Poly(methyl methacrylate)-titania hybrid glasses were synthesized by sol-gel processes using acrylic acid or allyl acetylacetone as coupling agent. Titanium butoxide modified with acrylic acid (or titanium isopropoxide modified with allyl acetylacetone) was hydrolyzed to produce a titania network, and then poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)chains formed in situ through a radical polymerization were chemically bonded to the forming titania network to synthesize a hybrid glass. Transparent hybrid glasses with different contents of titania were achieved. With the increase of the titania content, the color of the products changed from yellow to red. The synthesis process was investigated stepwise by using FTIR spectroscopies, and the experimental results demonstrated that acrylic or acetylacetonate groups bound to titanium remain in the final hybrid glasses. The thermal stability of the hybrid materials were considerably improved relative to pure PMMA. The hybrid glasses using allyl acetylacetone as coupling agent exhibited thermochromatic effect which both pure PMMA and titania do not manifest.

A vibrationally excitation spectrum of the A(1A2) ← X(1A1 ) and B(1 B1 )←X(1 A1 ) transition of suifur dioxide (SO2 ) was observed by using the degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) technique. For comparison, the direct absorption spectrum of SO2 was also presented. The DFWM signal intensity was investigated as a function of N2 buffer gas pressure. It was found that the signal intensity enhanced 25-fold with the addition of 100 kPa N2 gas.

The ladder-shapped structures containing nitrogen atoms in two sides of paracyanogen have been investigated theoretically by using quantum chemistry semiempirical MNDO and CNDO/2-CO methods. The regularities in structural stability and the variation of electronic property have been revealed preliminarily. Analysis of the energy band structure indicated that the energy gaps become smaller, and the intrinsical conductivities iincrease when the ladder-shapped structures broaden towards 2-dimention. This conclusion is consistent with the experimental results of polymerization degree and the electrical conductivity which increase with the increasing of pyrolytic temperarure.

 In the present paper various aggregation phases of the binary system of an amphiphile, P507 and water have been studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), local-barrier-heigh(Φ) images and the tip height as a function of bias voltage. The sample was prepared by spreading a thin layer of P507 water solution on the graphite substrate and left in air for natural drying. Three different lyotropic mesomorphic phases (lamellar, hexa nal and cubic phases) along with the spherical, disk-like and rod-like micelles were imaged on the sample surface. The geometric shape and dimension of these phases match nicely what speculated in previous papers. Combining information from the STM andΦ images we are able to tell if the hydrophilic part of the molecules of a phase is inward or outward. Besides, the mechanical characteristics of the aggregation phases, which might be responsible for many important functions of biological membranes, have also been studied.

The investigation of inhibition of xanthine oxidase by allopurinol was carried out using a xanthine biosensor, which was obtained using the polyaniline film as a support material. The experimental results indicated that significant inhibition could be produced by allopurinol but this inhibition was reversible. The apprent Michaelis-Menten constant (K’m) of the immobilized xanthine oxidase increased in the presence of allopurinol, but the maximum rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction was not affected by allopurinol. This indicated that allopurinol is a reversible competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. The optimum pH of the immobilized enzyme was not affected, and the activation energy of the enzyme catalyzed reaction was slightly affected by allopurinol.

The photoreaction behaviour of p-substituted sodium phenylsulphonate in aqueous solution and colloidal system has been studied by means of spin trapping-ESR method. The results indicated that the reaction processes and the intermediate free radicals formed were dependent of the pH values as well as the existence of colloid. The sulfur-centered radicals SO3- , which were the main product were observed, and the carboncentered radicals and hydrogen radicals were also detected in a certain range of pH values. It was discovered that the primary rate of free radical generation changed with the pH values in an exponential from while pH<4.

The effect of interionic potential to Dennan equilibrium has been investigated with HNC method. Also, the equilibrium density, the osmotic pressure and the Donnan potential of Donnan equllibrium have been calculated. It was found in our calculations that the Donnan potential is a more sensitive quantity to interionic potential than the osmotic pressure, which was thought to be particularly sensitive to interionic potential in the previous Donnan equllibrium investigations. If single ion activity coefficients are used, values of the Donnan potential would be much more different from the values which were obtained before, but it is more reasonable and more comparable with the experimental values.

 The overall protonation constants of three bridged crowned porphyrins and two cholesterol-porphyrins were determined by spectrometric methods and the quantum chemistry computation with HMO were made by 486 type microcomputer. The influence of electron effect and steric hindrance of substituting group on overall protonation constants was discussed.Experimental data and theoretical discussion showed that simple portonated cation (PH3+ ) has been formed before the formation of double protonated cation (PH42+ ), but simple protonated cation (PH32+) is unstable. Degree of porphyrins protonation depend on electron and steric effect. Protonation constants are increased by the donor groups through conjugate effect, while steric hindrance of substituting group reduces the constants decrease.

 In this paper, the synthesis of α, ω-azobenzen, viologen bichromophore long chain compounds, and the study on their photochemical and photophysical properties have been reported. The results indicated that the photoisomerization of azobenzene could regulat the constant of complexation between the viologen and eosin, and the photoregulating effect is correlated strongly with the length of the polymethylene spacer between two chromophores. Based on the spectra data of 1H NMR, the conformation effect has also been discussed and explained preliminarily.

A new electrochemical method is showed for study of physical chemisty character of surfactant systems, and particularly determination of second CMC. The diffusion coefficients of SDS and CATB micelles with different shapes are determined by cyclic voltammetry without any probe, and the first CMC and second CMC are obtained from the intersections of diffusion coefficients vs concentration curve (first CMC and second CMC are 8.0 ×10-3mol•L-1 and 5.6 ×10-2mol•L-1 for SDS, 8.9×10-4 and 2.1 ×10-2 mol•L-1 for CTAB)

The adsorption of H2S on MoO3/TiO2-Al2O3 was investigated by XPS, along with the measurement of breakthrough curve. The results showed: the amount of adsorbed H2S for each gram of MoO3 varied with the loadings of MoO3, and approached a maximum when the loading was 0.15g/g TiO2-Al2O3; the adsorption capacity of 0.15g MoO3/g TiO2-Al2O3 increased when the adsorbent was heated from 100 to 300℃, with the atomic ratio of S to Mo rising to c.a. 1, the adsorbent of 0.15g MoO3/gTiO2-Al2O3 could be regenerated easily by oxidation with air during 150 to 250℃; the adsorption process might be a chemical reaction as pointed out by reference [1]: H2S+MoO3=MoO3•SH2 or H2S+MoO3=MoO2•S+H2O.

Electrochemical oxidation of formic acid on PAN(Pd) electrode has been studied using conventional electrochemical techniques and the electrochemical in-situ FTIR. The process of electrochemical oxidation of PAN(Pd) electorde has been put forward. The kinetic parameters of different thickness of PAN film such as diffusion coefficient (D0) and reaction rate constant(k0) have been calculated. Furthermore, the causes of the difference between PAN(Pd) and pure Pd(or Pt) electrodes as well as the high electrocatalytic activation of PAN(Pd) electrode for oxidation of fomic acid have also been discussed. The high catalytic activation of PAN(Pd) electrode for oxidation of formic acid probably comes from the synergistic effect of the subcatalytic interaction of PAN and the catalytic interaction of the palladium microparticles.

The activity and conformation of ribonuclerse A (RNaseA) solubilized in cyclohexane via dodecylammonium butyrate(DAB) reverse micelles were investigated. The activity of RNaseA was studied using the cytidine 2’,3’ -phosphate as the substrate, and it was found that kcat increases significantly with respect to that in water attended by an increased Km•FT-IR spectra of RNaseA in reverse micellar solution were investigated as a function of w0(= [H2O]/ [DAB]), and it was noted that the structure of RNaseA became losser in reverse micelles campared to that in aqueous solution. The relation between activity and conformation was discussed.

Cluster models of SnO2(110) face and oxygen vacancies and oxygen adsorption on its surface have been calculated by EHMO method. The results show that a tin atom with a coordination number of four is the adsorption center, because the total energy of cluster model becomes lower when an oxygen atom adsorpts on the tin atom with a coordination number of four. The tin atom with this coordination number gains and loses electrons more easily than tin atoms with a coordination number of five. All tin atoms in the cluster of SnO2(110) face are Sn4+.

Based on the ab initio calculated results, the thermodynamic functions and kinetic parameters of the gas-phase hydrolysis of CF3C(O)F to CF3COOH have been calculated in the temperature range 200-1500 K with statistical thermodynamic method and Eyring’s transition state theory. The heat capacities of some important species ocurring in the reactions have been calculated and fitted in the formula (a + bT + cT2 + dT3 + eT4).

The coherent potential approximation (CPA) was used in the calculation of the vibrational spectra for absorbed 12CO/13CO mixtures on platinum. The theoretical results were compared with the surface IR-spectra of 12CO/13CO mixture absorbed on Pt-electrode. The results show that in the systems consisting of isotopic mixtures of CO on Pt(001), molecules interact mainly through their dipole fields.

Organic-anion-pillared layered double hydrotalcites such as Zn2AlTA(TA=terephthalate) are easily synthesized by using coprecipitation reaction of Zn2+ and Al3+ ions with terephthalic acid in NaOH solution. Exchange of this material under mild acidic conditions with the heteropolyanions proceeds smoothly to yield Zn2AlSiW11Co and Zn2Al-BW11Cu. Characterization has been carried out by elemental chemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and IR spectra. The results indicated that these materials possess exceptionally well-ordered gallery height of 0.98nm. It was found that this kind of pillared layered catalyst has high activity and selectivity for the oxidation of benzaldehyde to benzoic acid using H2O2 as oxidant in liquid-solid phase system.

The thermodyntamics of axial coordination reaction of Cobalt(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3)TPP with various ligands [L=Im(imidazole), MeIm (2-methydrimidazole), EMIm (2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole)] at different temperatures in dichloromethane solvent have been studied.
Cobalt(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3)TPP+nL↔ Cobalt(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3)TPP﹒Ln
The equilibrium constant (β) and stoichiometric number (n) of reaction (1) were measured by means of Shimadzu UV-240 spectrophotometer. The changes of standard molar enthalpy △ rHm? and molar entropy △rSm? of reaction (1) were calculated. The steric and electronic effects of the three axial ligands on the reaction were compared.
The kinetic study for the axial coordination faster reaction of Cobalt(Ⅱ) (p-OCH3)TPP with Im in dichloromethane at different temperatures by means of a Union Giken RA-401 stopped-flow spectrophotometer was reported. The mechanism of reaction (1) was postulated as follows:
Co(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3) TPP+ Im↔ Co(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3) TPP﹒Im
Co(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3) TPP﹒Im+Im→Co(Ⅱ)(p-OCH3) TPP﹒(Im)2
    The parameters K and k were evaluated. The △ rHm?, △rSm? of a pre-equilibrium step (2) and △r≠Hm, △r≠Sm of a rate-determining step (3) were also calculated.

By using an LKB2277 Bioactivity Monitor, we have determined the thermogenesis power curves of four kinds of Brucellas S2(55007), M5 (55009),83-202,83-980. And established the thermokinetic equation for the process of cell growth inhibited by the products of metabolism, as:
Ln[1/(β﹒Pt)-1]=ln[1/(β﹒P0)-1]-k0﹒t
From this equation, the rate constants of cell growth k [= k0(1 - β﹒P0)] were obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture and is very important for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics.

By using an LKB2277 Bioactivity Monitor, we have determined the thermogenesis power curves of four kinds of Brucellas S2(55007), M5 (55009),83-202,83-980. And established the thermokinetic equation for the process of cell growth inhibited by the products of metabolism, as:
Ln[1/(β﹒Pt)-1]=ln[1/(β﹒P0)-1]-k0﹒t
From this equation, the rate constants of cell growth k [= k0(1 - β﹒P0)] were obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture and is very important for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics.

 The photon-excited NO2 at 308 nm has been investigated by Time-Resolved FTIR spectroscopy. The IR fluorescence from highly excited NO2(X2 A1) in ν1 vibrational mode has been observed. These excited states are resulted from the strong vibronic mixing of electronic excited A2 B2/B2 B1 states with the ground X2 A1 state. It is considered that symmetric stretching ν1 mode is reserved from the photolysis because its vibrational style is unsuitable for dissociation.