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2017 Volume 32 Issue 1
2017, 32(1): 1-8
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201612012
Abstract:
The 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddard and Ben Feringa to recognize their extraordinary contribution for design and synthesis of molecular machines. Molecular machines are small molecules mimic either natural macromolecular machines or mechanicals in the macroscopic world. Scientists design these small molecules containing movable parts and construct them via organic reactions, achieving precise manipulation at the molecular level. Although there are still no practical applications ofmolecularmachines today, it brings infinite possibilities to our future.
The 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddard and Ben Feringa to recognize their extraordinary contribution for design and synthesis of molecular machines. Molecular machines are small molecules mimic either natural macromolecular machines or mechanicals in the macroscopic world. Scientists design these small molecules containing movable parts and construct them via organic reactions, achieving precise manipulation at the molecular level. Although there are still no practical applications ofmolecularmachines today, it brings infinite possibilities to our future.
2017, 32(1): 9-14
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201609032
Abstract:
The philosophical features of worldview and methodology of the chemistry discipline are analyzed. Based on the way of cultivating scientific sense and thinking mode of chemistry, a new curriculum module known as curriculum based on the way of thinking is established for education program for undergraduates of chemistry majors. Some suggestions for formation of a sound curriculum and rational arrangement of teaching contents are put forward. It is intended to provide advices for future design of curriculum, compilation of chemistry textbooks and reform of teaching contents for chemistry majors.
The philosophical features of worldview and methodology of the chemistry discipline are analyzed. Based on the way of cultivating scientific sense and thinking mode of chemistry, a new curriculum module known as curriculum based on the way of thinking is established for education program for undergraduates of chemistry majors. Some suggestions for formation of a sound curriculum and rational arrangement of teaching contents are put forward. It is intended to provide advices for future design of curriculum, compilation of chemistry textbooks and reform of teaching contents for chemistry majors.
2017, 32(1): 15-20
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201605011
Abstract:
This paper mainly introduces the laboratory course platform——"Enhanced Experiments (I) in Basic Chemistry", which is designed for top-notch chemistry-majored students in Xiamen University, including its curriculum design, implementation and the teaching experience.
This paper mainly introduces the laboratory course platform——"Enhanced Experiments (I) in Basic Chemistry", which is designed for top-notch chemistry-majored students in Xiamen University, including its curriculum design, implementation and the teaching experience.
2017, 32(1): 21-25
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201605013
Abstract:
Highly educated and being younger are trends of technicians in many experimental chemistry centers of Chinese universities. In order to inspire self-motivation of technicians, seminar is organized in Experimental Chemistry Center of Peking University. The organization and contents of seminar are introduced in details. It is demonstrated by more than two-year practice that initiativity and creativity of technicians are accelerated. The future plan of seminar is proposed.
Highly educated and being younger are trends of technicians in many experimental chemistry centers of Chinese universities. In order to inspire self-motivation of technicians, seminar is organized in Experimental Chemistry Center of Peking University. The organization and contents of seminar are introduced in details. It is demonstrated by more than two-year practice that initiativity and creativity of technicians are accelerated. The future plan of seminar is proposed.
2017, 32(1): 26-30
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201604002
Abstract:
Through the innovation and practice of curriculumsystem, teaching contents, teaching methods and assessment mode, we strengthened interdisciplinary fusion, developed students' individuality, innovated talent training mode, and constructed a multi-level inorganic and analytical chemistry experiment teaching system with advanced content and distinctive agricultural characteristics.
Through the innovation and practice of curriculumsystem, teaching contents, teaching methods and assessment mode, we strengthened interdisciplinary fusion, developed students' individuality, innovated talent training mode, and constructed a multi-level inorganic and analytical chemistry experiment teaching system with advanced content and distinctive agricultural characteristics.
2017, 32(1): 31-35
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201604009
Abstract:
This paper analyzed the problems existing in the teaching of general chemistry course, and put forward the reform measures of the reverse case-teaching method in the light of these problems.
This paper analyzed the problems existing in the teaching of general chemistry course, and put forward the reform measures of the reverse case-teaching method in the light of these problems.
2017, 32(1): 36-41
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201606030
Abstract:
Chemistry is everywhere in life. Under the background of general lack of chemical literacy of the students in higher vocational colleges, the necessity and ways of development on chemical literacy in higher vocational colleges are discussed. Opening public elective course of "chemistry and life" and activities of popularization of science can really improve the students' chemical literacy.
Chemistry is everywhere in life. Under the background of general lack of chemical literacy of the students in higher vocational colleges, the necessity and ways of development on chemical literacy in higher vocational colleges are discussed. Opening public elective course of "chemistry and life" and activities of popularization of science can really improve the students' chemical literacy.
2017, 32(1): 42-43
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201609025
Abstract:
Atomic clusters can be considered as inorganic substances in nano-scale like inorganic nanoparticles, but with well-defined structures, sizes and compositions. Hence, atomic clusters are molecular models to study and to understand the surface structures of nano-materials as well as bulk solids. The functional materials assembled from the clusters may combine the advantages of both nano-materials and molecular materials.
Atomic clusters can be considered as inorganic substances in nano-scale like inorganic nanoparticles, but with well-defined structures, sizes and compositions. Hence, atomic clusters are molecular models to study and to understand the surface structures of nano-materials as well as bulk solids. The functional materials assembled from the clusters may combine the advantages of both nano-materials and molecular materials.
2017, 32(1): 44-47
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201605014
Abstract:
A basic chemistry experiment of the determination of sucrose content by the solution density is introduced. It covers several basic chemistry operations as well as the technique of graphic data treatment. The experiment is close to the life and flexibly designed, making it a good beginning experiment for freshmen.
A basic chemistry experiment of the determination of sucrose content by the solution density is introduced. It covers several basic chemistry operations as well as the technique of graphic data treatment. The experiment is close to the life and flexibly designed, making it a good beginning experiment for freshmen.
2017, 32(1): 48-51
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201604033
Abstract:
A simple chemical comprehensive experiment was developed to synthesize ZnO microstructures. Diverse morphologies of ZnO can be obtained with the help of citric acid. This experiment provides the students with a scientific understanding about the microstructure and morphology of inorganic nanomaterials. It also helps the students have a preliminary understanding about the synthesis and characterization methods for nanoparticles. The design of the experiment has the characteristics of simpleness and enquiry, which can help cultivate the students' independent scientific research and creative abilities.
A simple chemical comprehensive experiment was developed to synthesize ZnO microstructures. Diverse morphologies of ZnO can be obtained with the help of citric acid. This experiment provides the students with a scientific understanding about the microstructure and morphology of inorganic nanomaterials. It also helps the students have a preliminary understanding about the synthesis and characterization methods for nanoparticles. The design of the experiment has the characteristics of simpleness and enquiry, which can help cultivate the students' independent scientific research and creative abilities.
2017, 32(1): 52-57
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201605017
Abstract:
A college chemistry open experiment with students' participation in scientific research is developed in this paper. The experiment contents include the preparation of precursor by the co-precipitation process and the electrochemical method, the preparation of methyl orange intercalated hydrotalcite using the ion exchange method, and the structural characterization. The students design an experimental plan independently, and explore the influences of synthesis conditions to the structure of intercalated material, based on their mastering of preparation and characterization of materials.
A college chemistry open experiment with students' participation in scientific research is developed in this paper. The experiment contents include the preparation of precursor by the co-precipitation process and the electrochemical method, the preparation of methyl orange intercalated hydrotalcite using the ion exchange method, and the structural characterization. The students design an experimental plan independently, and explore the influences of synthesis conditions to the structure of intercalated material, based on their mastering of preparation and characterization of materials.
2017, 32(1): 58-61
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201609031
Abstract:
Based on the catalytic effects of Cu(II) on KIO4 oxidized safranineT, a newsystemfor determining tracing copper with catalytic kinetic fluorescencemethod is established.After adding Cu(II), the fluorescence intensity at 580 nmis significantly reduced.Within the concentration range of 2.50-32.50 ng·mL-1, a linear relationship between the concentration of Cu(II) and lg(F0/F) in the system is observed. Based on this new experiment, the design and implementation of instrumental analysis laboratory is investigated. Meanwhile, in order to achieve high quality of the inquiry experiment teaching, teachers should be responsible for proposition and feasibility.
Based on the catalytic effects of Cu(II) on KIO4 oxidized safranineT, a newsystemfor determining tracing copper with catalytic kinetic fluorescencemethod is established.After adding Cu(II), the fluorescence intensity at 580 nmis significantly reduced.Within the concentration range of 2.50-32.50 ng·mL-1, a linear relationship between the concentration of Cu(II) and lg(F0/F) in the system is observed. Based on this new experiment, the design and implementation of instrumental analysis laboratory is investigated. Meanwhile, in order to achieve high quality of the inquiry experiment teaching, teachers should be responsible for proposition and feasibility.
2017, 32(1): 62-63
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201606017
Abstract:
In this paper, we discuss the coupling of two angular momenta according to the quantum mechanical rules. The method for deriving atomic terms from a given electron configuration has been analyzed based on the conservation of angular momentum.
In this paper, we discuss the coupling of two angular momenta according to the quantum mechanical rules. The method for deriving atomic terms from a given electron configuration has been analyzed based on the conservation of angular momentum.
2017, 32(1): 64-68
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201604017
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose that the term of conformation should be the backbone in teaching the polymer physics course. The origin of conformation, and its relationship to mechanical states, rubber-like elasticity, orientation, and rheology of polymeric materials, are discussed.
In this paper, we propose that the term of conformation should be the backbone in teaching the polymer physics course. The origin of conformation, and its relationship to mechanical states, rubber-like elasticity, orientation, and rheology of polymeric materials, are discussed.
The Convenient Way for Searching Chemical Information and Getting Original Literatures from Internet
2017, 32(1): 69-73
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201603033
Abstract:
In recent years, internet is more and more popular. It is very easy for researchers or teachers to get chemical information from internet. In this paper, firstly, we introduce the relationship between literatures and information. Secondly, how to keep track of chemistry and chemical engineering information resources is discussed. Thirdly, the strategy and tips for getting original documents are summarized, which is very useful for newcomers or young students.
In recent years, internet is more and more popular. It is very easy for researchers or teachers to get chemical information from internet. In this paper, firstly, we introduce the relationship between literatures and information. Secondly, how to keep track of chemistry and chemical engineering information resources is discussed. Thirdly, the strategy and tips for getting original documents are summarized, which is very useful for newcomers or young students.
2017, 32(1): 74-79
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201603031
Abstract:
The calculation of titration error for acid-base titration is one of the key contents in analytical chemistry course. The current calculation method has the disadvantages such as many formula and tedious calculation process. A rapid method for titration error is presented in this paper, based on the titration curve plotted with the CurTiPot software.
The calculation of titration error for acid-base titration is one of the key contents in analytical chemistry course. The current calculation method has the disadvantages such as many formula and tedious calculation process. A rapid method for titration error is presented in this paper, based on the titration curve plotted with the CurTiPot software.
2017, 32(1): 80-83
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201605001
Abstract:
This paper, starting from the solving process of a chemical unit operation problem, clarifies that the basic knowledge of phase diagram in physical chemistry should be combined with the chemical engineering practice unit, to better solidify and apply what is learned to practical problems. At the same time, the students improve their ability to analyze and solve problems, and to deepen the understanding of knowledge.
This paper, starting from the solving process of a chemical unit operation problem, clarifies that the basic knowledge of phase diagram in physical chemistry should be combined with the chemical engineering practice unit, to better solidify and apply what is learned to practical problems. At the same time, the students improve their ability to analyze and solve problems, and to deepen the understanding of knowledge.
2017, 32(1): 84-105
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201603010
Abstract:
In recent years, hyperconjugation is considered as the main reason why ethane prefers cross conformation. In this article, we review the history of hyperconjugation theory, a significant part of stereoelectronic effect. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between conformation analysis, reactivity and hyperconjugation, demonstrate the significance in probing molecular structure, and also make a discussion about the hyperconjugation explanation for the preference of ethanein cross conformation.
In recent years, hyperconjugation is considered as the main reason why ethane prefers cross conformation. In this article, we review the history of hyperconjugation theory, a significant part of stereoelectronic effect. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between conformation analysis, reactivity and hyperconjugation, demonstrate the significance in probing molecular structure, and also make a discussion about the hyperconjugation explanation for the preference of ethanein cross conformation.
2017, 32(1): 106-106
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX2016100122
Abstract:
