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2015 Volume 32 Issue 10
2015, 32(10): 1099-1106
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150091
Abstract:
Biogenic synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles (Au,Ag) has many advantages,such as environmentally economic,easily preparation,and non-toxicity,and has become one of research focuses in recent years.In this paper,we mainly summarized the biogenic,especially plant-mediated synthesis of anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles by describing the physical and chemical properties.Moreover,the synthetic mechanisms of noble metal nanoparticles were discussed.Finally we made a prospect for the application of anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles and the main barriers.
Biogenic synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles (Au,Ag) has many advantages,such as environmentally economic,easily preparation,and non-toxicity,and has become one of research focuses in recent years.In this paper,we mainly summarized the biogenic,especially plant-mediated synthesis of anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles by describing the physical and chemical properties.Moreover,the synthetic mechanisms of noble metal nanoparticles were discussed.Finally we made a prospect for the application of anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles and the main barriers.
2015, 32(10): 1107-1113
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150116
Abstract:
Using a lysine mutant of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-EPMK) as the hapten carrier,artificial TMVEPMK/E3 antigens were fabricated by conjugating a small molecular estriol (E3) onto TMV-EPMK through "click" chemistry,and their immune response was evaluated in BALB/c mice.The results demonstrated that TMV-EPMK/E3 antigen containing the hydrophilic linker could enhance the E3 specific immune response with the higher Ig G antibody level (titer 21800) by displaying E3 on TMV surface with distinctive topology.This study investigated that immune response was affected by linker property using TMV as the hapten carrier.A hydrophilic linker could elicit a stronger immune response.
Using a lysine mutant of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-EPMK) as the hapten carrier,artificial TMVEPMK/E3 antigens were fabricated by conjugating a small molecular estriol (E3) onto TMV-EPMK through "click" chemistry,and their immune response was evaluated in BALB/c mice.The results demonstrated that TMV-EPMK/E3 antigen containing the hydrophilic linker could enhance the E3 specific immune response with the higher Ig G antibody level (titer 21800) by displaying E3 on TMV surface with distinctive topology.This study investigated that immune response was affected by linker property using TMV as the hapten carrier.A hydrophilic linker could elicit a stronger immune response.
2015, 32(10): 1114-1119
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150059
Abstract:
Eight cyclohexyl ((trimethylsilyl) methyl) stannanediyl bisarylcarboxylates were synthesized by the reaction of cyclohexyl (trimethylsilylmethyl) tin dichloride with arylcarboxylic acids.These compounds were characterized by IR,1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra and elemental analysis.The preliminary bioassay tests of these compounds show good antitumour activities in vitro against tumour cells A549 and the inhibition rates are over 75%.
Eight cyclohexyl ((trimethylsilyl) methyl) stannanediyl bisarylcarboxylates were synthesized by the reaction of cyclohexyl (trimethylsilylmethyl) tin dichloride with arylcarboxylic acids.These compounds were characterized by IR,1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra and elemental analysis.The preliminary bioassay tests of these compounds show good antitumour activities in vitro against tumour cells A549 and the inhibition rates are over 75%.
2015, 32(10): 1120-1126
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150055
Abstract:
Tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate was synthesized by the reaction of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide with L-mandelic acid.Its structure has been determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.The crystal is orthorhombic with space group P212121,a=0.80825(4) nm,b=1.77151(8) nm,c=1.8385(2) nm,α=β=γ=90°,V=2.6324(2) nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.310 g/nm3,μ(MoKα)=9.92 cm-1,F(000)=1080,R1=0.0472,wR2=0.1341.The tin atom has a distorted tetrahedral geometry.The stability of tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate,its orbital energies and composition characteristics of some frontier molecular orbitals have been investigated by quantum chemistry calculation by means of G03 W package and taking Lanl2 dz basis set.Further more,thermal stability,electrochemical property,CD spectrum and anticancer activity of tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate were also tested.
Tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate was synthesized by the reaction of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide with L-mandelic acid.Its structure has been determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.The crystal is orthorhombic with space group P212121,a=0.80825(4) nm,b=1.77151(8) nm,c=1.8385(2) nm,α=β=γ=90°,V=2.6324(2) nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.310 g/nm3,μ(MoKα)=9.92 cm-1,F(000)=1080,R1=0.0472,wR2=0.1341.The tin atom has a distorted tetrahedral geometry.The stability of tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate,its orbital energies and composition characteristics of some frontier molecular orbitals have been investigated by quantum chemistry calculation by means of G03 W package and taking Lanl2 dz basis set.Further more,thermal stability,electrochemical property,CD spectrum and anticancer activity of tricyclohexyltin L-mandeliate were also tested.
2015, 32(10): 1127-1133
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150036
Abstract:
A new silver coordination compound[Ag(mtyaa)]2·5(H2O)(mtyaa:2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio) acetic acid anion) has been synthesized by diffusion method and characterized by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analysis,FTIR spectroscopy,thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction.The crystal belongs to a triclinic system with a P1 space group.The cell parameters are:a=0.8473(4) nm,b=1.0620(5) nm,c=1.2055(6) nm,α=102.321(8)°,β=99.951(9)°,γ=96.298(9)°,V=1.0317(9) nm3,Z=2,Dc=2.203 g/cm3,F(000)=676,R1=0.0670,wR2=0.1558.The mtyaa ligand takes two kinds of coordination modes and the tetracoordinated Ag center is bridged by an endocyclic nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom from the adjacent mtyaa ligand to form a two dimensional structure.The two dimensional structure is further linked to a three dimensional network by numerous hydrogen bonds.The fluorescent property of the title compound was discussed.The result shows that the title compound exhibits two weak emission peaks at 467 and 492 nm and one broad emission band with a maximum at ca.530 nm when the excitation wavelength is 350 nm.
A new silver coordination compound[Ag(mtyaa)]2·5(H2O)(mtyaa:2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio) acetic acid anion) has been synthesized by diffusion method and characterized by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analysis,FTIR spectroscopy,thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction.The crystal belongs to a triclinic system with a P1 space group.The cell parameters are:a=0.8473(4) nm,b=1.0620(5) nm,c=1.2055(6) nm,α=102.321(8)°,β=99.951(9)°,γ=96.298(9)°,V=1.0317(9) nm3,Z=2,Dc=2.203 g/cm3,F(000)=676,R1=0.0670,wR2=0.1558.The mtyaa ligand takes two kinds of coordination modes and the tetracoordinated Ag center is bridged by an endocyclic nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom from the adjacent mtyaa ligand to form a two dimensional structure.The two dimensional structure is further linked to a three dimensional network by numerous hydrogen bonds.The fluorescent property of the title compound was discussed.The result shows that the title compound exhibits two weak emission peaks at 467 and 492 nm and one broad emission band with a maximum at ca.530 nm when the excitation wavelength is 350 nm.
2015, 32(10): 1134-1138
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150061
Abstract:
A new nonlinear optical (NLO) organic material,1-(pyrene-1-yl)-3-(4-dimethyl aminophenyl) acrylic ketone (PMAK),was synthesized and characterized with 1H NMR,IR,MS and elemental analysis.Meanwhile,the three-order nonlinear optical property of PMAK was tested by the Nd:YAG powder laser technology and the relevant parameters were determined.Nanosecond results are as follows:the refractive index n2=-3.5×10-17m2/W,the absorption coefficient β=7.0×10-10 m/W,the polarization rate χ(3)=2.54×10-11 esu,the molecular hyperpolarizability γ=3.44×10-30 esu.Picosecond results are as follows:n2=-2.8×10-18m2/W,β=8.3×10-11 m/W,χ(3)=2.49×10-12 esu,γ=3.33×10-31 esu.
A new nonlinear optical (NLO) organic material,1-(pyrene-1-yl)-3-(4-dimethyl aminophenyl) acrylic ketone (PMAK),was synthesized and characterized with 1H NMR,IR,MS and elemental analysis.Meanwhile,the three-order nonlinear optical property of PMAK was tested by the Nd:YAG powder laser technology and the relevant parameters were determined.Nanosecond results are as follows:the refractive index n2=-3.5×10-17m2/W,the absorption coefficient β=7.0×10-10 m/W,the polarization rate χ(3)=2.54×10-11 esu,the molecular hyperpolarizability γ=3.44×10-30 esu.Picosecond results are as follows:n2=-2.8×10-18m2/W,β=8.3×10-11 m/W,χ(3)=2.49×10-12 esu,γ=3.33×10-31 esu.
2015, 32(10): 1139-1145
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150186
Abstract:
In this paper,we fabricated high efficiency fluorescen/phosphorescent hybrid white organic lightemitting diodes with phosphorescent red,fluorescent blue and phosphorescent green three emitters without spacer.We used bis[N-(1-napthyl)-N-phenyl-amino] tetraphenyl (4P-NPD) as the fluorescent blue emitter due to its high fluorescence quantum yield (PLQY),the commonly used Ir (MDQ)2(acac)[MDQ:2-methyldibenzo[f,h] quinoxaline,acac:acetylacetonate]and Ir(ppy)3(acac)[ppy:2-phenylpyridine] were selected as the phosphorescent red and green dopants,respectively.We fabricated the corresponding emitting-layers by blending and doping methods to realize the highly efficient utilization in emitting layers and white light emission.The max current efficiency and power efficiency reach 27.1 cd/A and 30.3 lm/W,respectively.At the driving voltage of 6 V,the device can give off white light with the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE)(0.33,0.41),Colour rendering index (CRI) of 70 and Correlated colour temperature (CCT) of 5432 K.On the basis of above structure,we also fabricated hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with high CCT,which reaches 7106 K.
In this paper,we fabricated high efficiency fluorescen/phosphorescent hybrid white organic lightemitting diodes with phosphorescent red,fluorescent blue and phosphorescent green three emitters without spacer.We used bis[N-(1-napthyl)-N-phenyl-amino] tetraphenyl (4P-NPD) as the fluorescent blue emitter due to its high fluorescence quantum yield (PLQY),the commonly used Ir (MDQ)2(acac)[MDQ:2-methyldibenzo[f,h] quinoxaline,acac:acetylacetonate]and Ir(ppy)3(acac)[ppy:2-phenylpyridine] were selected as the phosphorescent red and green dopants,respectively.We fabricated the corresponding emitting-layers by blending and doping methods to realize the highly efficient utilization in emitting layers and white light emission.The max current efficiency and power efficiency reach 27.1 cd/A and 30.3 lm/W,respectively.At the driving voltage of 6 V,the device can give off white light with the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE)(0.33,0.41),Colour rendering index (CRI) of 70 and Correlated colour temperature (CCT) of 5432 K.On the basis of above structure,we also fabricated hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with high CCT,which reaches 7106 K.
2015, 32(10): 1146-1152
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150095
Abstract:
Two binary blends of tributylmethylammoniu bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ([TBMA][NTf2]) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVM),1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]) and EVM were prepared by melt blending.The blend of EVM and [TBMA][NTf2] is fully miscible and shows better anti-static electricity,while the blend of EVM and [BMIMBF4] is immiscible.In addition,TGA analysis indicated that[TBMA][NTf2] promoted EVM pyrogenation,while[EMIM][BF4] had little influence on the thermal stability of EVM.EVM filled with [TBMA][NTf2] is flexible at room temperature.The modulus of EVM/[TBMA][NTf2] composite is 0.58 MPa and the elongation at break is as high as 2997% with 20% mass fraction loading of ionic liquids.
Two binary blends of tributylmethylammoniu bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ([TBMA][NTf2]) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVM),1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]) and EVM were prepared by melt blending.The blend of EVM and [TBMA][NTf2] is fully miscible and shows better anti-static electricity,while the blend of EVM and [BMIMBF4] is immiscible.In addition,TGA analysis indicated that[TBMA][NTf2] promoted EVM pyrogenation,while[EMIM][BF4] had little influence on the thermal stability of EVM.EVM filled with [TBMA][NTf2] is flexible at room temperature.The modulus of EVM/[TBMA][NTf2] composite is 0.58 MPa and the elongation at break is as high as 2997% with 20% mass fraction loading of ionic liquids.
2015, 32(10): 1153-1158
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150127
Abstract:
Considering the melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin with encapsulated red phosphorus (MFRP) releases large amounts of phosphine in the process of transportation,storage and application,MFRP was modified with glycol and 1,4-butanediol to reduce the release of phosphine and its phosphine release quantity was compared with unmodified MFRP.Under the condition of simulating material processing,pure red phosphorus (RP) released 44.51 mg/L phosphine,MFRP released 24.13 mg/L phosphine and modified MFRP released 8.05 mg/L,respectively.It is obvious that the modification has significant effect on the release quantity.The structures of MFRP before and after modification were characterized with FTIR.The results of TG/DTG show that the initial decomposition temperature of the modified MFRP is reduced from 264℃ to 182℃,while the maximum decomposition rate is decreased from 11%/min to 4.1%/min and the amount of residues remains the same (11%) at 800℃.
Considering the melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin with encapsulated red phosphorus (MFRP) releases large amounts of phosphine in the process of transportation,storage and application,MFRP was modified with glycol and 1,4-butanediol to reduce the release of phosphine and its phosphine release quantity was compared with unmodified MFRP.Under the condition of simulating material processing,pure red phosphorus (RP) released 44.51 mg/L phosphine,MFRP released 24.13 mg/L phosphine and modified MFRP released 8.05 mg/L,respectively.It is obvious that the modification has significant effect on the release quantity.The structures of MFRP before and after modification were characterized with FTIR.The results of TG/DTG show that the initial decomposition temperature of the modified MFRP is reduced from 264℃ to 182℃,while the maximum decomposition rate is decreased from 11%/min to 4.1%/min and the amount of residues remains the same (11%) at 800℃.
2015, 32(10): 1159-1163
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150107
Abstract:
Sodium tungstate/hydroperoxide was used for the preparation of glucuronic acid and its lactone by selective oxidation of primary hydroxyl group of methyl glucoside.The effects of different catalytic oxidative conditions on the yield were studied.The products were determined by HPLC.A reaction mechanism was proposed.The catalytic system exhibits high activity and good selectivity on the oxidation of primary hydroxyl of methyl glycoside.Combined yield of glucuronic acid and its lactone is up to 74.07%.Compared with the traditional HNO3 oxidation of starch,this process is more environmental-friendly and economical.
Sodium tungstate/hydroperoxide was used for the preparation of glucuronic acid and its lactone by selective oxidation of primary hydroxyl group of methyl glucoside.The effects of different catalytic oxidative conditions on the yield were studied.The products were determined by HPLC.A reaction mechanism was proposed.The catalytic system exhibits high activity and good selectivity on the oxidation of primary hydroxyl of methyl glycoside.Combined yield of glucuronic acid and its lactone is up to 74.07%.Compared with the traditional HNO3 oxidation of starch,this process is more environmental-friendly and economical.
2015, 32(10): 1164-1169
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150083
Abstract:
An activated carbon supported Pt-Fe bimetallic catalyst (Pt-Fe/AC) was prepared by impregnation reduction method,and its catalytic performance for selective hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) to p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) was investigated.Compared with Pt/AC catalyst,the Pt-Fe/AC catalyst exhibited higher activity and excellent inhibition of dechlorination.One hundred percent selectivity towards p-CAN at complete conversion of p-CNB was achieved under the following conditions:30℃ for 150 min,1.0 MPa H2,ethanol as solvent,and 0.02 g Pt0.003-Fe0.04/AC catalyst (the lower case numbers represent the mass fraction of related metal in the catalyst) per gram p-CNB.The high selectivity towards p-CAN remained even at high temperature and H2 pressure.The as-prepared catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The results show that Pt and Fe are well dispersed on the AC surface.The higher activity and excellent selectivity of the Pt0.003-Fe0.04/AC are primarily derived from the electron-deficient state of Pt due to the electronic effect of Pt nanoparticles with Fe,which weakened the extent of electron feedback from Pt particles to the aromatic ring of p-CAN and suppressed the hydrodechlorination of p-CAN.
An activated carbon supported Pt-Fe bimetallic catalyst (Pt-Fe/AC) was prepared by impregnation reduction method,and its catalytic performance for selective hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) to p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) was investigated.Compared with Pt/AC catalyst,the Pt-Fe/AC catalyst exhibited higher activity and excellent inhibition of dechlorination.One hundred percent selectivity towards p-CAN at complete conversion of p-CNB was achieved under the following conditions:30℃ for 150 min,1.0 MPa H2,ethanol as solvent,and 0.02 g Pt0.003-Fe0.04/AC catalyst (the lower case numbers represent the mass fraction of related metal in the catalyst) per gram p-CNB.The high selectivity towards p-CAN remained even at high temperature and H2 pressure.The as-prepared catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The results show that Pt and Fe are well dispersed on the AC surface.The higher activity and excellent selectivity of the Pt0.003-Fe0.04/AC are primarily derived from the electron-deficient state of Pt due to the electronic effect of Pt nanoparticles with Fe,which weakened the extent of electron feedback from Pt particles to the aromatic ring of p-CAN and suppressed the hydrodechlorination of p-CAN.
2015, 32(10): 1170-1176
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150021
Abstract:
Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials with multi-wall structures were prepared by the template-assisted two-step method and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TG),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.The effect of Ti4+ doping amount (0.000~0.200 at.%) on the photocatalytic property of ZnO nanofiber materials was studied by the model degradation reaction of methylene blue (MB).The results show that Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials with multi-wall structures are successfully prepared via the templated-assisted two-step method,doping Ti4+ can greatly change the nano-structure of the Ti4+/ZnO fiber materials,and the photocatalytic activity of Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials are higher than that of ZnO.The improved photocatalytic activity of Ti4+/ZnO multi-wall nanofibers can be mainly ascribed to the formation of the active site-O2--Ti4+-O2--Zn2+-and the efficient migration of the photogenerated charges e--h+ from particle to particle in Ti4+/ZnO.
Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials with multi-wall structures were prepared by the template-assisted two-step method and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TG),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.The effect of Ti4+ doping amount (0.000~0.200 at.%) on the photocatalytic property of ZnO nanofiber materials was studied by the model degradation reaction of methylene blue (MB).The results show that Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials with multi-wall structures are successfully prepared via the templated-assisted two-step method,doping Ti4+ can greatly change the nano-structure of the Ti4+/ZnO fiber materials,and the photocatalytic activity of Ti4+/ZnO nanofiber materials are higher than that of ZnO.The improved photocatalytic activity of Ti4+/ZnO multi-wall nanofibers can be mainly ascribed to the formation of the active site-O2--Ti4+-O2--Zn2+-and the efficient migration of the photogenerated charges e--h+ from particle to particle in Ti4+/ZnO.
2015, 32(10): 1177-1183
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150087
Abstract:
Porous nickel was electrodeposited by the reduction of nickel ions with the evolution of hydrogen bubble in aqueous solution.This material shows outstanding performance for electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol in a strong base solution.Quasi-reversible proton coupled electron transfer reaction between β-Ni (OH)2 and β-Ni OOH is observed for porous nickel in 1 mol/L KOH solution.From the cyclic voltammograms,a linear relationship between peak current density and square root of potential scan rate is obtained.Based on this relationship,proton diffusion coefficient is calculated to be 2.92×10-8 cm2/s for porous nickel,which is four order of magnitude higher than that for bulk nickel due to the increased real surface area.Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have been used to characterize the electrocatalytic oxidation ability of porous nickel toward ethanol.In comparison to Ni (220),porous nickel gives a higher catalytic efficiency.The catalytic reaction rate constant is measured to be 7.17×103 cm3/(mol·s) by chronoamperometry.
Porous nickel was electrodeposited by the reduction of nickel ions with the evolution of hydrogen bubble in aqueous solution.This material shows outstanding performance for electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol in a strong base solution.Quasi-reversible proton coupled electron transfer reaction between β-Ni (OH)2 and β-Ni OOH is observed for porous nickel in 1 mol/L KOH solution.From the cyclic voltammograms,a linear relationship between peak current density and square root of potential scan rate is obtained.Based on this relationship,proton diffusion coefficient is calculated to be 2.92×10-8 cm2/s for porous nickel,which is four order of magnitude higher than that for bulk nickel due to the increased real surface area.Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have been used to characterize the electrocatalytic oxidation ability of porous nickel toward ethanol.In comparison to Ni (220),porous nickel gives a higher catalytic efficiency.The catalytic reaction rate constant is measured to be 7.17×103 cm3/(mol·s) by chronoamperometry.
2015, 32(10): 1184-1189
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150099
Abstract:
The copper ferrite was prepared by an one-pot microwave assisted sintering process with cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) as the template and copper and ionic nitrates as the reactants.The morphology and microstructure of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and FT-IR spectroscopy.The as-prepared CuFe2O4 exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with the lithiation/delithiation capacity of 1202.2 mA·h/g and 873.2 mA·h/g (at the current 100 mA/g),respectively,and the capacities are maintained over 650 mA·h/g even after 50 charge/discharge cycles.
The copper ferrite was prepared by an one-pot microwave assisted sintering process with cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) as the template and copper and ionic nitrates as the reactants.The morphology and microstructure of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and FT-IR spectroscopy.The as-prepared CuFe2O4 exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with the lithiation/delithiation capacity of 1202.2 mA·h/g and 873.2 mA·h/g (at the current 100 mA/g),respectively,and the capacities are maintained over 650 mA·h/g even after 50 charge/discharge cycles.
2015, 32(10): 1190-1195
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150089
Abstract:
Fluorocarbon surfactant as the highest surface active surfactant shows a good potential in enhanced oil recovery area.The dilational rheological properties of perfluorooctane sulfonamide dimethyl ammonium ethanol sulfonate (FS) at the oil/water interface were investigated using the oscillating barriers method at low frequency (0.033~0.1 Hz).Many factors,such as the oscillating frequency,bulk concentration and salts,greatly affect the dilational rheological properties.The results reveal that the dilational modulus and elasticity increase and the dilational viscosity slightly increase as the dilational frequency increases.The dilational modulus passes through a maximum value with the FS concentration increasing.Additionally,adding a moderate concentration of Na Cl can increase the FS dilational modulus,while adding CaCl2 or MgCl2 yields opposite results,and the concentration of Ca Cl2 or Mg Cl2 reaches to 0.05% and 0.1%,respectively,tanθ is less than 45°.
Fluorocarbon surfactant as the highest surface active surfactant shows a good potential in enhanced oil recovery area.The dilational rheological properties of perfluorooctane sulfonamide dimethyl ammonium ethanol sulfonate (FS) at the oil/water interface were investigated using the oscillating barriers method at low frequency (0.033~0.1 Hz).Many factors,such as the oscillating frequency,bulk concentration and salts,greatly affect the dilational rheological properties.The results reveal that the dilational modulus and elasticity increase and the dilational viscosity slightly increase as the dilational frequency increases.The dilational modulus passes through a maximum value with the FS concentration increasing.Additionally,adding a moderate concentration of Na Cl can increase the FS dilational modulus,while adding CaCl2 or MgCl2 yields opposite results,and the concentration of Ca Cl2 or Mg Cl2 reaches to 0.05% and 0.1%,respectively,tanθ is less than 45°.
2015, 32(10): 1196-1200
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150076
Abstract:
The secondary metabolites of the medicinal mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp.B21 were investigated.Five compounds were firstly isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation mixture using silica gel column chromatography,preparative thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization.The structures of these compounds were identified as janthinone (1),emodin (2),citreorosein (3),decarboxydihydrocitrinone (4) and sclerotinin B (5),by comprehensive spectroscopic characterizations,X-ray single crystal diffraction as well as comparison with reported data.The single crystal structure of compound 5was firstly obtained.
The secondary metabolites of the medicinal mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp.B21 were investigated.Five compounds were firstly isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation mixture using silica gel column chromatography,preparative thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization.The structures of these compounds were identified as janthinone (1),emodin (2),citreorosein (3),decarboxydihydrocitrinone (4) and sclerotinin B (5),by comprehensive spectroscopic characterizations,X-ray single crystal diffraction as well as comparison with reported data.The single crystal structure of compound 5was firstly obtained.
2015, 32(10): 1201-1207
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150092
Abstract:
Comparison between ambient temperature and thermal surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS) was made with pericarp of navel orange.The main components including aroma compounds,flavanones and sugars were identified by tandem mass spectrometry.Following the method of thermal DAPCI-MS,the mass spectra of epicarp were obtained and were further analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA),which allows a confident discrimination of navel orange samples from three different origins.The results show that aroma compounds are desorbed effectively by ambient temperature DAPCI-MS,while flavanones,sugars and its derivatives are analyzed easily by thermal DAPCI-MS.DAPCI-MS is attractive by showing the advantage of high sensitivity and analytical speed,and thus provides a possible new method to rapidly screen the quality of agricultural products and distinguish origins.
Comparison between ambient temperature and thermal surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS) was made with pericarp of navel orange.The main components including aroma compounds,flavanones and sugars were identified by tandem mass spectrometry.Following the method of thermal DAPCI-MS,the mass spectra of epicarp were obtained and were further analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA),which allows a confident discrimination of navel orange samples from three different origins.The results show that aroma compounds are desorbed effectively by ambient temperature DAPCI-MS,while flavanones,sugars and its derivatives are analyzed easily by thermal DAPCI-MS.DAPCI-MS is attractive by showing the advantage of high sensitivity and analytical speed,and thus provides a possible new method to rapidly screen the quality of agricultural products and distinguish origins.
2015, 32(10): 1208-1214
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150012
Abstract:
White ash safety storage is a serious problem because it contains toxic arsenic compounds.The phase analysis of white ash will provide some important information for how to handle these ashes and make it satisfy environment requirement.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides information on the chemical state of elements in bulk samples and single minerals,as well as the qualitative and quantitative determination of the surface or reaction layers (less than 10 nm thick) of minerals and grains.In this paper,to determine the chemical states and content of various elements,the phase composition and chemical states in white ash of an enterprise in He'nan province were studied by XPS and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results indicate that the relative content of As runs up to 20.99%,in which 11% is As (Ⅲ),and the rest is As (Ⅴ).In addition,the sample contains small amounts of Cu,Pb,Zn and their oxides.Based on the composition of the sample,a novel acid leaching method by hydrogen peroxide selective oxidation was proposed for removing arsenic.The method can make As (Ⅲ) convert to As (Ⅴ) with low toxicity and improve arsenic leaching ratio.The ratio can runs up to 97.1% in the best leaching process.
White ash safety storage is a serious problem because it contains toxic arsenic compounds.The phase analysis of white ash will provide some important information for how to handle these ashes and make it satisfy environment requirement.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides information on the chemical state of elements in bulk samples and single minerals,as well as the qualitative and quantitative determination of the surface or reaction layers (less than 10 nm thick) of minerals and grains.In this paper,to determine the chemical states and content of various elements,the phase composition and chemical states in white ash of an enterprise in He'nan province were studied by XPS and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results indicate that the relative content of As runs up to 20.99%,in which 11% is As (Ⅲ),and the rest is As (Ⅴ).In addition,the sample contains small amounts of Cu,Pb,Zn and their oxides.Based on the composition of the sample,a novel acid leaching method by hydrogen peroxide selective oxidation was proposed for removing arsenic.The method can make As (Ⅲ) convert to As (Ⅴ) with low toxicity and improve arsenic leaching ratio.The ratio can runs up to 97.1% in the best leaching process.
2015, 32(10): 1215-1220
doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2015.10.150056
Abstract:
The color response of brilliant blue to the acidity of solutions (H+ concentration 0.1 mol/L) and the mechanism were studied using a prepared high acidity test paper.The results show that the colors of dissolved or fixed brilliant blue vary with the change of the acidity of solutions.It turns regularly from blue,green,kelly to yellow with the increase of H+ equilibrium concentration from 0.1 to 9.0 mol/L in the solution.The color transition only depends on the acidity of the solution and is unaffected by the acid type or its oxidation.The absorption phenomena between the color variation of brilliant blue and solution acidity were investigated by spectrophotometry,and the mechanism was also proposed.The high acidity paper was prepared based on the color response of brilliant blue to the acidity.It can be used to directly detect the H+concentration of the solution in the range of 0.1~9.0 mol/L with the accuracy of ±1 mol/L.
The color response of brilliant blue to the acidity of solutions (H+ concentration 0.1 mol/L) and the mechanism were studied using a prepared high acidity test paper.The results show that the colors of dissolved or fixed brilliant blue vary with the change of the acidity of solutions.It turns regularly from blue,green,kelly to yellow with the increase of H+ equilibrium concentration from 0.1 to 9.0 mol/L in the solution.The color transition only depends on the acidity of the solution and is unaffected by the acid type or its oxidation.The absorption phenomena between the color variation of brilliant blue and solution acidity were investigated by spectrophotometry,and the mechanism was also proposed.The high acidity paper was prepared based on the color response of brilliant blue to the acidity.It can be used to directly detect the H+concentration of the solution in the range of 0.1~9.0 mol/L with the accuracy of ±1 mol/L.
