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2017 Volume 32 Issue 9
2017, 32(9): 1-4
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201707024
Abstract:
The aim of the third conference of the Research Board of Physical Chemistry Teaching is to analyze problems and measures for the reforms of physical chemistry laboratory teaching. During the conference, the suggested contents of laboratory teaching made by the 2013-2017 Advisory Board of Higher Chemistry Education were introduced. The teaching features, recent advancements and their limitations of physical chemistry laboratory teaching were discussed. Some successful practices and experiences focusing on experiment designs based on the outcome-based education strategy, reforms in teaching ideas and methods, effective evaluation of students' achievement and introduction of new experiments were summarized. The important future works in physical chemistry laboratory teaching were specified. It is helpful for teachers to promote their further reforms in laboratory teaching of physical chemistry.
The aim of the third conference of the Research Board of Physical Chemistry Teaching is to analyze problems and measures for the reforms of physical chemistry laboratory teaching. During the conference, the suggested contents of laboratory teaching made by the 2013-2017 Advisory Board of Higher Chemistry Education were introduced. The teaching features, recent advancements and their limitations of physical chemistry laboratory teaching were discussed. Some successful practices and experiences focusing on experiment designs based on the outcome-based education strategy, reforms in teaching ideas and methods, effective evaluation of students' achievement and introduction of new experiments were summarized. The important future works in physical chemistry laboratory teaching were specified. It is helpful for teachers to promote their further reforms in laboratory teaching of physical chemistry.
2017, 32(9): 5-9
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704032
Abstract:
A trial in the general chemistry class taught in English at Peking University is aimed at cultivating the autonomous learning abilities of the students. A one-to-one heuristic educational method is utilized in this course, and the students are encouraged to learn autonomously and explore projects independently.
A trial in the general chemistry class taught in English at Peking University is aimed at cultivating the autonomous learning abilities of the students. A one-to-one heuristic educational method is utilized in this course, and the students are encouraged to learn autonomously and explore projects independently.
2017, 32(9): 10-14
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705006
Abstract:
To meet the requirement of "top-notch innovative program", some innovations have been explored in laboratory teaching of basic organic chemistry in recent years, which led to some successful and failing experience. This paper discussed an advanced cultivation mode of "top-notch undergraduate education" in this field,including cultivation objectives, cultivation modes, assessment models, defects, achievements and prospects.
To meet the requirement of "top-notch innovative program", some innovations have been explored in laboratory teaching of basic organic chemistry in recent years, which led to some successful and failing experience. This paper discussed an advanced cultivation mode of "top-notch undergraduate education" in this field,including cultivation objectives, cultivation modes, assessment models, defects, achievements and prospects.
2017, 32(9): 15-20
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704003
Abstract:
The advantages and disadvantages of the three main previous modes of college and enterprise cooperation are discussed. A new mode based on the multi-aspect deep fusion of colleges and enterprises under the leadership of collaborative innovation was constructed and explored. Based on the practice example of chemical engineering specialties in Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, the advantages and effectiveness of college-enterprise cooperation under collaborative innovation are introduced. It is a meaning reference for future reform of college and enterprise cooperation.
The advantages and disadvantages of the three main previous modes of college and enterprise cooperation are discussed. A new mode based on the multi-aspect deep fusion of colleges and enterprises under the leadership of collaborative innovation was constructed and explored. Based on the practice example of chemical engineering specialties in Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, the advantages and effectiveness of college-enterprise cooperation under collaborative innovation are introduced. It is a meaning reference for future reform of college and enterprise cooperation.
2017, 32(9): 21-34
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704022
Abstract:
This paper discusses the concept of allotrope and briefly describes the existence, composition, structure, synthesis and property of various allotropes formed by two typical nonmetallic elements-hydrogen and boron. Some contents about crystalline boron, such as boron fullerenes, boron nanotubes, boron monolayer, have been added to the allotropes of boron for the first time. Meanwhile, the prediction of computational chemistry to chemical allotropes and the development of modern science and technology in the application of materials have been emphasized.
This paper discusses the concept of allotrope and briefly describes the existence, composition, structure, synthesis and property of various allotropes formed by two typical nonmetallic elements-hydrogen and boron. Some contents about crystalline boron, such as boron fullerenes, boron nanotubes, boron monolayer, have been added to the allotropes of boron for the first time. Meanwhile, the prediction of computational chemistry to chemical allotropes and the development of modern science and technology in the application of materials have been emphasized.
2017, 32(9): 35-40
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703022
Abstract:
Basic principles of chemistry take deep root in the conservation of various cultural relics, thus playing a fundamental role in the field of conservation science. The cutting-edge methodologies and techniques characterized by chemistry have greatly enriched the means of conservation of cultural relics, and hopefully, will unlock a boarder space for future development of preservation of cultural relics.
Basic principles of chemistry take deep root in the conservation of various cultural relics, thus playing a fundamental role in the field of conservation science. The cutting-edge methodologies and techniques characterized by chemistry have greatly enriched the means of conservation of cultural relics, and hopefully, will unlock a boarder space for future development of preservation of cultural relics.
2017, 32(9): 41-45
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704019
Abstract:
A research type experiment of instrumental analysis was designed for undergraduates. In this experiment, microwave plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometer (MPT-AES) was used to detect trace metal elements (Ca, Cu, Fe and Mn) in flour samples. The experimental conditions, such as microwave power and supporting gas flow rate were optimized. Finally, the standard rice flour sample was detected under the optimum experimental conditions with a satisfying result. During this experiment students can learn and master the sample pretreatment method, the mechanism of atomic emission spectrum and optimization of the equipment testing.
A research type experiment of instrumental analysis was designed for undergraduates. In this experiment, microwave plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometer (MPT-AES) was used to detect trace metal elements (Ca, Cu, Fe and Mn) in flour samples. The experimental conditions, such as microwave power and supporting gas flow rate were optimized. Finally, the standard rice flour sample was detected under the optimum experimental conditions with a satisfying result. During this experiment students can learn and master the sample pretreatment method, the mechanism of atomic emission spectrum and optimization of the equipment testing.
2017, 32(9): 46-51
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703029
Abstract:
In order to solve time-consuming problems during purification of coarse Fe(OH)3 colloid, two novel methods were proposed, that is, hot-cold alternating dialysis and mixed ion exchange resin. We investigated the optimum purification condition of the two methods. In addition, advantages and disadvantages were discussed in details. The results indicated that colloid conductivity could decrease to 560 μS·cm-1 when dealing with colloid in 60℃ hot water for 35 min and subsequently in cold water for 15 min. While using mixed anion and cation ion exchange resin, colloid conductivity could go down to 42 μS·cm-1 when the mass ratio of the anion and cation ion exchange resin is 1:1 (total amount of resin is 10 g) and when the colloid volume is 45 mL. Due to the fact that either method has their strengths as well as weaknesses, we select feasible one depending on specific teaching circumstances.
In order to solve time-consuming problems during purification of coarse Fe(OH)3 colloid, two novel methods were proposed, that is, hot-cold alternating dialysis and mixed ion exchange resin. We investigated the optimum purification condition of the two methods. In addition, advantages and disadvantages were discussed in details. The results indicated that colloid conductivity could decrease to 560 μS·cm-1 when dealing with colloid in 60℃ hot water for 35 min and subsequently in cold water for 15 min. While using mixed anion and cation ion exchange resin, colloid conductivity could go down to 42 μS·cm-1 when the mass ratio of the anion and cation ion exchange resin is 1:1 (total amount of resin is 10 g) and when the colloid volume is 45 mL. Due to the fact that either method has their strengths as well as weaknesses, we select feasible one depending on specific teaching circumstances.
2017, 32(9): 52-58
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703004
Abstract:
This article defined the chromatographic band in the chromatography. The relationship between the chromatographic band and the chromatographic peak was discussed in detail, and the analytical band was considered as the basic for the study of chromatographic phenomena. The chromatographic peaks in the chromatography were not limited to the chromatographic peaks in the chromatogram, and a chromatographic peak can be formed corresponding with an analysis bands of the components.
This article defined the chromatographic band in the chromatography. The relationship between the chromatographic band and the chromatographic peak was discussed in detail, and the analytical band was considered as the basic for the study of chromatographic phenomena. The chromatographic peaks in the chromatography were not limited to the chromatographic peaks in the chromatogram, and a chromatographic peak can be formed corresponding with an analysis bands of the components.
2017, 32(9): 59-65
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704014
Abstract:
In this paper,the calculation formulas of the state function are summarized in three forms,including the basic equations,differential form and integral form.The students can learn and understand from a similar formula for classification easily.
In this paper,the calculation formulas of the state function are summarized in three forms,including the basic equations,differential form and integral form.The students can learn and understand from a similar formula for classification easily.
2017, 32(9): 66-78
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703016
Abstract:
Being a kind of special intermediate species, the nonclassical carbocations are of theoretical and applicable importance. This article reviews the development of the theory of the nonclassical carbocations, and provides the perspectives of Winstein, Brown and Olah in the debate, respectively. Furthermore, the article comments on these views on the basis of the latest research, and discusses about a few kinds of nonclassical carbocations other than the well noted 2-norbornyl cation.
Being a kind of special intermediate species, the nonclassical carbocations are of theoretical and applicable importance. This article reviews the development of the theory of the nonclassical carbocations, and provides the perspectives of Winstein, Brown and Olah in the debate, respectively. Furthermore, the article comments on these views on the basis of the latest research, and discusses about a few kinds of nonclassical carbocations other than the well noted 2-norbornyl cation.
2017, 32(9): 79-84
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705004
Abstract:
Based on the experience of analytical chemistry courses and literature research, this paper briefly discusses about information flow and philosophical ideas involved in the process of chemical analysis, which aims to help undergraduates to discover the intrinsic relationship between analytical methods as well as develop a systematic understanding of analytical chemistry.
Based on the experience of analytical chemistry courses and literature research, this paper briefly discusses about information flow and philosophical ideas involved in the process of chemical analysis, which aims to help undergraduates to discover the intrinsic relationship between analytical methods as well as develop a systematic understanding of analytical chemistry.
2017, 32(9): 85-92
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201706019
Abstract:
This article reviewed the contribution of Professor Yu-Lin Li, senior professor of Lanzhou University and famous synthetic organic chemist of China, including the semi-synthesis of harringtonine, the total synthesis of biomarkers, chamaejasmine type of flavone, cembrene type natural products, eudesmane and agarofuran natural products.
This article reviewed the contribution of Professor Yu-Lin Li, senior professor of Lanzhou University and famous synthetic organic chemist of China, including the semi-synthesis of harringtonine, the total synthesis of biomarkers, chamaejasmine type of flavone, cembrene type natural products, eudesmane and agarofuran natural products.
