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2019 Volume 34 Issue 4
2019, 34(4): 1-5
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201809007
Abstract:
Focusing on the ability cultivation issues of chemistry and chemical engineering undergraduates in laboratory teaching for innovative and entrepreneurial talent cultivating, a new chemistry experiment teaching system was constructed through the interaction of laboratory teaching contents, scientific research and social applications. In this system, experimental skill training, knowledge transferring ability training, innovation and entrepreneurship training were integrated and supported each other. In addition, this system extended from in-class studies to extracurricular practices, and kept four years innovation and entrepreneur training for the undergraduates in a continuous manner. This innovative practice teaching system has already been performed and achieved good teaching effects.
Focusing on the ability cultivation issues of chemistry and chemical engineering undergraduates in laboratory teaching for innovative and entrepreneurial talent cultivating, a new chemistry experiment teaching system was constructed through the interaction of laboratory teaching contents, scientific research and social applications. In this system, experimental skill training, knowledge transferring ability training, innovation and entrepreneurship training were integrated and supported each other. In addition, this system extended from in-class studies to extracurricular practices, and kept four years innovation and entrepreneur training for the undergraduates in a continuous manner. This innovative practice teaching system has already been performed and achieved good teaching effects.
2019, 34(4): 6-11
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201809014
Abstract:
When it comes to integration of scientific research into teaching, it is always on scientific fruits sharing, while people often overlook the importance of scientific problem in teaching. Here to improve the teaching efficiency, we have tried to introduce a specific problem encountered during our scientific achievement reaching into classroom teaching as an entry point. The students work out the solution via data consulting and classroom discussion with their learned knowledge.
When it comes to integration of scientific research into teaching, it is always on scientific fruits sharing, while people often overlook the importance of scientific problem in teaching. Here to improve the teaching efficiency, we have tried to introduce a specific problem encountered during our scientific achievement reaching into classroom teaching as an entry point. The students work out the solution via data consulting and classroom discussion with their learned knowledge.
2019, 34(4): 12-15
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201808019
Abstract:
This article aims at how "General Chemistry" course should follow up the continuous curriculum reform in high schools, while adapt to the irreversible trend of reducing the course hours in universities. Working towards the solution, we suggest that the course of "General Chemistry" changes the focus from teaching chemistry knowledge to capturing the essence of some scientific ideas and means based on the chemical concepts, principles and conclusions. Such core scientific quality-oriented education, embossing the teaching philosophy of cultivating people as the central task, can be attractive for students with different academic directions.
This article aims at how "General Chemistry" course should follow up the continuous curriculum reform in high schools, while adapt to the irreversible trend of reducing the course hours in universities. Working towards the solution, we suggest that the course of "General Chemistry" changes the focus from teaching chemistry knowledge to capturing the essence of some scientific ideas and means based on the chemical concepts, principles and conclusions. Such core scientific quality-oriented education, embossing the teaching philosophy of cultivating people as the central task, can be attractive for students with different academic directions.
2019, 34(4): 16-19
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201808033
Abstract:
The "Chemical Biology Laboratory Course" that is designed for top-notch chemical biology students, has deepened students' knowledge about the interface of chemistry and biology, as well as the related experimental skills. In this paper, we will mainly introduce several modified teaching methods of chemical biology laboratory, including but not limited to the set-up of experimental checkpoints, implementation of the flipped classroom teaching model, and the extension of experiment contents based on textbook materials. Altogether, the developed laboratory procedures stimulate classroom learning, and meet the needs and development for multi-lab experiences bridging chemistry and biology.
The "Chemical Biology Laboratory Course" that is designed for top-notch chemical biology students, has deepened students' knowledge about the interface of chemistry and biology, as well as the related experimental skills. In this paper, we will mainly introduce several modified teaching methods of chemical biology laboratory, including but not limited to the set-up of experimental checkpoints, implementation of the flipped classroom teaching model, and the extension of experiment contents based on textbook materials. Altogether, the developed laboratory procedures stimulate classroom learning, and meet the needs and development for multi-lab experiences bridging chemistry and biology.
2019, 34(4): 20-25
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201807005
Abstract:
The stereochemistry is an important and difficult part in the teaching of organic chemistry. The application of different teaching languages in stereochemistry teaching is discussed from three aspects. How to reveal the characteristics of a concept in a concise manner, especially the short description of the key elements of enantiomerism in as short as 32 words; how to use creative metaphor and figurative expressions to help vivid understanding; how to promote the intuition and improve the efficiency of study using multimedia technology.
The stereochemistry is an important and difficult part in the teaching of organic chemistry. The application of different teaching languages in stereochemistry teaching is discussed from three aspects. How to reveal the characteristics of a concept in a concise manner, especially the short description of the key elements of enantiomerism in as short as 32 words; how to use creative metaphor and figurative expressions to help vivid understanding; how to promote the intuition and improve the efficiency of study using multimedia technology.
2019, 34(4): 26-33
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201808014
Abstract:
The research-oriented course lectured in English is a valuable teaching method aimed at training professionals with high innovation abilities. As a subjected course for undergraduates majored in materials chemistry, the research-oriented course, organic materials chemistry has been taught in English for years. In order to know the English level and demands of students and our teaching effects, we design two questionnaires for the survey used at the beginning and at the end of the course, respectively. The analysis of the survey shows that the students have good English level and have desires to study the course in English. Moreover, the students are highly satisfied with our teaching effect, such as the teaching materials, English teaching, teaching contents, course syllabus, and teaching methods. The result of the survey suggests that not only the research-oriented lectures in English is feasible, but also the teaching effects is good.
The research-oriented course lectured in English is a valuable teaching method aimed at training professionals with high innovation abilities. As a subjected course for undergraduates majored in materials chemistry, the research-oriented course, organic materials chemistry has been taught in English for years. In order to know the English level and demands of students and our teaching effects, we design two questionnaires for the survey used at the beginning and at the end of the course, respectively. The analysis of the survey shows that the students have good English level and have desires to study the course in English. Moreover, the students are highly satisfied with our teaching effect, such as the teaching materials, English teaching, teaching contents, course syllabus, and teaching methods. The result of the survey suggests that not only the research-oriented lectures in English is feasible, but also the teaching effects is good.
2019, 34(4): 34-38
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201812021
Abstract:
Aiming at the mobile reading habits and information learning requirements of modern college students, a multi-information teaching mode of inorganic chemistry was constructed. The use of WeChat public address, Teachermate and QQ group work to construct this teaching mode was introduced. The practical effects of the multi-information teaching mode on inorganic chemistry were discussed, and it was found that this teaching mode can make up for the shortcomings of traditional teaching.
Aiming at the mobile reading habits and information learning requirements of modern college students, a multi-information teaching mode of inorganic chemistry was constructed. The use of WeChat public address, Teachermate and QQ group work to construct this teaching mode was introduced. The practical effects of the multi-information teaching mode on inorganic chemistry were discussed, and it was found that this teaching mode can make up for the shortcomings of traditional teaching.
2019, 34(4): 39-44
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201812001
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the construction of online open curriculum group of analytical chemistry, relying on digital resources and network platform to provide platform support for the construction of analytical chemistry teaching space, and to promote the structural reform of classroom teaching mode.
This paper focuses on the construction of online open curriculum group of analytical chemistry, relying on digital resources and network platform to provide platform support for the construction of analytical chemistry teaching space, and to promote the structural reform of classroom teaching mode.
2019, 34(4): 45-50
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201809028
Abstract:
The incorporation of the examples of scientific frontiers to course teaching is helpful for the students to accept fundamental knowledge and inspire learning interest. Photochemistry is an important content of the course of physical chemistry. However, the involvement of the relaxation of excited state makes this part of knowledge very abstract and difficult to understand. If the teachers could incorporate the application of photochemical principles in the design and mechanical investigation of fluorescent probes as the examples of the flexible application of basic knowledge, the students would get a better understanding of this part of knowledge. By the introduction about the structure and interaction mechanism of fluorescent probes, discussion about the effect of photophysical processes on fluorescent emission and overview about the research frontier based on the mechanism of fluorescent sensing, the teacher could make the students realize the practical application of the fundamental principles of physical chemistry in scientific research.
The incorporation of the examples of scientific frontiers to course teaching is helpful for the students to accept fundamental knowledge and inspire learning interest. Photochemistry is an important content of the course of physical chemistry. However, the involvement of the relaxation of excited state makes this part of knowledge very abstract and difficult to understand. If the teachers could incorporate the application of photochemical principles in the design and mechanical investigation of fluorescent probes as the examples of the flexible application of basic knowledge, the students would get a better understanding of this part of knowledge. By the introduction about the structure and interaction mechanism of fluorescent probes, discussion about the effect of photophysical processes on fluorescent emission and overview about the research frontier based on the mechanism of fluorescent sensing, the teacher could make the students realize the practical application of the fundamental principles of physical chemistry in scientific research.
2019, 34(4): 51-54
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201809018
Abstract:
Potential energy surface crossing is not only the actual channel for internal conversion and intersystem crossing, but also an important bridge between photochemistry and thermochemistry. Nonadiabatic processes via potential energy surface crossings widely exist in various biological, chemical and material systems. The authors suggest introducing the relevant contents of potential energy surface crossing into the textbook of physical chemistry, because it will not only enrich and systematize the textbook, but also help students to be more acquainted with the frontiers of scientific and technological development and motivate their interest in exploring the unknown.
Potential energy surface crossing is not only the actual channel for internal conversion and intersystem crossing, but also an important bridge between photochemistry and thermochemistry. Nonadiabatic processes via potential energy surface crossings widely exist in various biological, chemical and material systems. The authors suggest introducing the relevant contents of potential energy surface crossing into the textbook of physical chemistry, because it will not only enrich and systematize the textbook, but also help students to be more acquainted with the frontiers of scientific and technological development and motivate their interest in exploring the unknown.
2019, 34(4): 55-60
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201808002
Abstract:
A new and comprehensive chemistry experiment was introduced, which was developed based on our research work. Chiral bicyclic imidazole nucleophilic catalysts were synthesized from the readily available starting materials, imidazole and acrolein, and were separated easily by kinetic resolution using Nov435. The structures were identified by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, melting point measurements and optical rotations. This experiment covers training in experimental skills such as synthesis, structural characterization and optical purity measurements. This is not only beneficial to improve the comprehensive experimental ability of the students but also broadens their vision.
A new and comprehensive chemistry experiment was introduced, which was developed based on our research work. Chiral bicyclic imidazole nucleophilic catalysts were synthesized from the readily available starting materials, imidazole and acrolein, and were separated easily by kinetic resolution using Nov435. The structures were identified by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, melting point measurements and optical rotations. This experiment covers training in experimental skills such as synthesis, structural characterization and optical purity measurements. This is not only beneficial to improve the comprehensive experimental ability of the students but also broadens their vision.
2019, 34(4): 61-65
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201807031
Abstract:
Experimental procedure is improved to solve problems of spectrophotometric determination of the solubility product constant of lead iodide. With the improved method, experimental drugs and pollution are reduced, and experimental steps and data analysis are simplified, while keeping the accurate determination. With the derivation, calculation and drawing according to the thermodynamic formula, the linear equation of the relationship between lnKspΘ and 1/T is given, which can estimate the accuracy of the test results at different temperatures.
Experimental procedure is improved to solve problems of spectrophotometric determination of the solubility product constant of lead iodide. With the improved method, experimental drugs and pollution are reduced, and experimental steps and data analysis are simplified, while keeping the accurate determination. With the derivation, calculation and drawing according to the thermodynamic formula, the linear equation of the relationship between lnKspΘ and 1/T is given, which can estimate the accuracy of the test results at different temperatures.
2019, 34(4): 66-72
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201807045
Abstract:
In the experiment of extracting benzoic acid from kerosene with tap water as the extractant, the concentration of benzoic acid is usually determined by volumetric titration. The error of this method is large and the material balance is poor. In this paper, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate benzoic acid and kerosene with methanol as a mobile phase. The quantitative analysis was made by using UV-Vis detector. Compared with the titration analysis, the accuracy of HPLC was higher and the recovery rate of material balance was up to 95%.
In the experiment of extracting benzoic acid from kerosene with tap water as the extractant, the concentration of benzoic acid is usually determined by volumetric titration. The error of this method is large and the material balance is poor. In this paper, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate benzoic acid and kerosene with methanol as a mobile phase. The quantitative analysis was made by using UV-Vis detector. Compared with the titration analysis, the accuracy of HPLC was higher and the recovery rate of material balance was up to 95%.
2019, 34(4): 73-76
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201809017
Abstract:
The teaching experience of suspension polymerization experiment is discussed, based on the setting of polymer chemistry experiment course. In the teaching process of suspension polymerization, the students' interest in learning should be fully enhanced, the teaching effect should be improved, and the laboratory course should be connected with theory course. The content of experiment can be improved in three aspects:conducting research on the influence of dispersant, selecting different monomers on suspension polymerization, and combining with the rate of competitive polymerization.
The teaching experience of suspension polymerization experiment is discussed, based on the setting of polymer chemistry experiment course. In the teaching process of suspension polymerization, the students' interest in learning should be fully enhanced, the teaching effect should be improved, and the laboratory course should be connected with theory course. The content of experiment can be improved in three aspects:conducting research on the influence of dispersant, selecting different monomers on suspension polymerization, and combining with the rate of competitive polymerization.
2019, 34(4): 77-83
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201806016
Abstract:
Some of the enzyme catalysis reactions were classified as irreversible in the biochemistry education and research. However, it is worth noting that the "irreversibility" defined in biochemistry is different from what is referred in physical chemistry, which often confuses students. Consequently, the essence of irreversibility and its derivative may mislead students to a fallacious understanding towards the reaction process of biochemical reactions. This manuscript anew discusses the precise definition of "irreversible" reactions in biochemistry based on the standard definition of "irreversibility" given in physical chemistry, and we further use several terms and examples including rate limiting step, rate limiting enzyme, and high-energy phosphate bond to identify and correct misunderstandings caused by inaccurate definition of irreversibility.
Some of the enzyme catalysis reactions were classified as irreversible in the biochemistry education and research. However, it is worth noting that the "irreversibility" defined in biochemistry is different from what is referred in physical chemistry, which often confuses students. Consequently, the essence of irreversibility and its derivative may mislead students to a fallacious understanding towards the reaction process of biochemical reactions. This manuscript anew discusses the precise definition of "irreversible" reactions in biochemistry based on the standard definition of "irreversibility" given in physical chemistry, and we further use several terms and examples including rate limiting step, rate limiting enzyme, and high-energy phosphate bond to identify and correct misunderstandings caused by inaccurate definition of irreversibility.
2019, 34(4): 84-92
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX2019010041
Abstract:
The problems in the final test of the 32nd Chinese Chemistry Olympiad were resolved. The problem-solving techniques and calculations were developed, and the background and bibliography involved were also provided.
The problems in the final test of the 32nd Chinese Chemistry Olympiad were resolved. The problem-solving techniques and calculations were developed, and the background and bibliography involved were also provided.
