities to bind to specific target molecules, enabling specific recognition and binding to cancer cells or their membrane proteins. Aptamer could act as ligands and be modified onto GNRs, aptamer-functionalized GNRs can actively target and identify cancer cells, showing a good application prospect in the field of cancer therapy. Herein, we overview the recent progress in the designs and applications of aptamer-targeted GNRs for cancer therapy. GNRs can be used as photothermal agents, as well as nanocarriers of drugs, photosensitizers, and small interfering RNA to achieve cancer combina- tion therapies. According to the differences in the mechanism of cancer therapy, the applications of aptamer-functionalized GNRs nanosystems for cancer therapy are reviewed, which are divided into four aspects: photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and combination therapy. Combination therapy includes photothermal therapy/chemotherapy, photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy/gene therapy, photothermal therapy/chemotherapy/gene therapy, and photothermal therapy/chemotherapy/photodynamic therapy. Finally, we elaborate on the current challenge and future perspectives of aptamer-functionalized GNRs for cancer therapy.
Gold nanorods (GNRs) have attracted great attention in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photoacoustic imaging because of their larger specific surface area, easy synthesis, surface modification, stability, and strong absorption and scattering in NIR region. Aptamers are oligonucleotide sequences with a length of about 20-80 bases which have abilities to bind to specific target molecules, enabling specific recognition and binding to cancer cells or their membrane proteins. Aptamer could act as ligands and be modified onto GNRs, aptamer-functionalized GNRs can actively target and identify cancer cells, showing a good application prospect in the field of cancer therapy. Herein, we overview the recent progress in the designs and applications of aptamer-targeted GNRs for cancer therapy. GNRs can be used as photothermal agents, as well as nanocarriers of drugs, photosensitizers, and small interfering RNA to achieve cancer combina- tion therapies. According to the differences in the mechanism of cancer therapy, the applications of aptamer-functionalized GNRs nanosystems for cancer therapy are reviewed, which are divided into four aspects: photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and combination therapy. Combination therapy includes photothermal therapy/chemotherapy, photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy/gene therapy, photothermal therapy/chemotherapy/gene therapy, and photothermal therapy/chemotherapy/photodynamic therapy. Finally, we elaborate on the current challenge and future perspectives of aptamer-functionalized GNRs for cancer therapy.
2022, 38(7): 1241-1251
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.134
Abstract:
CO-releasing molecule (CORM) facilitates the precise delivery of CO in the human body. To improve the stability of CORM, iron dicarbonyl compounds bearing a bidentate phosphine ligand, [Fe(cis-CO)2(dppp)I2] (1, dppe=1, 2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), [Fe(cis-CO)2(dppp)I2] (2, dppp=1, 3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane), and[Fe(trans-CO)2{Ph2PN(cyclohexyl)PPh2}I2] (3) were prepared by reacting of the precursor[Fe(CO)4I2] with the phosphine ligands via coordination substitution reactions. The compounds were structurally characterized by means of FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (for compounds 2 and 3). Moreover, CO-releasing behaviors of compounds 1-3 in DMSO were investigated by FT-IR to evaluate their application as a potential CORM. As demonstrated by the FT-IR spectroscopical monitoring, these compounds exhibited good stability in the dark but were easily decomposed to release CO upon irradiation of visible lights (red, green, and blue lights). Their degradation with CO release depends on the energy of the light source and the chemical structures of the compounds. Moreover, isomerization transformations of compounds 1 and 2 from cis- to trans-dicarbonyl configuration were confirmed by the FT-IR spectroscopy under the green and blue lights. However, the red light did not trigger the configuration conversion due to its low energy. Among them, the trans-dicarbonyl compound 3 exhibited the best stability upon the irradiation, which adopted a zero-order model for the photo-induced CO release.
CO-releasing molecule (CORM) facilitates the precise delivery of CO in the human body. To improve the stability of CORM, iron dicarbonyl compounds bearing a bidentate phosphine ligand, [Fe(cis-CO)2(dppp)I2] (1, dppe=1, 2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), [Fe(cis-CO)2(dppp)I2] (2, dppp=1, 3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane), and[Fe(trans-CO)2{Ph2PN(cyclohexyl)PPh2}I2] (3) were prepared by reacting of the precursor[Fe(CO)4I2] with the phosphine ligands via coordination substitution reactions. The compounds were structurally characterized by means of FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (for compounds 2 and 3). Moreover, CO-releasing behaviors of compounds 1-3 in DMSO were investigated by FT-IR to evaluate their application as a potential CORM. As demonstrated by the FT-IR spectroscopical monitoring, these compounds exhibited good stability in the dark but were easily decomposed to release CO upon irradiation of visible lights (red, green, and blue lights). Their degradation with CO release depends on the energy of the light source and the chemical structures of the compounds. Moreover, isomerization transformations of compounds 1 and 2 from cis- to trans-dicarbonyl configuration were confirmed by the FT-IR spectroscopy under the green and blue lights. However, the red light did not trigger the configuration conversion due to its low energy. Among them, the trans-dicarbonyl compound 3 exhibited the best stability upon the irradiation, which adopted a zero-order model for the photo-induced CO release.
2022, 38(7): 1252-1260
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.136
Abstract:
A convenient, economical strategy of the "dipping-grinding-sliming" process followed by solid phase sintering was used for surface modification of Li-rich layered cathode materials Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2. The experimental results expressed that compared with pristine material, the surface-modified cathode material exhibited satisfactory cyclic stability. It had an initial capacity of more than 280 mAh·g-1. After 70 charging-discharging cycles at 0.5C, it had capacity retention of 91.6%.
A convenient, economical strategy of the "dipping-grinding-sliming" process followed by solid phase sintering was used for surface modification of Li-rich layered cathode materials Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2. The experimental results expressed that compared with pristine material, the surface-modified cathode material exhibited satisfactory cyclic stability. It had an initial capacity of more than 280 mAh·g-1. After 70 charging-discharging cycles at 0.5C, it had capacity retention of 91.6%.
2022, 38(7): 1261-1271
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.135
Abstract:
Four kinds of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals (COM-1:2, COM-1:3, COM-1:4, and COM-1:5) with the aspect ratio of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5, respectively, were synthesized. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), ζ potentiometer, and specific surface tester. SEM images show that the widths of the crystals were similar, but the lengths of the crystals were (3±0.3) μm, (5.2±0.3) μm, (7.0±0.7) μm, and (8.8±1.2) μm, respectively. With the increase of reaction temperature, the length of the crystal increased. The faster the stirring speed, the smaller the crystal size. As the concentration of the additive gelatin decreased, the (101) faces of COM crystals were elongated. Cell viability, cell total mortality, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) tests showed that the toxicity of COM with different length-width ratios to the human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) was COM-1:2 > COM-1:3 > COM-1:4 > COM-1:5 > control group. SEM examination showed that all four COM crystals could adhere to the cell surface. The reasons for this difference are positively related to the following points: a large proportion of (101) crystal planes, large specific surface area, and small cell-crystal shear stress.
Four kinds of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals (COM-1:2, COM-1:3, COM-1:4, and COM-1:5) with the aspect ratio of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5, respectively, were synthesized. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), ζ potentiometer, and specific surface tester. SEM images show that the widths of the crystals were similar, but the lengths of the crystals were (3±0.3) μm, (5.2±0.3) μm, (7.0±0.7) μm, and (8.8±1.2) μm, respectively. With the increase of reaction temperature, the length of the crystal increased. The faster the stirring speed, the smaller the crystal size. As the concentration of the additive gelatin decreased, the (101) faces of COM crystals were elongated. Cell viability, cell total mortality, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) tests showed that the toxicity of COM with different length-width ratios to the human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) was COM-1:2 > COM-1:3 > COM-1:4 > COM-1:5 > control group. SEM examination showed that all four COM crystals could adhere to the cell surface. The reasons for this difference are positively related to the following points: a large proportion of (101) crystal planes, large specific surface area, and small cell-crystal shear stress.
2022, 38(7): 1272-1282
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.128
Abstract:
In this work, a double-layered fluorescent nanomaterial YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG (PEG=polyethylene glycol) was constructed by using hydrothermal and microwave methods, to improve the hydrophobicity and fluorescence properties of rare-earth phosphates. Firstly, the core-shell nano-luminescent material YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4 was prepared by adjusting the molar ratio of YPO4: Sm3+ and YPO4 to prepare the core-shell structure with various ratios of core diameter and shell thickness, and the optimal molar ratio was obtained. YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG was prepared with PEG as the coating. The structure, morphology, and fluorescence properties of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and fluorescence spectra. Finally, the results show that the produced nano-phosphor is a singlephase material with a tetragonal unit cell (YPO4). The product is not affected by the coating; the particles of the material had spherical morphology with a diameter of 60-100 nm, and the thickness of the coating layer was about 10-20 nm. The fluorescence intensity of YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG with the double-layered core-shell structure was more than six times stronger than that of nano-phosphor YPO4: Sm3+ without the core-shell structure. In conclusion, the double-layered fluorescent nanomaterial has hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, menanwhile enhanced fluorescence intensity of YPO4: Sm3+.
In this work, a double-layered fluorescent nanomaterial YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG (PEG=polyethylene glycol) was constructed by using hydrothermal and microwave methods, to improve the hydrophobicity and fluorescence properties of rare-earth phosphates. Firstly, the core-shell nano-luminescent material YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4 was prepared by adjusting the molar ratio of YPO4: Sm3+ and YPO4 to prepare the core-shell structure with various ratios of core diameter and shell thickness, and the optimal molar ratio was obtained. YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG was prepared with PEG as the coating. The structure, morphology, and fluorescence properties of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and fluorescence spectra. Finally, the results show that the produced nano-phosphor is a singlephase material with a tetragonal unit cell (YPO4). The product is not affected by the coating; the particles of the material had spherical morphology with a diameter of 60-100 nm, and the thickness of the coating layer was about 10-20 nm. The fluorescence intensity of YPO4: Sm3+@YPO4@PEG with the double-layered core-shell structure was more than six times stronger than that of nano-phosphor YPO4: Sm3+ without the core-shell structure. In conclusion, the double-layered fluorescent nanomaterial has hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, menanwhile enhanced fluorescence intensity of YPO4: Sm3+.
2022, 38(7): 1283-1290
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.131
Abstract:
Here, polyhedral nickel-tungsten oxide (NiWO) precursor was prepared on nickel foam via the one-step hydrothermal method, and then it was phosphatized at different temperatures to obtain the plate nickel-tungsten phosphide (NiWP)@polyhedral NiWO composite electrocatalyst. The results showed that optimizing phosphating temperature can significantly improve the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of the plate NiWP@polyhedron NiWO. When the phosphating temperature was 450℃, it exhibited excellent hydrogen evolution catalyt-ic activity with an overpotential of 115 mV to achieve 10 mA·cm-2. The Tafel slope was 85 mV·dec-1, which was similar to Pt. In addition, the 24 h long-term stability test showed that the electrocatalyst had good stability. This excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that the plate NiWP@polyhedral NiWO composite structure increases the catalytic active area, reduces the charge/mass transfer resistance, accelerates the electron transfer rate, and increases the reaction kinetics performance.
Here, polyhedral nickel-tungsten oxide (NiWO) precursor was prepared on nickel foam via the one-step hydrothermal method, and then it was phosphatized at different temperatures to obtain the plate nickel-tungsten phosphide (NiWP)@polyhedral NiWO composite electrocatalyst. The results showed that optimizing phosphating temperature can significantly improve the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of the plate NiWP@polyhedron NiWO. When the phosphating temperature was 450℃, it exhibited excellent hydrogen evolution catalyt-ic activity with an overpotential of 115 mV to achieve 10 mA·cm-2. The Tafel slope was 85 mV·dec-1, which was similar to Pt. In addition, the 24 h long-term stability test showed that the electrocatalyst had good stability. This excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that the plate NiWP@polyhedral NiWO composite structure increases the catalytic active area, reduces the charge/mass transfer resistance, accelerates the electron transfer rate, and increases the reaction kinetics performance.
2022, 38(7): 1291-1298
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.137
Abstract:
Three novel Schiff-base fluorescent probes, 2-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane- 1, 3-diol (L1), 2-((5-chloro-2-hydro-xybenzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (L2), and 2-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1, 3-diol (L3), were designed and synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and HRMS. The results of the spectral analysis showed that probe L2 was more selective and sensitive to Zn2+ than probes L1 and L3. The detection limit of L2 was found to be 11.96 nmol·L-1, which was far lower than the limit value of Zn2+ in drinking water, 1.0 mg·L-1 (about 15 μmol· L-1), stipulated in the national standard GB5749-2006. There was a good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of probe L2 and the concentration of Zn2+ in a range of 0 to 10 μmol·L-1. Meanwhile, the singlecrystal structure of complex[Zn(C11H13ClNO4)2] (L2-Zn2+) and the Job's plot revealed a 2:1 L2-Zn2+ identification. Moreover, probe L2 could detect Zn2+ in actual water samples.
Three novel Schiff-base fluorescent probes, 2-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane- 1, 3-diol (L1), 2-((5-chloro-2-hydro-xybenzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (L2), and 2-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzylidene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1, 3-diol (L3), were designed and synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and HRMS. The results of the spectral analysis showed that probe L2 was more selective and sensitive to Zn2+ than probes L1 and L3. The detection limit of L2 was found to be 11.96 nmol·L-1, which was far lower than the limit value of Zn2+ in drinking water, 1.0 mg·L-1 (about 15 μmol· L-1), stipulated in the national standard GB5749-2006. There was a good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of probe L2 and the concentration of Zn2+ in a range of 0 to 10 μmol·L-1. Meanwhile, the singlecrystal structure of complex[Zn(C11H13ClNO4)2] (L2-Zn2+) and the Job's plot revealed a 2:1 L2-Zn2+ identification. Moreover, probe L2 could detect Zn2+ in actual water samples.
2022, 38(7): 1299-1308
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.144
Abstract:
It is still a big challenge to efficiently catalyze cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxide under the mild condition of atmospheric pressure and low temperature. Herein, a family of novel ionic polymers IP1-IP3 has been facilely synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction between the precursors of N-trimethylsilyl imidazole and dihalides with different functional groups to form repeating C-N bonds. IP1-IP3 have been fully characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy dispersive spectrum mapping, specific surface area and porosity analyses, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ionic polymers IP1-IP3 efficiently catalyzed the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides to afford cyclic carbonates at pCO2=101 kPa, but their catalytic activities varied with the spacers with different functional groups. Among the three ionic polymers, IP3 with a phenolic hydroxyl as the spacer showed the best catalytic performance. Under the optimized conditions of solvent-free, 80℃, 12 h, and pCO2=101 kPa, IP3 could quantitatively convert epichlorohydrin into its corresponding cyclic carbonate and showed broad substrate scope. Furthermore, IP3 could be recycled and reused 10 times without an obvious decrease in catalytic activity (Yield>92%), which indicates excellent stability.
It is still a big challenge to efficiently catalyze cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxide under the mild condition of atmospheric pressure and low temperature. Herein, a family of novel ionic polymers IP1-IP3 has been facilely synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction between the precursors of N-trimethylsilyl imidazole and dihalides with different functional groups to form repeating C-N bonds. IP1-IP3 have been fully characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy dispersive spectrum mapping, specific surface area and porosity analyses, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ionic polymers IP1-IP3 efficiently catalyzed the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides to afford cyclic carbonates at pCO2=101 kPa, but their catalytic activities varied with the spacers with different functional groups. Among the three ionic polymers, IP3 with a phenolic hydroxyl as the spacer showed the best catalytic performance. Under the optimized conditions of solvent-free, 80℃, 12 h, and pCO2=101 kPa, IP3 could quantitatively convert epichlorohydrin into its corresponding cyclic carbonate and showed broad substrate scope. Furthermore, IP3 could be recycled and reused 10 times without an obvious decrease in catalytic activity (Yield>92%), which indicates excellent stability.
2022, 38(7): 1309-1316
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.149
Abstract:
3-Methyl-2-aminopyridine (L1) and 5-bromo-2-aminopyridine (L2) were used as ligands respectively, and two novel binuclear copper(Ⅱ) complexes, [Cu2(CH3COO)4(L1)2] (1) and[Cu2(CH3COO)4(L2)2] (2), have been synthesized by the reaction of the above-mentioned ligands with anhydrous cupric acetate in ethanol solution. The two copper(Ⅱ)complexes were characterized by the methods of melting point, FT -IR, UV -Vis, fluorescence spectra, and HRMS. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which indicates that 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with Pbca space group, while 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with P21/n space group. Each of the two binuclear Cu(Ⅱ) complexes contains two copper center cations, four acetate ions, and two L1 or L2 ligands. Each acetate acts as a bridging ligand and coordinates to two Cu(Ⅱ) cations forming a cagelike structure. Each Cu(Ⅱ) cation in complexes 1 or 2 is pentacoordinate to one N atom in one pyridine ring and four O atoms in four acetate ions, and the geometries around Cu(Ⅱ) in 1 or 2 are distorted square pyramid. The antibacterial activities of 1 and 2 were investigated by the agar diffusion method, and the result indicated that 1 and 2 had good antibacterial inhibiting effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. And their antioxidant activities were valued using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) method, which showed that both of them possessed good scavenging capability on DPPH·. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of 1 and 2 were studied by the cyclic voltammetry method, and the results indicate that 1 and 2 showed quasi-reversible redox processes.
3-Methyl-2-aminopyridine (L1) and 5-bromo-2-aminopyridine (L2) were used as ligands respectively, and two novel binuclear copper(Ⅱ) complexes, [Cu2(CH3COO)4(L1)2] (1) and[Cu2(CH3COO)4(L2)2] (2), have been synthesized by the reaction of the above-mentioned ligands with anhydrous cupric acetate in ethanol solution. The two copper(Ⅱ)complexes were characterized by the methods of melting point, FT -IR, UV -Vis, fluorescence spectra, and HRMS. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which indicates that 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with Pbca space group, while 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with P21/n space group. Each of the two binuclear Cu(Ⅱ) complexes contains two copper center cations, four acetate ions, and two L1 or L2 ligands. Each acetate acts as a bridging ligand and coordinates to two Cu(Ⅱ) cations forming a cagelike structure. Each Cu(Ⅱ) cation in complexes 1 or 2 is pentacoordinate to one N atom in one pyridine ring and four O atoms in four acetate ions, and the geometries around Cu(Ⅱ) in 1 or 2 are distorted square pyramid. The antibacterial activities of 1 and 2 were investigated by the agar diffusion method, and the result indicated that 1 and 2 had good antibacterial inhibiting effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. And their antioxidant activities were valued using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) method, which showed that both of them possessed good scavenging capability on DPPH·. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of 1 and 2 were studied by the cyclic voltammetry method, and the results indicate that 1 and 2 showed quasi-reversible redox processes.
2022, 38(7): 1317-1326
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.127
Abstract:
In this paper, carboxyl and amino-modified carbon dots (C-N-CDs) were prepared with citric acid and ethylenediamine by hydrothermal reaction, which have excellent particle size regulation of barium sulfate: the average particle size of BaSO4 particles prepared by the precipitation method can be reduced to 45.3 nm, which is smaller than the average particle size of BaSO4 particles prepared by traditional complexing agent ethylenediaminetetraace-tic acid (EDTA) regulation under the same conditions (73.7 nm). The as-prepared nano BaSO4 sample showed an excellent nano-toughening effect when added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. The chemical properties, surface electrical properties, and spatial site resistance of C-N-CDs were found to be important factors influencing the size of BaSO4 particles.
In this paper, carboxyl and amino-modified carbon dots (C-N-CDs) were prepared with citric acid and ethylenediamine by hydrothermal reaction, which have excellent particle size regulation of barium sulfate: the average particle size of BaSO4 particles prepared by the precipitation method can be reduced to 45.3 nm, which is smaller than the average particle size of BaSO4 particles prepared by traditional complexing agent ethylenediaminetetraace-tic acid (EDTA) regulation under the same conditions (73.7 nm). The as-prepared nano BaSO4 sample showed an excellent nano-toughening effect when added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. The chemical properties, surface electrical properties, and spatial site resistance of C-N-CDs were found to be important factors influencing the size of BaSO4 particles.
2022, 38(7): 1327-1336
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.132
Abstract:
Hierarchical nitrogen-doped porous carbon-supported cobalt nanoparticles (Co/HNPC) with a high specific surface area were used for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction of furfural (FF). The experimental results showed that Co/HNPC achieved 97.6% FF conversion and 95.3% furfuryl alcohol (FOL) selectivity at 120℃ and 4 h under mild conditions. The excellent catalytic performance is mainly determined by the synergy between the metal and HNPC support, as well as the loading of the metal itself. Furthermore, the stability of Co/HNPC catalyst was also enhanced due to the high specific surface area and N doping of HNPC support.
Hierarchical nitrogen-doped porous carbon-supported cobalt nanoparticles (Co/HNPC) with a high specific surface area were used for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction of furfural (FF). The experimental results showed that Co/HNPC achieved 97.6% FF conversion and 95.3% furfuryl alcohol (FOL) selectivity at 120℃ and 4 h under mild conditions. The excellent catalytic performance is mainly determined by the synergy between the metal and HNPC support, as well as the loading of the metal itself. Furthermore, the stability of Co/HNPC catalyst was also enhanced due to the high specific surface area and N doping of HNPC support.
2022, 38(7): 1337-1349
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.106
Abstract:
Transition metal phosphides as cocatalysts have been widely used in electrocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage. But its stability in water medium is seldom studied. Nickel phosphide (NixP) was synthesized and the reaction of NixP with H2O was studied in detail. The results showed that serious corrosion of NixP occurred when NixP was dispersed in the water while H2 was generated. At the same time, the corrosion products of PO43- and Ni2+ ions were detected. Such NixP corrosion in water is highly dependent on NixP crystal structure and components. The deposition of NiO, ZnO, and TiO2 metal oxide protective layer on NixP can improve the anticorrosion ability of NixP in the aqueous medium.
Transition metal phosphides as cocatalysts have been widely used in electrocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage. But its stability in water medium is seldom studied. Nickel phosphide (NixP) was synthesized and the reaction of NixP with H2O was studied in detail. The results showed that serious corrosion of NixP occurred when NixP was dispersed in the water while H2 was generated. At the same time, the corrosion products of PO43- and Ni2+ ions were detected. Such NixP corrosion in water is highly dependent on NixP crystal structure and components. The deposition of NiO, ZnO, and TiO2 metal oxide protective layer on NixP can improve the anticorrosion ability of NixP in the aqueous medium.
2022, 38(7): 1350-1360
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.146
Abstract:
In this study, a series of hierarchical β zeolites were prepared from the parent zeolites (β-60 and β-150) by one/two-step surfactant-templating method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant. The physicochemical properties of the hierarchical β zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption test, and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) test. The results show that the mesopore volume of the hierarchical β zeolites prepared in one step was increased by more than 3 times, and the mesopore volume of hierarchical β zeolites prepared in two steps was increased by more than 1 time compared with the parent zeolite. Furthermore, the hydrocracking catalysts were prepared by loading WO3 onto these hierarchical β zeolites, and their catalytic performance in the hydrocracking of tetralin to benzene (B), toluene (T), and xylene (X) was investigated. Taking β-60 as the parent zeolite, the mesopores of the hierarchically porous β zeolite obtained after one-step or two-step treatment were both disordered, and BTX yields reached 53% and 51%, respectively. However, taking β-150 as the parent zeolite, the mesopores of the hierarchical β zeolites prepared by the one-step method were disordered, while the mesopores of the samples prepared by the two-step method were ordered. The highest yield of BTX prepared by the one-step method was 46%, and that prepared by the two-step method was 50%. Therefore, the catalytic performance of hydrocracking catalyst prepared from hierarchical β zeolites was determined by the mesopore content and degree of order.
In this study, a series of hierarchical β zeolites were prepared from the parent zeolites (β-60 and β-150) by one/two-step surfactant-templating method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant. The physicochemical properties of the hierarchical β zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption test, and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) test. The results show that the mesopore volume of the hierarchical β zeolites prepared in one step was increased by more than 3 times, and the mesopore volume of hierarchical β zeolites prepared in two steps was increased by more than 1 time compared with the parent zeolite. Furthermore, the hydrocracking catalysts were prepared by loading WO3 onto these hierarchical β zeolites, and their catalytic performance in the hydrocracking of tetralin to benzene (B), toluene (T), and xylene (X) was investigated. Taking β-60 as the parent zeolite, the mesopores of the hierarchically porous β zeolite obtained after one-step or two-step treatment were both disordered, and BTX yields reached 53% and 51%, respectively. However, taking β-150 as the parent zeolite, the mesopores of the hierarchical β zeolites prepared by the one-step method were disordered, while the mesopores of the samples prepared by the two-step method were ordered. The highest yield of BTX prepared by the one-step method was 46%, and that prepared by the two-step method was 50%. Therefore, the catalytic performance of hydrocracking catalyst prepared from hierarchical β zeolites was determined by the mesopore content and degree of order.
2022, 38(7): 1361-1366
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.142
Abstract:
A novel blue-emitting phosphor Sr7Zr(PO4)6: xEu2+was synthesized for the first time via a traditional solidstate reaction method. Phase purity and luminescence properties of these phosphors were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, UV -Vis spectra, and fluorescence spectra. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the pure phase of Eu2+ doped Sr7Zr(PO4)6 materials and they could be efficiently pumped by the near-ultraviolet (NUV) light region from 200 to 400 nm. Excited by 315 nm, Sr7Zr(PO4)6: xEu2+ exhibited a strong and broad emission band ranging from 380 to 480 nm with a maximum peak at 415 nm. The concentration quenching mechanism of Eu2+ in Sr7Zr(PO4)6 was electric dipole-electric dipole interaction, and the critical distance for energy transfer was 2.71 nm. The optimal con-centration of Eu2+ was 0.05 and the corresponding CIE chromaticity coordinate was (0.164, 0.021), exhibiting higher color purity than commercial BaMgAl10O17: Eu2+ (BAM) blue phosphor.
A novel blue-emitting phosphor Sr7Zr(PO4)6: xEu2+was synthesized for the first time via a traditional solidstate reaction method. Phase purity and luminescence properties of these phosphors were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, UV -Vis spectra, and fluorescence spectra. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the pure phase of Eu2+ doped Sr7Zr(PO4)6 materials and they could be efficiently pumped by the near-ultraviolet (NUV) light region from 200 to 400 nm. Excited by 315 nm, Sr7Zr(PO4)6: xEu2+ exhibited a strong and broad emission band ranging from 380 to 480 nm with a maximum peak at 415 nm. The concentration quenching mechanism of Eu2+ in Sr7Zr(PO4)6 was electric dipole-electric dipole interaction, and the critical distance for energy transfer was 2.71 nm. The optimal con-centration of Eu2+ was 0.05 and the corresponding CIE chromaticity coordinate was (0.164, 0.021), exhibiting higher color purity than commercial BaMgAl10O17: Eu2+ (BAM) blue phosphor.
2022, 38(7): 1367-1374
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.140
Abstract:
For developing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density, coordination polymers (CPs), as the electrode materials for LIBs, have attracted considerable attention from researchers. Herein, [Cd(tfbdc) (Im)4] (Cd-TBI), a one-dimensional (1D) CP, was synthesized by the reaction of CdCl2, imidazole (Im), and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid (H2tfbdc), and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectrum, and thermogravimetric analysis. In Cd-TBI, tfbdc2- anions bridged Cd(Ⅱ) ions to form a 1D chain structure. These 1D chains are linked to each other by the hydrogen bonds to produce a 3D supramolecular framework. The electrochemical performances of Cd-TBI as an anode material of LIBs were investigated for the first time. Cd-TBI electrode delivered the discharge capacity of 150 mAh·g-1 at 50 mA·g-1 after 50 cycles, along with the capacity retention of 95.7% and Coulombic efficiency of 99.2%, indicating it has excellent cycling stability. Even at 1 A·g-1, the Cd-TBI electrode also kept the discharge capacity of 97 mAh·g-1.
For developing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density, coordination polymers (CPs), as the electrode materials for LIBs, have attracted considerable attention from researchers. Herein, [Cd(tfbdc) (Im)4] (Cd-TBI), a one-dimensional (1D) CP, was synthesized by the reaction of CdCl2, imidazole (Im), and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid (H2tfbdc), and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectrum, and thermogravimetric analysis. In Cd-TBI, tfbdc2- anions bridged Cd(Ⅱ) ions to form a 1D chain structure. These 1D chains are linked to each other by the hydrogen bonds to produce a 3D supramolecular framework. The electrochemical performances of Cd-TBI as an anode material of LIBs were investigated for the first time. Cd-TBI electrode delivered the discharge capacity of 150 mAh·g-1 at 50 mA·g-1 after 50 cycles, along with the capacity retention of 95.7% and Coulombic efficiency of 99.2%, indicating it has excellent cycling stability. Even at 1 A·g-1, the Cd-TBI electrode also kept the discharge capacity of 97 mAh·g-1.
2022, 38(7): 1375-1381
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.143
Abstract:
The inward radially hollow structure TiN particles (IRHTiNs) was designed and synthesized by using the hard-template method and combined with sulfur (S) to prepare lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB) cathodes. Subsequently, the structure and composition of IRHTiNs and IRHTiNs/S composite cathodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the electrochemical test process, compared with the C cathodes, LSB using the IRHTiNs cathodes exhibited a high original specific capacity of 1 256 mAh·g-1, the capacity fading rate was significantly reduced, and the LSB performance was significantly improved.
The inward radially hollow structure TiN particles (IRHTiNs) was designed and synthesized by using the hard-template method and combined with sulfur (S) to prepare lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB) cathodes. Subsequently, the structure and composition of IRHTiNs and IRHTiNs/S composite cathodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the electrochemical test process, compared with the C cathodes, LSB using the IRHTiNs cathodes exhibited a high original specific capacity of 1 256 mAh·g-1, the capacity fading rate was significantly reduced, and the LSB performance was significantly improved.
2022, 38(7): 1382-1390
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.141
Abstract:
By using rare earth salt of DyCl3·6H2O, a bidentate ligand of tmphen and the block of[MoⅢ(CN)7]4-, a dysprosium heptanuclear cluster was self-assembled with the formula of[DyⅢ7(tmphen)12O6(OH)6Cl2] [MoⅥ(tmphen) O(CN)3]6Cl7·66H2O (1, tmphen=3, 4, 7, 8-tetramethyl-1, 10-phenanthroline), which was characterized structurally and magnetically. The crystal structure shows that compound 1 is dominated by a disc-like structure of dysprosium heptanuclear. The[MoⅢ(CN)7]4- block was oxidized and decomposed, forming[MoⅥ(tmphen) O (CN)3]+ cations free in the lattice. Besides, weak π-π interactions are found between aromatic rings of tmphen. The direct-current (dc) magnetic susceptibility indicated this compound had no hysteresis loop at low temperatures due to the existence of the quantum tunneling relaxation path. The alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptibility, however, illustrated that the compound exhibited slow magnetic relaxation under zero field, showing the properties of a single-molecule magnet, with an effective barrier of 51.6 K (35.8 cm-1, τ0=17 μs).
By using rare earth salt of DyCl3·6H2O, a bidentate ligand of tmphen and the block of[MoⅢ(CN)7]4-, a dysprosium heptanuclear cluster was self-assembled with the formula of[DyⅢ7(tmphen)12O6(OH)6Cl2] [MoⅥ(tmphen) O(CN)3]6Cl7·66H2O (1, tmphen=3, 4, 7, 8-tetramethyl-1, 10-phenanthroline), which was characterized structurally and magnetically. The crystal structure shows that compound 1 is dominated by a disc-like structure of dysprosium heptanuclear. The[MoⅢ(CN)7]4- block was oxidized and decomposed, forming[MoⅥ(tmphen) O (CN)3]+ cations free in the lattice. Besides, weak π-π interactions are found between aromatic rings of tmphen. The direct-current (dc) magnetic susceptibility indicated this compound had no hysteresis loop at low temperatures due to the existence of the quantum tunneling relaxation path. The alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptibility, however, illustrated that the compound exhibited slow magnetic relaxation under zero field, showing the properties of a single-molecule magnet, with an effective barrier of 51.6 K (35.8 cm-1, τ0=17 μs).
2022, 38(7): 1391-1401
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.118
Abstract:
The structural feature and electronic property of Ca2B4, as well as its potential for hydrogen storage, have been studied using density functional theory. The first, second, and fourth low-lying isomers Ca2B4 10, Ca2B4 02, and Ca2B4 10 have high stabilities in thermodynamics and can adsorb 12, 12, and 10 H2 molecules with respective H2 gravimetric uptake capacity of 16.3%, 16.3%, and 14.0%, which far exceeds the target (5.5%) proposed by the US department of energy (DOE). The average absorption energies per H2 molecule are in the range of 0.58-4.21 eV for Ca2B4 01(H2)12, 0.54-3.69 eV for Ca2B4 02(H2)12, and 0.10-0.12 eV for Ca2B4 04(H2)10. Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic (BOMD) simulations indicate Ca2B4 01 and Ca2B4 02 are promising candidates for adsorbing hydrogen, but Ca2B4 04 is not. The results of hydrogen adsorption energies with Gibbs free energy correction indicate that 12 H2 molecules on Ca2B4 01 and Ca2B4 02 are energetically favorable with a wide range of temperatures at 101 325 Pa.
The structural feature and electronic property of Ca2B4, as well as its potential for hydrogen storage, have been studied using density functional theory. The first, second, and fourth low-lying isomers Ca2B4 10, Ca2B4 02, and Ca2B4 10 have high stabilities in thermodynamics and can adsorb 12, 12, and 10 H2 molecules with respective H2 gravimetric uptake capacity of 16.3%, 16.3%, and 14.0%, which far exceeds the target (5.5%) proposed by the US department of energy (DOE). The average absorption energies per H2 molecule are in the range of 0.58-4.21 eV for Ca2B4 01(H2)12, 0.54-3.69 eV for Ca2B4 02(H2)12, and 0.10-0.12 eV for Ca2B4 04(H2)10. Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic (BOMD) simulations indicate Ca2B4 01 and Ca2B4 02 are promising candidates for adsorbing hydrogen, but Ca2B4 04 is not. The results of hydrogen adsorption energies with Gibbs free energy correction indicate that 12 H2 molecules on Ca2B4 01 and Ca2B4 02 are energetically favorable with a wide range of temperatures at 101 325 Pa.
2022, 38(7): 1402-1410
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.139
Abstract:
In this paper, Ce1-xMgxO2 (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) solid solution catalytic materials with different molar ratios were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. These materials were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption test, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) and other techniques. It was found that the particle size, specific surface area, surface defects, etc. of the prepared Ce1-xMgxO2 catalytic materials can be tuned by regulating the content of Mg in the CeO2 lattice. Among them, Ce0.90Mg0.10O2 exhibited the best surface properties, with the smallest average particle size of about 5.8 nm, the largest specific surface area of about 136 m2·g-1, and the highest surface oxygen content (31.98%). Ce1-xMgxO2 catalytic material was coated on the cordierite honeycomb ceramic to make a monolithic catalyst, and its catalytic performance for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and CH3OH was investigated. Under the conditions of 140℃, 2.4 MPa, and 2 h reaction, the yield of dimethyl carbonate on Ce0.90Mg0.10O2 monolith catalyst was as high as 20.21%, and the catalytic activity was significantly higher than that of CeO2 and other Ce1-xMgxO2 (x=0.05, 0.15, 0.20) catalytic materials.
In this paper, Ce1-xMgxO2 (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) solid solution catalytic materials with different molar ratios were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. These materials were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption test, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) and other techniques. It was found that the particle size, specific surface area, surface defects, etc. of the prepared Ce1-xMgxO2 catalytic materials can be tuned by regulating the content of Mg in the CeO2 lattice. Among them, Ce0.90Mg0.10O2 exhibited the best surface properties, with the smallest average particle size of about 5.8 nm, the largest specific surface area of about 136 m2·g-1, and the highest surface oxygen content (31.98%). Ce1-xMgxO2 catalytic material was coated on the cordierite honeycomb ceramic to make a monolithic catalyst, and its catalytic performance for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and CH3OH was investigated. Under the conditions of 140℃, 2.4 MPa, and 2 h reaction, the yield of dimethyl carbonate on Ce0.90Mg0.10O2 monolith catalyst was as high as 20.21%, and the catalytic activity was significantly higher than that of CeO2 and other Ce1-xMgxO2 (x=0.05, 0.15, 0.20) catalytic materials.
2022, 38(7): 1411-1420
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.145
Abstract:
A kind of binary Ni-Mn oxide (Ni6MnO8) micromotors were prepared by hydrothermal method followed by high-temperature annealing. The obtained binary Ni-Mn oxides showed obvious needle-punched shapes and hollow structures that can be used as micromotors. These binary Ni-Mn oxide micromotors displayed powerful propulsion at a low fuel level (H2O2 mass fraction: 1%), with a speed of over 83.75 μm·s-1 and a long lifetime of up to 90 min. Even in an extremely low mass fraction of H2O2 (0.4%), the micromotors could also perform excellent autonomous locomotion. Due to the presence of Ni oxide, the micromotors could perform the directional movement by magnetic manipulation. Benefiting from excellent catalytic and magnetic properties, the obtained Ni6MnO8 micromotors could effectively remove methylene blue within 160 s by adsorption without secondary pollution.
A kind of binary Ni-Mn oxide (Ni6MnO8) micromotors were prepared by hydrothermal method followed by high-temperature annealing. The obtained binary Ni-Mn oxides showed obvious needle-punched shapes and hollow structures that can be used as micromotors. These binary Ni-Mn oxide micromotors displayed powerful propulsion at a low fuel level (H2O2 mass fraction: 1%), with a speed of over 83.75 μm·s-1 and a long lifetime of up to 90 min. Even in an extremely low mass fraction of H2O2 (0.4%), the micromotors could also perform excellent autonomous locomotion. Due to the presence of Ni oxide, the micromotors could perform the directional movement by magnetic manipulation. Benefiting from excellent catalytic and magnetic properties, the obtained Ni6MnO8 micromotors could effectively remove methylene blue within 160 s by adsorption without secondary pollution.
2022, 38(7): 1421-1432
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.147
Abstract:
Two single water-bridged Co(Ⅱ)/Ni(Ⅱ) chains coordination polymers, namely[Co(m-H2tpta)(H2O)3]n (1) and {[Ni2(p-tpta)(H2O)6]·2H2O}n (2) were synthesized based on isomeric terphenyl-2, 2″, 4, 4″-tetracarboxylic acid (m-H4tpta and p-H4tpta) ligands under hydrothermal conditions. They have been structurally characterized by FT-IR, elemen- tal analysis, single-crystal, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, the central metal ions display slightly distorted octahedral geometries in 1 and 2, and are linked to 1D metal chains by single bridging water molecules. The isomeric H4tpta ligands coordinate metal ions in differentμ1-η1: η0: η1: η0 and μ4-η1: η1: η1: η1 coordination modes, leading to the formation of 1D chain and 3D network structure. Complex 2 displays a 3D network with (4, 4)-connected NbO net topology. Magnetically, complex 1 exhibited an antiferromagnetic interaction through μ2-H2O in the uniform Co(Ⅱ) chain model. Complex 2 also showed an antiferromagnetic coupling between Ni(Ⅱ) ions corresponding to magnetic coupling Ni-Ow-Ni angles. CCDC: 1415021, 1; 1415020, 2.
Two single water-bridged Co(Ⅱ)/Ni(Ⅱ) chains coordination polymers, namely[Co(m-H2tpta)(H2O)3]n (1) and {[Ni2(p-tpta)(H2O)6]·2H2O}n (2) were synthesized based on isomeric terphenyl-2, 2″, 4, 4″-tetracarboxylic acid (m-H4tpta and p-H4tpta) ligands under hydrothermal conditions. They have been structurally characterized by FT-IR, elemen- tal analysis, single-crystal, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, the central metal ions display slightly distorted octahedral geometries in 1 and 2, and are linked to 1D metal chains by single bridging water molecules. The isomeric H4tpta ligands coordinate metal ions in differentμ1-η1: η0: η1: η0 and μ4-η1: η1: η1: η1 coordination modes, leading to the formation of 1D chain and 3D network structure. Complex 2 displays a 3D network with (4, 4)-connected NbO net topology. Magnetically, complex 1 exhibited an antiferromagnetic interaction through μ2-H2O in the uniform Co(Ⅱ) chain model. Complex 2 also showed an antiferromagnetic coupling between Ni(Ⅱ) ions corresponding to magnetic coupling Ni-Ow-Ni angles. CCDC: 1415021, 1; 1415020, 2.
2022, 38(7): 1433-1440
doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.138
Abstract:
Herein, an interlayer was constructed on the commercial separator Celgard 2500 (PP) by doctor blade coating a mixture slurry of perovskite oxide lanthanum doped barium stannate (LBSO) that was prepared by coprecipitation method and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNT). The as-obtained modified separator was named LBSO/MCNT/PP. The lithium-sulfur battery using the modified separator delivered an initial discharge specific capacity up to 1 433 mAh·g-1 at 0.1C and a capacity decay rate of 0.114% per cycle over 300 cycles at 1C. As the current density was increased to a 3C rate, a discharge specific capacity of 764 mAh·g-1 can still be maintained, showing excellent rate capability and cycling stability, which is ascribed to the effective inhibition of the interlayer towards the shuttle of polysulfides.
Herein, an interlayer was constructed on the commercial separator Celgard 2500 (PP) by doctor blade coating a mixture slurry of perovskite oxide lanthanum doped barium stannate (LBSO) that was prepared by coprecipitation method and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNT). The as-obtained modified separator was named LBSO/MCNT/PP. The lithium-sulfur battery using the modified separator delivered an initial discharge specific capacity up to 1 433 mAh·g-1 at 0.1C and a capacity decay rate of 0.114% per cycle over 300 cycles at 1C. As the current density was increased to a 3C rate, a discharge specific capacity of 764 mAh·g-1 can still be maintained, showing excellent rate capability and cycling stability, which is ascribed to the effective inhibition of the interlayer towards the shuttle of polysulfides.
