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2017 Volume 32 Issue 10
2017, 32(10): 1-6
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201706015
Abstract:
Based on the analysis of the problems of interdisciplinary applied graduate course "surface physical chemistry Ⅱ" construction and the curriculum research, the organization teaching within a single discipline was broken and the interdisciplinary curriculum content system including the knowledge modules and application extensions were determined. Besides, the effective teaching design and teaching methods were explored to ensure the graduate student learning and personnel training requirements and to solve the problems of students with weak learning foundation. In this way, the quality of the applied postgraduate cultivation of talents was improved and the significant practical effect was obtained.
Based on the analysis of the problems of interdisciplinary applied graduate course "surface physical chemistry Ⅱ" construction and the curriculum research, the organization teaching within a single discipline was broken and the interdisciplinary curriculum content system including the knowledge modules and application extensions were determined. Besides, the effective teaching design and teaching methods were explored to ensure the graduate student learning and personnel training requirements and to solve the problems of students with weak learning foundation. In this way, the quality of the applied postgraduate cultivation of talents was improved and the significant practical effect was obtained.
2017, 32(10): 7-11
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201706016
Abstract:
Under the guidance of "teaching-practice-test" teaching idea with teaching practical experience and content matching, aiming at the properties and some problems of inorganic and analytical chemistry theoretical and laboratory courses for non-chemistry majors, this article discussed the practical exploration and understanding on the association of theoretical teaching with laboratory course and the teaching results gained.
Under the guidance of "teaching-practice-test" teaching idea with teaching practical experience and content matching, aiming at the properties and some problems of inorganic and analytical chemistry theoretical and laboratory courses for non-chemistry majors, this article discussed the practical exploration and understanding on the association of theoretical teaching with laboratory course and the teaching results gained.
2017, 32(10): 12-16
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704012
Abstract:
The teaching mode was explored under the network environment, and a hybrid teaching mode, which combined the traditional teaching and network teaching, was constructed. The network teaching resources of the biochemistry were co-constructed by teachers and students, and introduced into the classroom in order that the teaching methods were more efficient, the teaching resources were more abundant, the assessments were more objective and the learning of students was more active. It was shown that the efficiency and quality of teaching and the self-learning abilities of students were also improved by the teaching mode.
The teaching mode was explored under the network environment, and a hybrid teaching mode, which combined the traditional teaching and network teaching, was constructed. The network teaching resources of the biochemistry were co-constructed by teachers and students, and introduced into the classroom in order that the teaching methods were more efficient, the teaching resources were more abundant, the assessments were more objective and the learning of students was more active. It was shown that the efficiency and quality of teaching and the self-learning abilities of students were also improved by the teaching mode.
2017, 32(10): 17-19
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705005
Abstract:
The paper focuses on using diverse teaching methods and heuristic method to guide students to cognize social life with chemical thinking in non-chemical engineering majors at Inner Mongolia University of Technology (IMUT). In such a way, we not only taught the theoretical knowledge of chemistry, but also realized the "student-centered" teaching philosophy and high quality chemical general education.
The paper focuses on using diverse teaching methods and heuristic method to guide students to cognize social life with chemical thinking in non-chemical engineering majors at Inner Mongolia University of Technology (IMUT). In such a way, we not only taught the theoretical knowledge of chemistry, but also realized the "student-centered" teaching philosophy and high quality chemical general education.
2017, 32(10): 20-26
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704034
Abstract:
It is made clear in the development plan of Shaoguan University for the direction of talent cultivation that practical teaching is vital to producing application-oriented and creative students. In combination with the university's specific conditions of the practical teaching of environmental engineering major, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the practical teaching of environmental engineering and proposes to construct the practical teaching system of two-bases, dual guidance and multisections, aiming to enhance college students' practical abilities in engineering and innovation as well as their comprehensive quality by reforming the practical teaching content, the quality support system and the operational support system.
It is made clear in the development plan of Shaoguan University for the direction of talent cultivation that practical teaching is vital to producing application-oriented and creative students. In combination with the university's specific conditions of the practical teaching of environmental engineering major, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the practical teaching of environmental engineering and proposes to construct the practical teaching system of two-bases, dual guidance and multisections, aiming to enhance college students' practical abilities in engineering and innovation as well as their comprehensive quality by reforming the practical teaching content, the quality support system and the operational support system.
2017, 32(10): 27-32
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703014
Abstract:
Based on the characteristics of "pesticide science" in engineering colleges, this study tries to construct the engineering education pattern of graduates which can both reflect the practicality and applicability of "pesticide science". This pattern adopts principles of "one core, three orientations" and "five-in-one", in order to develop the major of "pesticide science" in engineering colleges in accordance to agricultural development and establishment of the first class college in China.
Based on the characteristics of "pesticide science" in engineering colleges, this study tries to construct the engineering education pattern of graduates which can both reflect the practicality and applicability of "pesticide science". This pattern adopts principles of "one core, three orientations" and "five-in-one", in order to develop the major of "pesticide science" in engineering colleges in accordance to agricultural development and establishment of the first class college in China.
2017, 32(10): 33-38
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201706011
Abstract:
Humic acid is the major component of natural organic matters, which possesses a complex structure and multiple emission characteristics. Considering the research topics of humic acid or other natural organic matters, humic acid was used for steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence experimental teaching. Students can acquire the knowledge about the Raman scattering and inner filtering effects on fluorescence measurements, the effects of excitation energy on the emission spectrum, and fluorescence lifetime.
Humic acid is the major component of natural organic matters, which possesses a complex structure and multiple emission characteristics. Considering the research topics of humic acid or other natural organic matters, humic acid was used for steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence experimental teaching. Students can acquire the knowledge about the Raman scattering and inner filtering effects on fluorescence measurements, the effects of excitation energy on the emission spectrum, and fluorescence lifetime.
2017, 32(10): 39-46
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201704006
Abstract:
The undergraduate innovative experiment plan is an important part of the Quality Project in colleges and universities. In the light of problem-based learning, this paper presents a comprehensive innovation experiment, that is, extraction and identification of rutin, preparation of different dosage forms and the correlation with in vivo release. Through this experiment, students can experience complete scientific research essentials, including searching literature, explaining experimental principle, establishing research ideas and strategies, preparing and characterizing samples, processing data, analyzing results, writing and submitting the experiment report. The key knowledges of extraction and purification of natural products, preparation of capsules and tablets, chemical properties of the matter, in vivo medicine release and other relevant knowledges can be fully grasped. Practices show that this experiment can effectively enhance students' comprehensive experimental skills and foster their innovative spirit and scientific research ability.
The undergraduate innovative experiment plan is an important part of the Quality Project in colleges and universities. In the light of problem-based learning, this paper presents a comprehensive innovation experiment, that is, extraction and identification of rutin, preparation of different dosage forms and the correlation with in vivo release. Through this experiment, students can experience complete scientific research essentials, including searching literature, explaining experimental principle, establishing research ideas and strategies, preparing and characterizing samples, processing data, analyzing results, writing and submitting the experiment report. The key knowledges of extraction and purification of natural products, preparation of capsules and tablets, chemical properties of the matter, in vivo medicine release and other relevant knowledges can be fully grasped. Practices show that this experiment can effectively enhance students' comprehensive experimental skills and foster their innovative spirit and scientific research ability.
2017, 32(10): 47-51
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705011
Abstract:
The reaction of lead with nitric acid is very complicated. In inorganic chemistry textbooks and the related materials, the descriptions of the reaction between lead and nitric acid are not entirely identical, which will not be beneficial for students to master basic properties of lead in the study of inorganic chemistry. Aiming at this problem in inorganic chemistry teaching materials, through a lot of experiments, we studied the conditions of the reaction between lead and nitric acid, including the effects of nitric acid concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time, and investigated the solubility changes of lead nitrate in different concentrations of nitric acid. The reaction products of lead with concentrated nitric acid were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The essence that lead is easily soluble in dilute nitric acid and slightly soluble in concentrated nitric acid is clarified.
The reaction of lead with nitric acid is very complicated. In inorganic chemistry textbooks and the related materials, the descriptions of the reaction between lead and nitric acid are not entirely identical, which will not be beneficial for students to master basic properties of lead in the study of inorganic chemistry. Aiming at this problem in inorganic chemistry teaching materials, through a lot of experiments, we studied the conditions of the reaction between lead and nitric acid, including the effects of nitric acid concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time, and investigated the solubility changes of lead nitrate in different concentrations of nitric acid. The reaction products of lead with concentrated nitric acid were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The essence that lead is easily soluble in dilute nitric acid and slightly soluble in concentrated nitric acid is clarified.
2017, 32(10): 52-60
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705025
Abstract:
Accurate analysis of chemical equilibria involves solving complex equations, which requires adequate knowledge on algorithms and programming languages. People who major in analytical chemistry often lack such knowledge. As a result, it is difficult to adopt accurate analysis in analytical chemistry on a large scale. To overcome such difficulty, we developed a software package with Matlab. The software solves complex equations efficiently through an intuitive interface, a graph, and natural interactions, whilst requires little programming on users. This paper introduced theory and features of the software package, and explained its usage in detail with 3 examples of complex chemical equilibria. An Android version was also developed and provided free of charge.
Accurate analysis of chemical equilibria involves solving complex equations, which requires adequate knowledge on algorithms and programming languages. People who major in analytical chemistry often lack such knowledge. As a result, it is difficult to adopt accurate analysis in analytical chemistry on a large scale. To overcome such difficulty, we developed a software package with Matlab. The software solves complex equations efficiently through an intuitive interface, a graph, and natural interactions, whilst requires little programming on users. This paper introduced theory and features of the software package, and explained its usage in detail with 3 examples of complex chemical equilibria. An Android version was also developed and provided free of charge.
2017, 32(10): 61-66
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201705023
Abstract:
Molecular orbital (MO) theory is one of the most important theories to understand the electronic structure and microscopic properties, and it is also the key and difficult point in the teaching of inorganic chemistry and theoretical chemistry for undergraduate and graduate students. Since there is lack of the intuitive and quantitative diagrams for the formation of molecular orbitals from the atomic orbitals, as well as the s-p orbital mixing and the energy level crossing in the present textbook, students have difficulty in understanding the MO theory. In this paper, we introduce the computational chemistry into the teaching of the MO theory. Based on the theoretical results calculated by Gaussian 03 program, the images and energy levels of molecular orbitals for F2, O2, N2, HF and CO are obtained and analyzed, which makes the abstract theory quantitative, intuitive, and easily to understand. Correspondingly, the rules of molecular orbital bonding and electron filling are well explained, which helps students to better understand the MO theory, especially for the s-p orbital mixing and the energy level crossing of σ2pz and π2p orbitals. According to the molecular orbital analysis of F2, O2, N2, HF and CO, the electronic configuration of CO2 is analyzed by using MO theory. On the basis of the teaching practice above, the students' initiativity and enthusiasm are greatly improved, and the effective learning of MO theory is realized.
Molecular orbital (MO) theory is one of the most important theories to understand the electronic structure and microscopic properties, and it is also the key and difficult point in the teaching of inorganic chemistry and theoretical chemistry for undergraduate and graduate students. Since there is lack of the intuitive and quantitative diagrams for the formation of molecular orbitals from the atomic orbitals, as well as the s-p orbital mixing and the energy level crossing in the present textbook, students have difficulty in understanding the MO theory. In this paper, we introduce the computational chemistry into the teaching of the MO theory. Based on the theoretical results calculated by Gaussian 03 program, the images and energy levels of molecular orbitals for F2, O2, N2, HF and CO are obtained and analyzed, which makes the abstract theory quantitative, intuitive, and easily to understand. Correspondingly, the rules of molecular orbital bonding and electron filling are well explained, which helps students to better understand the MO theory, especially for the s-p orbital mixing and the energy level crossing of σ2pz and π2p orbitals. According to the molecular orbital analysis of F2, O2, N2, HF and CO, the electronic configuration of CO2 is analyzed by using MO theory. On the basis of the teaching practice above, the students' initiativity and enthusiasm are greatly improved, and the effective learning of MO theory is realized.
2017, 32(10): 67-74
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201706002
Abstract:
In order to improve the quality of laboratory teaching in colleges and universities, we explored the innovation of laboratory teaching methods. We use the technology of Balabolka and Flash on the Internet, and the technology of "mask" and button making for producing the voice animations. We shared the voice animations with students. This improves the experimental interest of college students, and helps to achieve flipped classroom teaching. The voice animations also provides a more diverse internet education resources. These speech animation experiments are costeffective and enviromental-friendly, and easy to manufacture and operate.
In order to improve the quality of laboratory teaching in colleges and universities, we explored the innovation of laboratory teaching methods. We use the technology of Balabolka and Flash on the Internet, and the technology of "mask" and button making for producing the voice animations. We shared the voice animations with students. This improves the experimental interest of college students, and helps to achieve flipped classroom teaching. The voice animations also provides a more diverse internet education resources. These speech animation experiments are costeffective and enviromental-friendly, and easy to manufacture and operate.
2017, 32(10): 75-83
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201703017
Abstract:
This paper explains some inorganic reaction mechanisms of oxidation-reduction reactions involving chalcogen-chalcogen single bond, according to thermodynamic and kinetic data. DFT method is used to verify proposed mechanisms and conjectures by Gaussian09 program. All these efforts are put to demonstrate some general patterns in inorganic reaction mechanisms.
This paper explains some inorganic reaction mechanisms of oxidation-reduction reactions involving chalcogen-chalcogen single bond, according to thermodynamic and kinetic data. DFT method is used to verify proposed mechanisms and conjectures by Gaussian09 program. All these efforts are put to demonstrate some general patterns in inorganic reaction mechanisms.
2017, 32(10): 84-84
doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX2017070311
Abstract:
