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1993 Volume 10 Issue 2
1993, 10(2): 1-4
Abstract:
A novel kind of polymeric solid electrolyte, PVSEO21, possessing both ion conductivity and electrochromism, was synthesized. PVSEO21-based solid ECD was characterized by double-side displaying property. The driving voltage was greater than 1.5V. Response time for coloring and bleaching was 0.6s and 1.1s, respectively. The half memory life under open circuit was about 5 hours. The maximum absorption wavelength of its coloring state located at 549 nm,and it could display the color from bluish violet to pale yellow reversibly.
A novel kind of polymeric solid electrolyte, PVSEO21, possessing both ion conductivity and electrochromism, was synthesized. PVSEO21-based solid ECD was characterized by double-side displaying property. The driving voltage was greater than 1.5V. Response time for coloring and bleaching was 0.6s and 1.1s, respectively. The half memory life under open circuit was about 5 hours. The maximum absorption wavelength of its coloring state located at 549 nm,and it could display the color from bluish violet to pale yellow reversibly.
1993, 10(2): 5-8
Abstract:
Poly(styrene-acrylic acid)supported praseodymium complex (SAAC·Pr) has been synthesized and characterized. The infrared spectra of SAAC·Pr indicated the presence of bidentate carboxylate structure:Pr
C-R The sequence distribution of the monomeric units in the complex has been calculated. The long sequences of styrene and acrylic acid increase with the increase of the monomer content in the copolymet. The longer the sequence of acrylic acid,the lower the catalytic activity of SAAC·Pr. The complex showed the highest activity when ratio of the number average sequence of styrene to that of acrylic acid was 3:1.
Poly(styrene-acrylic acid)supported praseodymium complex (SAAC·Pr) has been synthesized and characterized. The infrared spectra of SAAC·Pr indicated the presence of bidentate carboxylate structure:Pr
C-R The sequence distribution of the monomeric units in the complex has been calculated. The long sequences of styrene and acrylic acid increase with the increase of the monomer content in the copolymet. The longer the sequence of acrylic acid,the lower the catalytic activity of SAAC·Pr. The complex showed the highest activity when ratio of the number average sequence of styrene to that of acrylic acid was 3:1.
1993, 10(2): 9-12
Abstract:
Aminated macroporous PVC bead was used as carrier to prepare immobilized papain samples by glutaraldehyde through crosslinking reaction. The hydrolytic activity of the immobilized papain was determined using casein as substrate. The factors affecting the activity of immobilized papains such as reaction tirne,temperature,pH,amount of papaln and concentration of glutaraldehyde were studied. The immobilized papain has a remarkable increase in the stability and better reuse ability than natural papain.
Aminated macroporous PVC bead was used as carrier to prepare immobilized papain samples by glutaraldehyde through crosslinking reaction. The hydrolytic activity of the immobilized papain was determined using casein as substrate. The factors affecting the activity of immobilized papains such as reaction tirne,temperature,pH,amount of papaln and concentration of glutaraldehyde were studied. The immobilized papain has a remarkable increase in the stability and better reuse ability than natural papain.
1993, 10(2): 13-16
Abstract:
The oligomer of epithiopropyl butyl ether (PSB) with Mn=1600 was synthesized and its transport properties as a mobile carrier for Ag (Ⅰ) in bulk liquid membrane system were studied. It was found that the presence of the oligomer carrier in liquid membrane is necessary for transport of Ag (Ⅱ) and the transportion rate of Ag (Ⅰ) is dependent on the carrier concentration in liquid membrane, the thickness of liquid membrane,the acidity and the concentration of Ag(Ⅰ) in source phase and the additives in receiving phase. In the system AgNO3(aq)/PSB-ClCH2CH2Cl/NH3·H2O(aq),Ag(Ⅰ) can be transported from source phase to receiving phase completely under the appropriate conditions and only the Ag(Ⅰ) can be transported to receiving phase selectively from Ag(Ⅰ)-K(Ⅰ)-Cu (Ⅱ)-Zn (Ⅱ) mixtrue. The carrier can be used repeatedly without marked lose of its activity and selectivity.
The oligomer of epithiopropyl butyl ether (PSB) with Mn=1600 was synthesized and its transport properties as a mobile carrier for Ag (Ⅰ) in bulk liquid membrane system were studied. It was found that the presence of the oligomer carrier in liquid membrane is necessary for transport of Ag (Ⅱ) and the transportion rate of Ag (Ⅰ) is dependent on the carrier concentration in liquid membrane, the thickness of liquid membrane,the acidity and the concentration of Ag(Ⅰ) in source phase and the additives in receiving phase. In the system AgNO3(aq)/PSB-ClCH2CH2Cl/NH3·H2O(aq),Ag(Ⅰ) can be transported from source phase to receiving phase completely under the appropriate conditions and only the Ag(Ⅰ) can be transported to receiving phase selectively from Ag(Ⅰ)-K(Ⅰ)-Cu (Ⅱ)-Zn (Ⅱ) mixtrue. The carrier can be used repeatedly without marked lose of its activity and selectivity.
1993, 10(2): 17-19
Abstract:
Hydrothermal crystallization of silica zeolite from nonalkaline media containing F-anions has been investigated. The MFI type (ZSM-5) silica zeolites were obtained with tripropylamine,choline, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane or piperazine as template. Silica Thetα-1 and ZSM-39 were prepared using 1,6-diaminohexane and tetramethylamminum cation as template, respectively. Highly resolved 29Si MAS NMR spectra of silica zeolites from nonalkaline media reveal new feature of the materials, which are indicative of the very low defect content and very high crystallinity.
Hydrothermal crystallization of silica zeolite from nonalkaline media containing F-anions has been investigated. The MFI type (ZSM-5) silica zeolites were obtained with tripropylamine,choline, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane or piperazine as template. Silica Thetα-1 and ZSM-39 were prepared using 1,6-diaminohexane and tetramethylamminum cation as template, respectively. Highly resolved 29Si MAS NMR spectra of silica zeolites from nonalkaline media reveal new feature of the materials, which are indicative of the very low defect content and very high crystallinity.
1993, 10(2): 20-23
Abstract:
Eight new title compounds 5a-h were synthesized by condensation of 2-chloro-substituted benzothiazole and α-hydroxy alkyl (phenyl)phosphonate in yield of 51%~95%. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis. IR. 1H NMR and MS measurements.and their herbicidal activities were tested.
Eight new title compounds 5a-h were synthesized by condensation of 2-chloro-substituted benzothiazole and α-hydroxy alkyl (phenyl)phosphonate in yield of 51%~95%. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis. IR. 1H NMR and MS measurements.and their herbicidal activities were tested.
1993, 10(2): 24-27
Abstract:
Phenolphthalein poly (ether ether sulphone)(PES-C) was found to be miscible with uncured bisphenol-α-type epoxy resin, i.e., diglyeidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA),as shown by the existence of a single glass transition temperature within the whole composition range. Miscibility between PES-C and DGEBA is considered to be due mainly to entropy contribution. However, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) studies revealed that the overall compatibility and the resulting morphology of the cured blends are dependent on the curing agent. For the blends cured with amines (4,4'-diamino diphenyl methane, 4,4'-diamino diphenyl sulfone), no phase separation occurs as indicated by either DMA or SEM. However, for the blends cured with anhydrides (maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride), both DMA and SEM clearly show the phase separation. The differences in the overall compatibility and the resulting morphology between the aminecured and anhydride-cured systems have been discussed in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics.
Phenolphthalein poly (ether ether sulphone)(PES-C) was found to be miscible with uncured bisphenol-α-type epoxy resin, i.e., diglyeidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA),as shown by the existence of a single glass transition temperature within the whole composition range. Miscibility between PES-C and DGEBA is considered to be due mainly to entropy contribution. However, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) studies revealed that the overall compatibility and the resulting morphology of the cured blends are dependent on the curing agent. For the blends cured with amines (4,4'-diamino diphenyl methane, 4,4'-diamino diphenyl sulfone), no phase separation occurs as indicated by either DMA or SEM. However, for the blends cured with anhydrides (maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride), both DMA and SEM clearly show the phase separation. The differences in the overall compatibility and the resulting morphology between the aminecured and anhydride-cured systems have been discussed in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics.
1993, 10(2): 28-31
Abstract:
Butyl methacrylate (BMA) has been graft copolymerized onto styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS) by using butyl methacrylate as solvent simultaneously and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The structure of the graft copolymer was determined by IR,NMR and TEM. Effects of polymerization temperature, time,concentration of initiator and SBS on graft copolymerization were investigated.
Butyl methacrylate (BMA) has been graft copolymerized onto styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS) by using butyl methacrylate as solvent simultaneously and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The structure of the graft copolymer was determined by IR,NMR and TEM. Effects of polymerization temperature, time,concentration of initiator and SBS on graft copolymerization were investigated.
1993, 10(2): 32-34
Abstract:
The crystallization and dynamic mechanical behaviour of LDPE/EVA blends were studied by DSC, WAXD, optical microscopy. Results showed that the melting peak temperature of the LDPE in the LDPE/EVA blends was 15℃ higher than that of the pure LDPE. The EVA acts as a diluent in the crystallization of the LDPE. The LDPE/EVA blend system was compatible in amorphous regions.
The crystallization and dynamic mechanical behaviour of LDPE/EVA blends were studied by DSC, WAXD, optical microscopy. Results showed that the melting peak temperature of the LDPE in the LDPE/EVA blends was 15℃ higher than that of the pure LDPE. The EVA acts as a diluent in the crystallization of the LDPE. The LDPE/EVA blend system was compatible in amorphous regions.
1993, 10(2): 35-37
Abstract:
The possibility of separation of formic add-water azeotropic mixtures by membrane distillation was studied for the first time. The results indicated that azeotope dissapeared when formic acid aqueous solution was treated by membrane distillation.
The possibility of separation of formic add-water azeotropic mixtures by membrane distillation was studied for the first time. The results indicated that azeotope dissapeared when formic acid aqueous solution was treated by membrane distillation.
1993, 10(2): 38-41
Abstract:
Interactions between neodymium, europium and acid dyes, eatiortic dyes, active dyes, and directive dyes have been studied by means of UV, NMR and IR spectrum measurements. The results show that the interaction pattern between rare-earth ions and dyes depends on the molecular structure of dyes. For most of dyes, such as cationic dyes, active dyes, directive dyes and some of acid dyes, coordination does not occur. It is possible to form complex between rare-earth ions and dyes like methyl red under certain conditions, but whether the azo group of the dye participates in the coordination stiU needs further studies. Mordant dyes, like Chrome Black AC, possessing strong coordination ability, can form complex with rare-earth ions as the mordant dyes do with Cr(Ⅲ).
Interactions between neodymium, europium and acid dyes, eatiortic dyes, active dyes, and directive dyes have been studied by means of UV, NMR and IR spectrum measurements. The results show that the interaction pattern between rare-earth ions and dyes depends on the molecular structure of dyes. For most of dyes, such as cationic dyes, active dyes, directive dyes and some of acid dyes, coordination does not occur. It is possible to form complex between rare-earth ions and dyes like methyl red under certain conditions, but whether the azo group of the dye participates in the coordination stiU needs further studies. Mordant dyes, like Chrome Black AC, possessing strong coordination ability, can form complex with rare-earth ions as the mordant dyes do with Cr(Ⅲ).
1993, 10(2): 42-46
Abstract:
The absorption mechanism of a novel separation absorbent containing sulfhydryl group has been studied in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics. The results indicate that the adsorbent is able to absorb heavy metal ions:Cu2+,Pb2+,Cd2+, and Zn2+. The predominant process of the adsorption is a chemical adsorption. The amount of the adsorption on the outer and internal surface of the adsorbent is 19% and 81% for Cu2+;6% and 94% for Pb2+; 17% and 83% for Zn2+, respectively ; while the adsorption of Cd2+ is controlled only by internal diffusion. For Cd2+ only an outer surface adsorption was observed. The XPS results show that Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ are adsorbed and thus enriched by the novel separation adsorbent. The Cu2+ adsorbed may be then reduced to Cu0.
The absorption mechanism of a novel separation absorbent containing sulfhydryl group has been studied in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics. The results indicate that the adsorbent is able to absorb heavy metal ions:Cu2+,Pb2+,Cd2+, and Zn2+. The predominant process of the adsorption is a chemical adsorption. The amount of the adsorption on the outer and internal surface of the adsorbent is 19% and 81% for Cu2+;6% and 94% for Pb2+; 17% and 83% for Zn2+, respectively ; while the adsorption of Cd2+ is controlled only by internal diffusion. For Cd2+ only an outer surface adsorption was observed. The XPS results show that Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ are adsorbed and thus enriched by the novel separation adsorbent. The Cu2+ adsorbed may be then reduced to Cu0.
1993, 10(2): 47-50
Abstract:
The effects of γ-ray irradiation on the structure of the solution-grown polyethylene single crystals were studied by means of the infrared spectroscopy, X-ray wide angle diffraction and small angle scattering as well as differential scanning calorimetry on the mixed crystals of polyethylene and deuterated polyethylene. The results showed that appreciable structural defects and distortions were caused by the γ-ray irradiation in the ordered regions consisting of regularly folded crystalline stems.
The effects of γ-ray irradiation on the structure of the solution-grown polyethylene single crystals were studied by means of the infrared spectroscopy, X-ray wide angle diffraction and small angle scattering as well as differential scanning calorimetry on the mixed crystals of polyethylene and deuterated polyethylene. The results showed that appreciable structural defects and distortions were caused by the γ-ray irradiation in the ordered regions consisting of regularly folded crystalline stems.
1993, 10(2): 51-56
Abstract:
The structures and the catalytic properties of mixed oxides, LiLa1-xMnxO2, have been studied by means of XRD, IR, XPS and SEM. The effects of reaction conditions were examined. The results showed that a series complex oxides could be formed at different X values. The ternary complex oxides La2Mn1-yLiyO4 were found to be the active phase for the oxidative coupling of methane, in which the defect cluster Li+-O--Mn2+ was formed as a result of the substitution of part Li+ for Mn2+ in La2MnO4. That increased the concentration of active oxygen species O- and enhanced its regeneration rate. It was the premiere factor of the complex oxide to possess a higher catalytic activity. The pulse reaction results showed that all the reations:CH4→CH3·2CH3·→C2H6, and C2H6→C2H4 could take place on the catalyst surface, while the CO2 was only formed in the gas phase. A higher C2 yield of 23.9% was obtained at 780℃.
The structures and the catalytic properties of mixed oxides, LiLa1-xMnxO2, have been studied by means of XRD, IR, XPS and SEM. The effects of reaction conditions were examined. The results showed that a series complex oxides could be formed at different X values. The ternary complex oxides La2Mn1-yLiyO4 were found to be the active phase for the oxidative coupling of methane, in which the defect cluster Li+-O--Mn2+ was formed as a result of the substitution of part Li+ for Mn2+ in La2MnO4. That increased the concentration of active oxygen species O- and enhanced its regeneration rate. It was the premiere factor of the complex oxide to possess a higher catalytic activity. The pulse reaction results showed that all the reations:CH4→CH3·2CH3·→C2H6, and C2H6→C2H4 could take place on the catalyst surface, while the CO2 was only formed in the gas phase. A higher C2 yield of 23.9% was obtained at 780℃.
1993, 10(2): 57-59
Abstract:
The cobalt(Ⅱ) and nickel(Ⅱ)complexes of β-diketone type liquid crystal have been synthesized. Their structures were characterized by IR, NMR measurements and elemental analysis. The complexes prepared were all shown to be nernatic phase liquid crystals,as proved by DSC results,polarizing microscopic observation and X-ray diffractiometry.
The cobalt(Ⅱ) and nickel(Ⅱ)complexes of β-diketone type liquid crystal have been synthesized. Their structures were characterized by IR, NMR measurements and elemental analysis. The complexes prepared were all shown to be nernatic phase liquid crystals,as proved by DSC results,polarizing microscopic observation and X-ray diffractiometry.
1993, 10(2): 60-62
Abstract:
Di-iso-propyl fumarate (DiPF)/di-n-heptyl fumarate(DnHF) copolymers were synthesized by means of radical polymerization. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR.The mechanical properties and the gas permeability of the membrane made from copolymers were measured.
Di-iso-propyl fumarate (DiPF)/di-n-heptyl fumarate(DnHF) copolymers were synthesized by means of radical polymerization. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR.The mechanical properties and the gas permeability of the membrane made from copolymers were measured.
1993, 10(2): 63-65
Abstract:
The crystal of the title compound (C10H15O7N2Sb) belongs to the trielinic of space group P1 and cell dimensions:a=0.7144nm,b=1.0110nm, c=1.1034nm, α=74.06°,β=88.79°, γ=74.32° for Z=2. The structure analysis shows that two nitrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms of three acetoxy groups in N-(β-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetate form a coordination compound with the antimony ion,the lone electron pair of which is at the axial position of a distorted tetragonal bipyramid.
The crystal of the title compound (C10H15O7N2Sb) belongs to the trielinic of space group P1 and cell dimensions:a=0.7144nm,b=1.0110nm, c=1.1034nm, α=74.06°,β=88.79°, γ=74.32° for Z=2. The structure analysis shows that two nitrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms of three acetoxy groups in N-(β-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetate form a coordination compound with the antimony ion,the lone electron pair of which is at the axial position of a distorted tetragonal bipyramid.
1993, 10(2): 66-69
Abstract:
The 2-equivalent yellow couplers,Y117 yellow coupler (1) and (2),have been synthesized from trimethylacetylchloride in yield of 68.4% and 54.0% respectively.
The 2-equivalent yellow couplers,Y117 yellow coupler (1) and (2),have been synthesized from trimethylacetylchloride in yield of 68.4% and 54.0% respectively.
1993, 10(2): 70-72
Abstract:
Pure phase LaP3O9:Ce, Tb phosphors have been prepared by precipitation from solution followed by subsequent igniting. They are of cyclic structure and belong to the orthorhombic crystal system with space group C2221. The spectra of LaP3O9:Ce, LaP3O9:Tb and LaP3O9:Ce,Tb have been measured. It was observed that Ce3+ can effectively transfer its energy to Tb3+, greatly enhancing the emission of Tb3+. From the results obtained it can be argued that LaP3O9:Ce,Tb might be a new green-emitting phosphor of high efficientcy.
Pure phase LaP3O9:Ce, Tb phosphors have been prepared by precipitation from solution followed by subsequent igniting. They are of cyclic structure and belong to the orthorhombic crystal system with space group C2221. The spectra of LaP3O9:Ce, LaP3O9:Tb and LaP3O9:Ce,Tb have been measured. It was observed that Ce3+ can effectively transfer its energy to Tb3+, greatly enhancing the emission of Tb3+. From the results obtained it can be argued that LaP3O9:Ce,Tb might be a new green-emitting phosphor of high efficientcy.
1993, 10(2): 73-74
Abstract:
1-Trimethylsiloxy allylphosphonates (3a-f) were synthesized by reacting phosphites (1), α, β-unsaturated aldehydes (2) and trimethylchlorosilane in one pot. The synthesis was carried out under a very mild conditions and was easy to operate. The structures of the phesphonates obtained were confirmed by IR, 1H,31p NMR and MS.
1-Trimethylsiloxy allylphosphonates (3a-f) were synthesized by reacting phosphites (1), α, β-unsaturated aldehydes (2) and trimethylchlorosilane in one pot. The synthesis was carried out under a very mild conditions and was easy to operate. The structures of the phesphonates obtained were confirmed by IR, 1H,31p NMR and MS.
1993, 10(2): 75-77
Abstract:
Carboxyl vinyl terrninated-polypropylene oxide maeromers and telechelie oligorners were synthesized from hydroxyl terminated-polypropylene oxide by end group conversion. From these maeromers or telechelie oligomers and styrene, polypropylene oxide/polystyrene graft and block copolymers were synthesized and the effects of molecular structure on the damping properties of the copolymers were studied.
Carboxyl vinyl terrninated-polypropylene oxide maeromers and telechelie oligorners were synthesized from hydroxyl terminated-polypropylene oxide by end group conversion. From these maeromers or telechelie oligomers and styrene, polypropylene oxide/polystyrene graft and block copolymers were synthesized and the effects of molecular structure on the damping properties of the copolymers were studied.
1993, 10(2): 78-80
Abstract:
The heats of immersion of orthoboric acid in twelve organic bases and the adsorption heats of nine organic bases on γ-alumina were determined. The heat values were correlated with the corresponding enthalpies of boron trifluoride and antimony penta chloride, the well-known homogeneous prototype of Lewis acid. The results show that the heats of immersion of H3BO3 appear to be well correlated with the thermochemical measurements of BF3 and SbCl5(correlation coefficient are 0.98 and 0.97 respectively), but the correlation coefficient for the adsorption heats of γ-Al2O3 and the two homogeneous prototype of Lewis acid are only 0.95 and 0.92 respectively. It is concluded that the reaction of orthoboric acid with the organic bases is an essential Lewis acid-base interaction and the orthoboric acid could be used as a solid prototype of Lewis acid.
The heats of immersion of orthoboric acid in twelve organic bases and the adsorption heats of nine organic bases on γ-alumina were determined. The heat values were correlated with the corresponding enthalpies of boron trifluoride and antimony penta chloride, the well-known homogeneous prototype of Lewis acid. The results show that the heats of immersion of H3BO3 appear to be well correlated with the thermochemical measurements of BF3 and SbCl5(correlation coefficient are 0.98 and 0.97 respectively), but the correlation coefficient for the adsorption heats of γ-Al2O3 and the two homogeneous prototype of Lewis acid are only 0.95 and 0.92 respectively. It is concluded that the reaction of orthoboric acid with the organic bases is an essential Lewis acid-base interaction and the orthoboric acid could be used as a solid prototype of Lewis acid.
1993, 10(2): 81-83
Abstract:
The permeability coefficients of five 6FDA-based polyimide membranes to H2, CO2, O2,N2, and CH4 have been meassured at 0.6MPa and 30℃. Differences in chemical structure were found to lead to a significant change in permeability coefficients and were related to the ideal separation factotes of smaller penetrant molecules against biger ones. For polyimides 6FDA-DABP, 6FDA-ODA, 6FDA-MDA and 6FDA-IPDA, the increase in permeability coefficents was accompanied with the decrease of the ideal separation factors. Having the bulky methyl side groups on the aromatic rings of DMMDA, polyimide 6FDA-DMMDA possesses both high PH2 and high αH2/N2 and αH2/CH4. The favorable permseleetivity, excellent thermal and mechanical durability, and good processability make 6FDADMMDA a promising candidate material for gas separation.
The permeability coefficients of five 6FDA-based polyimide membranes to H2, CO2, O2,N2, and CH4 have been meassured at 0.6MPa and 30℃. Differences in chemical structure were found to lead to a significant change in permeability coefficients and were related to the ideal separation factotes of smaller penetrant molecules against biger ones. For polyimides 6FDA-DABP, 6FDA-ODA, 6FDA-MDA and 6FDA-IPDA, the increase in permeability coefficents was accompanied with the decrease of the ideal separation factors. Having the bulky methyl side groups on the aromatic rings of DMMDA, polyimide 6FDA-DMMDA possesses both high PH2 and high αH2/N2 and αH2/CH4. The favorable permseleetivity, excellent thermal and mechanical durability, and good processability make 6FDADMMDA a promising candidate material for gas separation.
1993, 10(2): 84-86
Abstract:
The stability constant of the Nd3+-pyridoxol complex and thermodynamical functions were determined by the spectra of hypersensitive transition from the oscillator strength as a function of total ligand concentration.
The stability constant of the Nd3+-pyridoxol complex and thermodynamical functions were determined by the spectra of hypersensitive transition from the oscillator strength as a function of total ligand concentration.
1993, 10(2): 87-88
Abstract:
The composition and structure of the title compound are verified by elemental analysis,UVVis and IR spectra. It forms a well-behaved monomolecular layer at the air-water interface. The surface pressure-molecular area isotherms depend on the pre-treatment. The UV-Vis spectra of the LB film indicate that molecular interaction come mainly from the same layer. Polarized UV-Vis spectra show that the porphyrin rings in the LB film are tilted to the film plane.
The composition and structure of the title compound are verified by elemental analysis,UVVis and IR spectra. It forms a well-behaved monomolecular layer at the air-water interface. The surface pressure-molecular area isotherms depend on the pre-treatment. The UV-Vis spectra of the LB film indicate that molecular interaction come mainly from the same layer. Polarized UV-Vis spectra show that the porphyrin rings in the LB film are tilted to the film plane.
1993, 10(2): 89-91
Abstract:
Aerylonitrfle and acrylamide copolyner has been synthesized by radical polymerization using ammonium persuLfate and sodium bisulfite as initiator. The dependences of pervaporation characteristics on the copolymer composition, feed concentration and operating temperature have been studied. In order to improve the separation properties of the copolymeric membranes, the blend membranes of poly(aerylonitrfle-co-aerylamide)(Ⅰ) and poly(aerylonitrile-co-acrylie acid)(Ⅱ) have been made from their DMF solutions. It was found that the separation factor of the blend membrane had a much greater value when the weight fraction of copolymer(Ⅱ) was less than 50%.
Aerylonitrfle and acrylamide copolyner has been synthesized by radical polymerization using ammonium persuLfate and sodium bisulfite as initiator. The dependences of pervaporation characteristics on the copolymer composition, feed concentration and operating temperature have been studied. In order to improve the separation properties of the copolymeric membranes, the blend membranes of poly(aerylonitrfle-co-aerylamide)(Ⅰ) and poly(aerylonitrile-co-acrylie acid)(Ⅱ) have been made from their DMF solutions. It was found that the separation factor of the blend membrane had a much greater value when the weight fraction of copolymer(Ⅱ) was less than 50%.
1993, 10(2): 92-94
Abstract:
Water-soluble copolymers of acrylamide with sodium allylsulfonate were prepared in aqueous solution using ammonium persulfate as initiator. The monomer reactivity ratios (τ1=2.67,τ2=0.31,30.0℃) were calculated by Kelen-Tüdos method and Finoman-Ross method. The experimental results with kaolin suspension showed that the copolymers possess a good flocculatability and resistance to salt and acid.
Water-soluble copolymers of acrylamide with sodium allylsulfonate were prepared in aqueous solution using ammonium persulfate as initiator. The monomer reactivity ratios (τ1=2.67,τ2=0.31,30.0℃) were calculated by Kelen-Tüdos method and Finoman-Ross method. The experimental results with kaolin suspension showed that the copolymers possess a good flocculatability and resistance to salt and acid.
1993, 10(2): 95-96
Abstract:
The blends of polyether-ether ketone with cardo group (PEK-C) with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) were prepared by melt-blending. The miscibility and crystalline properties of PEK-C/PPS blends have been investigated by DSC, WAXD and DMA. PEK-C was found to be immiscible with PPS. The cryrtallization temperatures of blends were 5~10℃ lower than that of the pure PPS. The degree of crystallinity of PPS in the blends increased with the increase of PEK-C content, which does not affect the unit cell parameter of PPS.
The blends of polyether-ether ketone with cardo group (PEK-C) with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) were prepared by melt-blending. The miscibility and crystalline properties of PEK-C/PPS blends have been investigated by DSC, WAXD and DMA. PEK-C was found to be immiscible with PPS. The cryrtallization temperatures of blends were 5~10℃ lower than that of the pure PPS. The degree of crystallinity of PPS in the blends increased with the increase of PEK-C content, which does not affect the unit cell parameter of PPS.
1993, 10(2): 97-98
Abstract:
A platinized glassy carbon electrode (GCE), electropolymerized with 1,2-diaminobenzene and immobilized with glucose oxidase(GODx), is used in the construction of a sensor for the determination of glucose. The platinum coating provides an increased current response to the oxidation of bydrogen peroxide as compared with a bare GCE. The permselectivity of 1,2-diaminobenzene polymer can drastically reduce the effects of electroactive interferents, such as aseorbie acid and uric acid, and prevent high molecular weight species from fouling on the electrode surface. The sensor remains the advantages of conventional GODx electrode such as high response, wide linear range, fast response and has high selectivity and reproducibilty.
A platinized glassy carbon electrode (GCE), electropolymerized with 1,2-diaminobenzene and immobilized with glucose oxidase(GODx), is used in the construction of a sensor for the determination of glucose. The platinum coating provides an increased current response to the oxidation of bydrogen peroxide as compared with a bare GCE. The permselectivity of 1,2-diaminobenzene polymer can drastically reduce the effects of electroactive interferents, such as aseorbie acid and uric acid, and prevent high molecular weight species from fouling on the electrode surface. The sensor remains the advantages of conventional GODx electrode such as high response, wide linear range, fast response and has high selectivity and reproducibilty.
1993, 10(2): 99-101
Abstract:
The pure perovskite-lead titanate powders were prepared by coprecipitation method. The ethanol solution of the Ti(OC4H9)4 and methanol solution of the PbAc2 were mixed at a 1:1 molar ratio of Pb to Ti. Under intensive stiring the mixed solution was added dropwise to the water followed by adding H2O2 solution. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 8.9~9.2. by adding NH4OH. The resulted precipitate was washed with deionized water and then dried at 100℃. The dried material was pestled and calcined at temperature above 550℃ to yield PbTiO3 powders.
The pure perovskite-lead titanate powders were prepared by coprecipitation method. The ethanol solution of the Ti(OC4H9)4 and methanol solution of the PbAc2 were mixed at a 1:1 molar ratio of Pb to Ti. Under intensive stiring the mixed solution was added dropwise to the water followed by adding H2O2 solution. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 8.9~9.2. by adding NH4OH. The resulted precipitate was washed with deionized water and then dried at 100℃. The dried material was pestled and calcined at temperature above 550℃ to yield PbTiO3 powders.
1993, 10(2): 102-103
Abstract:
As a mimetic catalase,meso-tetra(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(Ⅲ) can catalyze the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide. The linear relationship held in the hydrogen peroxide concentration range of 5.0×10-4~5.0×10-3mol/L. The effects of temperature, pH, reproducibility, recovery and interference were given.
As a mimetic catalase,meso-tetra(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(Ⅲ) can catalyze the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide. The linear relationship held in the hydrogen peroxide concentration range of 5.0×10-4~5.0×10-3mol/L. The effects of temperature, pH, reproducibility, recovery and interference were given.
1993, 10(2): 104-106
Abstract:
10, 11-Dihydrofarnesol (3a) and 6,7-dehydrophytol (3b), which are important in perfume and synthesis of vitamin E and K1, were prepared by reacting 6-chloro-3, 7-dimethyl-2, 7-octadi-enylpyrane (1) with isoamylmagnesium bromide and 3,7-dimethyloctylmagnesium bromide, respectively.
10, 11-Dihydrofarnesol (3a) and 6,7-dehydrophytol (3b), which are important in perfume and synthesis of vitamin E and K1, were prepared by reacting 6-chloro-3, 7-dimethyl-2, 7-octadi-enylpyrane (1) with isoamylmagnesium bromide and 3,7-dimethyloctylmagnesium bromide, respectively.
1993, 10(2): 107-108
Abstract:
The heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of citral gives dihydroeitronellal using 5% Pd-C as catalyst. The hydrogenation was carried out in 1% sodium carbonate at 70℃ and under pressure of 3.9MPa.
The heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of citral gives dihydroeitronellal using 5% Pd-C as catalyst. The hydrogenation was carried out in 1% sodium carbonate at 70℃ and under pressure of 3.9MPa.
1993, 10(2): 109-111
Abstract:
SnO2 gas sensors doped with 1wt% Nd2O3 were prepared. Their sensing characteristics were measured for more than ten gases. The results showed that the more fine the SnO2, the higher its sensitivity to acetylene, methanol and city gas. The sensitivity of the doped SnO2 was also found to be proportional to the boiling point of alkanes and alcohols, as well as to the unsaturation of the lower hydrocarbons.
SnO2 gas sensors doped with 1wt% Nd2O3 were prepared. Their sensing characteristics were measured for more than ten gases. The results showed that the more fine the SnO2, the higher its sensitivity to acetylene, methanol and city gas. The sensitivity of the doped SnO2 was also found to be proportional to the boiling point of alkanes and alcohols, as well as to the unsaturation of the lower hydrocarbons.
1993, 10(2): 112-114
Abstract:
The sulfonated styrene-vinyl alcohol block copolymers were synthesized. The effects of the moditfied PVA membranes on the esterification of n-butanol and acetic acid were investigated. The PVA membranes were prepared from PVA, cross-linked with, decanal and Cr(Ⅲ), and heat treated PVA. The composite membrane was prepared by supporting the sulfonated styrene-vinyl alcohol copolymer on the heat-treated PVA membrane and assembled into a single reactor. The modified PVA membranes had the ability to facilitate the esterification reaction and the reactor with assembled membrane showed both the catalytic activity and facility for esterifieation.
The sulfonated styrene-vinyl alcohol block copolymers were synthesized. The effects of the moditfied PVA membranes on the esterification of n-butanol and acetic acid were investigated. The PVA membranes were prepared from PVA, cross-linked with, decanal and Cr(Ⅲ), and heat treated PVA. The composite membrane was prepared by supporting the sulfonated styrene-vinyl alcohol copolymer on the heat-treated PVA membrane and assembled into a single reactor. The modified PVA membranes had the ability to facilitate the esterification reaction and the reactor with assembled membrane showed both the catalytic activity and facility for esterifieation.
1993, 10(2): 115-116
Abstract:
Deformation process and phase transition of the oriented films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) have been investigated by electron microscopy,electron diffraction and FTIR. The films prepared by a melt drawn technique contain highly oriented larnellae, which predominantly consist of a phase. During the course of stretching the fibrillar crystals are formed,accompanied by a α→β phase transition. Increasing deformation temperature is of no advantage to the α→β phase transition.
Deformation process and phase transition of the oriented films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) have been investigated by electron microscopy,electron diffraction and FTIR. The films prepared by a melt drawn technique contain highly oriented larnellae, which predominantly consist of a phase. During the course of stretching the fibrillar crystals are formed,accompanied by a α→β phase transition. Increasing deformation temperature is of no advantage to the α→β phase transition.
1993, 10(2): 117-118
Abstract:
The relationship between gel intensity and polymerization conditions of crosslinked polyacrylamide containing inorganic additives has been studied. It was found that the gel intensity increases with increase of monomer concentration and crosslinking agent. The inorganic additives resulted in the great increase of gel intensity of the resin.
The relationship between gel intensity and polymerization conditions of crosslinked polyacrylamide containing inorganic additives has been studied. It was found that the gel intensity increases with increase of monomer concentration and crosslinking agent. The inorganic additives resulted in the great increase of gel intensity of the resin.
