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2020 Volume 35 Issue 3
2020, 35(3): 1-7
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201908012
Abstract:
The peptide is intrinsically bioactive, biodegradable, biocompatible, and easy to undergo chemical modification, which makes it perfect for targeted drug delivery system (DDS). The DDSs based on targeting peptides and responsive peptides are able to deliver the drug into the tumor area. After the arrival of the carrier in tumor, the accurate release is realized upon the stimulus of special microenvironment of tumor tissue or the exogenous stimulus. The carrier based on peptides can reduce the toxic and side effects and improve to the most the anti-tumor effect of drug. The present paper outlined the several classes of peptides with targeting and stimulus-responsive properties, and summarized the research progress in applications of different types of functional peptides in tumor therapy.
The peptide is intrinsically bioactive, biodegradable, biocompatible, and easy to undergo chemical modification, which makes it perfect for targeted drug delivery system (DDS). The DDSs based on targeting peptides and responsive peptides are able to deliver the drug into the tumor area. After the arrival of the carrier in tumor, the accurate release is realized upon the stimulus of special microenvironment of tumor tissue or the exogenous stimulus. The carrier based on peptides can reduce the toxic and side effects and improve to the most the anti-tumor effect of drug. The present paper outlined the several classes of peptides with targeting and stimulus-responsive properties, and summarized the research progress in applications of different types of functional peptides in tumor therapy.
2020, 35(3): 8-12
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907017
Abstract:
This paper reports the teaching reform of inorganic synthesis chemistry aiming at innovative spirit cultivation and scientific ability training. In this reform, the specialized course was taken as the carrier to cultivate undergraduates' innovative spirit and scientific research ability, to enhance their dominant role in learning, to cultivate their quality of “diligent in thinking, dare to doubt and innovate”, and to promote the cultivation of ability and habit of continuous self-learning. The reform has obtained some results, and the classroom teaching has got effective extension.
This paper reports the teaching reform of inorganic synthesis chemistry aiming at innovative spirit cultivation and scientific ability training. In this reform, the specialized course was taken as the carrier to cultivate undergraduates' innovative spirit and scientific research ability, to enhance their dominant role in learning, to cultivate their quality of “diligent in thinking, dare to doubt and innovate”, and to promote the cultivation of ability and habit of continuous self-learning. The reform has obtained some results, and the classroom teaching has got effective extension.
2020, 35(3): 13-20
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907020
Abstract:
Intelligent classroom based on modern information technology has become the right-hand man in teaching, but its application in basic chemistry is still in its infancy. The practical process and availability of intelligent classroom have been explored from two aspects of the theoretical knowledge and experiment skills in analytical chemistry teaching, which aims to guide students to build a systematic knowledge system and achieve a complete learning under the fragmented teaching model. Furthermore, students can obtain scientific consciousness and standard operation skills within limited class hours.
Intelligent classroom based on modern information technology has become the right-hand man in teaching, but its application in basic chemistry is still in its infancy. The practical process and availability of intelligent classroom have been explored from two aspects of the theoretical knowledge and experiment skills in analytical chemistry teaching, which aims to guide students to build a systematic knowledge system and achieve a complete learning under the fragmented teaching model. Furthermore, students can obtain scientific consciousness and standard operation skills within limited class hours.
2020, 35(3): 21-25
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907034
Abstract:
Reform of teaching mode with advanced teaching tools is an important research in practice of smarter education. In this article, teaching mode of general chemistry is reformed within the help of Weizhujiao teaching platform in order to improve student learning initiative and help the flow of information during teaching-learning process, providing four guidelines for practice and valuable case study.
Reform of teaching mode with advanced teaching tools is an important research in practice of smarter education. In this article, teaching mode of general chemistry is reformed within the help of Weizhujiao teaching platform in order to improve student learning initiative and help the flow of information during teaching-learning process, providing four guidelines for practice and valuable case study.
2020, 35(3): 26-31
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907001
Abstract:
Aiming at the problem of the disconnection between theoretical teaching and laboratory course in physical chemistry, we propose teaching mode between theoretical teaching and laboratory course based on the author's teaching reform and exploration. It has been proved that combination of theoretical and laboratory teaching could stimulate students' subjective initiative in learning, and deepen the understanding of knowledge points. It will significantly improve students' ability to analyze problems, solve problems and innovate ability.
Aiming at the problem of the disconnection between theoretical teaching and laboratory course in physical chemistry, we propose teaching mode between theoretical teaching and laboratory course based on the author's teaching reform and exploration. It has been proved that combination of theoretical and laboratory teaching could stimulate students' subjective initiative in learning, and deepen the understanding of knowledge points. It will significantly improve students' ability to analyze problems, solve problems and innovate ability.
2020, 35(3): 32-36
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907038
Abstract:
In this paper, PBL method is applied to basic laboratory course for chemical analysis. The course design and practice process based on PBL teaching method are elaborated in detail. Moreover, experience, deficiency and prospect for the application of PBL method in this laboratory course are summarized and reviewed in the paper. The results of teaching practice show that the PBL method can make students become the main body of the laboratory teaching process of basic laboratory course for chemical analysis, which can effectively improve the students' learning enthusiasm, laboratory practical ability and self-learning ability.
In this paper, PBL method is applied to basic laboratory course for chemical analysis. The course design and practice process based on PBL teaching method are elaborated in detail. Moreover, experience, deficiency and prospect for the application of PBL method in this laboratory course are summarized and reviewed in the paper. The results of teaching practice show that the PBL method can make students become the main body of the laboratory teaching process of basic laboratory course for chemical analysis, which can effectively improve the students' learning enthusiasm, laboratory practical ability and self-learning ability.
2020, 35(3): 37-40
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907030
Abstract:
This paper summarized the practice and experience of instrumental analysis laboratory teaching in English in Tianjin University under the background of higher education internationalization. It included aspects of teaching content, selection of teaching materials, teaching staff training, teaching methods and assessment methods.
This paper summarized the practice and experience of instrumental analysis laboratory teaching in English in Tianjin University under the background of higher education internationalization. It included aspects of teaching content, selection of teaching materials, teaching staff training, teaching methods and assessment methods.
2020, 35(3): 41-46
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201908024
Abstract:
Due to emphasizing the abstractness and logic, Physical Chemistry is deemed as one of the most difficult subject for both chemistry and non-chemistry majors, which involved strong background of higher mathematics. Here, we try to discuss the teaching and learning issues related to this subject, and explore the solution to improving the teaching-learning efficiency.
Due to emphasizing the abstractness and logic, Physical Chemistry is deemed as one of the most difficult subject for both chemistry and non-chemistry majors, which involved strong background of higher mathematics. Here, we try to discuss the teaching and learning issues related to this subject, and explore the solution to improving the teaching-learning efficiency.
More in-Depth “Photography” Technology: The Development and Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging
2020, 35(3): 47-53
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907028
Abstract:
Mass spectrometry imaging is a frontier research field derived from the development of mass spectrometry. It is the combination of mass spectrometry and imaging techniques, which can get the molecular structure information and the spatial distribution information at the same time without labeling. Mass spectrometry imaging has tremendous applications in the fields of biomedicine, clinical medicine, pathology and life science research for the analyzing of small molecules, peptides, metabolites, etc.
Mass spectrometry imaging is a frontier research field derived from the development of mass spectrometry. It is the combination of mass spectrometry and imaging techniques, which can get the molecular structure information and the spatial distribution information at the same time without labeling. Mass spectrometry imaging has tremendous applications in the fields of biomedicine, clinical medicine, pathology and life science research for the analyzing of small molecules, peptides, metabolites, etc.
2020, 35(3): 54-56
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907040
Abstract:
From the perspective of chemistry, this paper popularized the chemical principles of processing fermented stinky tofu, and also introduced the potential influences on human health, aiming to enriching the scientific understanding of this Chinese-flavored traditional snack to readers.
From the perspective of chemistry, this paper popularized the chemical principles of processing fermented stinky tofu, and also introduced the potential influences on human health, aiming to enriching the scientific understanding of this Chinese-flavored traditional snack to readers.
2020, 35(3): 57-60
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907011
Abstract:
The 10th Chemistry Experimental Competition for undergraduates was successfully held in Beijing University of Chemical Technology. This activity can test students' mastery of chemistry laboratory skills and level. It not only exercised the students' practical ability and innovative consciousness, but also fostered their rigorous and scientific attitude. Through this platform of “Chemistry Experimental Competition for undergraduates in Beijing”, the experiences of chemistry laboratory teaching were exchanged between the universities,which can promote the reform of chemistry laboratory teaching and improve the teaching level simultaneously.
The 10th Chemistry Experimental Competition for undergraduates was successfully held in Beijing University of Chemical Technology. This activity can test students' mastery of chemistry laboratory skills and level. It not only exercised the students' practical ability and innovative consciousness, but also fostered their rigorous and scientific attitude. Through this platform of “Chemistry Experimental Competition for undergraduates in Beijing”, the experiences of chemistry laboratory teaching were exchanged between the universities,which can promote the reform of chemistry laboratory teaching and improve the teaching level simultaneously.
2020, 35(3): 61-66
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906063
Abstract:
Instrumental analysis is a required course for the students of chemistry major. The basic concepts and principles involved in this course are abstract and hard to understand. In this paper, we take gas chromatography experiment as an example to help the students to understand the knowledge by studying the effects of important parameters including column temperature, carrier gas flow-rate, injection volume, and split ratio of capillary gas chromatography on the separation resolution. These experiments could help the students to improve their abilities of analyzing and solving problems and scientific research thinking as well.
Instrumental analysis is a required course for the students of chemistry major. The basic concepts and principles involved in this course are abstract and hard to understand. In this paper, we take gas chromatography experiment as an example to help the students to understand the knowledge by studying the effects of important parameters including column temperature, carrier gas flow-rate, injection volume, and split ratio of capillary gas chromatography on the separation resolution. These experiments could help the students to improve their abilities of analyzing and solving problems and scientific research thinking as well.
2020, 35(3): 67-75
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906047
Abstract:
The surface adsorption isotherm behavior of the non-ionic surfactant Tween-80 at 25℃ was measured by the upgraded maximum bubble device. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the cross-sectional area of the hydrophilic group of Tween-80 was obtained. The advantages and disadvantages in the method were analyzed. This experiment provided a way for students to learn and analyze complex surface adsorption isotherms.
The surface adsorption isotherm behavior of the non-ionic surfactant Tween-80 at 25℃ was measured by the upgraded maximum bubble device. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the cross-sectional area of the hydrophilic group of Tween-80 was obtained. The advantages and disadvantages in the method were analyzed. This experiment provided a way for students to learn and analyze complex surface adsorption isotherms.
2020, 35(3): 76-81
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907004
Abstract:
Under the catalytic conditions of tetrahydropyrrole, an addition-elimination reaction of chromone aldehyde with methylpyrazolone or 2-indolinone is carried out to obtain two kinds of chromene derivatives containing pyrazolone or indol-2-one. The structures are identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HPLC, HRMS and melting point measurements.
Under the catalytic conditions of tetrahydropyrrole, an addition-elimination reaction of chromone aldehyde with methylpyrazolone or 2-indolinone is carried out to obtain two kinds of chromene derivatives containing pyrazolone or indol-2-one. The structures are identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HPLC, HRMS and melting point measurements.
2020, 35(3): 82-88
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907024
Abstract:
Ninhydrin was synthesized from diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate via Claisen condensation, hydrolysis, decarboxylation, nitrosation, deoximation, reduction, oxidation reaction and the possible reaction mechanisms for every unit reactions are discussed.
Ninhydrin was synthesized from diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate via Claisen condensation, hydrolysis, decarboxylation, nitrosation, deoximation, reduction, oxidation reaction and the possible reaction mechanisms for every unit reactions are discussed.
2020, 35(3): 89-93
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201907032
Abstract:
The application of SolidWorks software for design of physical chemistry experiment instruments is introduced using a design example. The design example demonstrates the power of SolidWorks software in the design of equipment. Application of the software can not only reduce the time and cost, but also improve the efficiency and effectiveness for the design.
The application of SolidWorks software for design of physical chemistry experiment instruments is introduced using a design example. The design example demonstrates the power of SolidWorks software in the design of equipment. Application of the software can not only reduce the time and cost, but also improve the efficiency and effectiveness for the design.
2020, 35(3): 94-98
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201911018
Abstract:
A new teaching model, micro-teaching, is proposed in era of information, and the new teaching design philosophy focusing on the features and the present situation of inorganic chemistry laboratory teaching, micro class platform was built by using WeChat public account to assist the classroom teaching. It solved the problem of the inorganic chemistry laboratory teaching, such as the safety training, students' preview, more contents but less lecture time, limited resource of experimental reagents, lack of the protection from toxic reagents. Through micro-teaching, experimental content diversification and demonstration operation visualization were realized. It improves students' subjective initiative in learning, strengthens their hands-on ability, standardizes the experimental procedures, facilitates students to grasp the key and difficult points of the experiment, strengthens the communication between teachers and students, meets the requirements of students at all levels, and improves the efficiency of the classroom teaching.
A new teaching model, micro-teaching, is proposed in era of information, and the new teaching design philosophy focusing on the features and the present situation of inorganic chemistry laboratory teaching, micro class platform was built by using WeChat public account to assist the classroom teaching. It solved the problem of the inorganic chemistry laboratory teaching, such as the safety training, students' preview, more contents but less lecture time, limited resource of experimental reagents, lack of the protection from toxic reagents. Through micro-teaching, experimental content diversification and demonstration operation visualization were realized. It improves students' subjective initiative in learning, strengthens their hands-on ability, standardizes the experimental procedures, facilitates students to grasp the key and difficult points of the experiment, strengthens the communication between teachers and students, meets the requirements of students at all levels, and improves the efficiency of the classroom teaching.
2020, 35(3): 99-112
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906053
Abstract:
The compulsory basic course “analytical chemistry” that is designed for the interdisciplinary training program in chemical biology has been used as an example for the proof-of-principle demonstration of in-depth teaching and learning. In this work, several important issues will be discussed in-detail, including the construction of relational knowledge structures and multi-dimensional curricular settings, in-depth learning environment with rich contents, academic engagement and progressive logic inference, combination of heuristic and flipped classroom model, analysis and research of course books, extracurricular activities, evaluation of learning processes and organization of various resources. Through the exploration of effective ways for in-depth learning and teaching of “analytical chemistry”, not only higher order of thinking skills and cognitive engagement but also the nature of subjects as well as thoughts and methods are expected to be achieved by students in the processes of motivated learning. It is aimed to boost the transformation of personal knowledge to professional accomplishments and core capabilities.
The compulsory basic course “analytical chemistry” that is designed for the interdisciplinary training program in chemical biology has been used as an example for the proof-of-principle demonstration of in-depth teaching and learning. In this work, several important issues will be discussed in-detail, including the construction of relational knowledge structures and multi-dimensional curricular settings, in-depth learning environment with rich contents, academic engagement and progressive logic inference, combination of heuristic and flipped classroom model, analysis and research of course books, extracurricular activities, evaluation of learning processes and organization of various resources. Through the exploration of effective ways for in-depth learning and teaching of “analytical chemistry”, not only higher order of thinking skills and cognitive engagement but also the nature of subjects as well as thoughts and methods are expected to be achieved by students in the processes of motivated learning. It is aimed to boost the transformation of personal knowledge to professional accomplishments and core capabilities.
2020, 35(3): 113-119
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906058
Abstract:
This paper illustrates the teaching of the undergraduate curriculum “spectral analysis” by the NMR analysis of dehydrocurvularin. Dehydrocurvularin possesses several functional groups including benzene ring, double bond, phenolic hydroxyl, carbonyl, and ester group, and showed distinct and recognizable NMR signals, which is suitable for teaching of chemical shifts, coupling constants, and 2D NMR analysis.
This paper illustrates the teaching of the undergraduate curriculum “spectral analysis” by the NMR analysis of dehydrocurvularin. Dehydrocurvularin possesses several functional groups including benzene ring, double bond, phenolic hydroxyl, carbonyl, and ester group, and showed distinct and recognizable NMR signals, which is suitable for teaching of chemical shifts, coupling constants, and 2D NMR analysis.
2020, 35(3): 120-127
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201908052
Abstract:
This in-class teaching design will facilitate students' understanding of how the basic principles and methods of physical chemistry thermodynamics are used to analyze and correct the literature data calculation process in the field of adsorption. Similarly, it will enhance the accuracy and systematicness of students' knowledge of thermodynamics, as well as promote students' interest and self-confidence in learning by employing such a creative and dynamic classroom teaching model of physical chemistry.
This in-class teaching design will facilitate students' understanding of how the basic principles and methods of physical chemistry thermodynamics are used to analyze and correct the literature data calculation process in the field of adsorption. Similarly, it will enhance the accuracy and systematicness of students' knowledge of thermodynamics, as well as promote students' interest and self-confidence in learning by employing such a creative and dynamic classroom teaching model of physical chemistry.
2020, 35(3): 128-133
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201911010
Abstract:
This paper aims to summarize the English textbooks on polymer chemistry published overseas over the last two decades. An up-to-date overview of the textbooks and importation are given, followed by a discussion of their features. This study is expected to be helpful for the selection of a proper polymer chemistry textbook in English for classroom teaching, as well as for writing a Chinese polymer chemistry textbook.
This paper aims to summarize the English textbooks on polymer chemistry published overseas over the last two decades. An up-to-date overview of the textbooks and importation are given, followed by a discussion of their features. This study is expected to be helpful for the selection of a proper polymer chemistry textbook in English for classroom teaching, as well as for writing a Chinese polymer chemistry textbook.
2020, 35(3): 134-164
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201910066
Abstract:
The tasks from the 33th Chinese Chemistry Olympiad (Preliminary Test) were analyzed and solved in detailed step-wise fashion. The requirement for an advanced chemistry knowledge background was loosened in the current tasks; more emphases were placed on the ability of deductive reasoning and comprehensive thinking. In this manuscript not only the systematic analyses for all tasks were provided, but also the readers would be guided to solve the problems by themselves in an intuitive manner. For selected tasks the scientific background and challenging bonus tasks were also introduced.
The tasks from the 33th Chinese Chemistry Olympiad (Preliminary Test) were analyzed and solved in detailed step-wise fashion. The requirement for an advanced chemistry knowledge background was loosened in the current tasks; more emphases were placed on the ability of deductive reasoning and comprehensive thinking. In this manuscript not only the systematic analyses for all tasks were provided, but also the readers would be guided to solve the problems by themselves in an intuitive manner. For selected tasks the scientific background and challenging bonus tasks were also introduced.
