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1988 Volume 5 Issue 6
1988, 5(6): 1-10
Abstract:
Gustation is an animal sense of feeling the urge of internal metabolism in response to its environmental food messages. It is one of the instincts formed through the selective process in nature for survival struggles. Umami, saltiness and sweetness are signal of food attractart while bitterness, astringency and pungency are those of food repellent. Sourness can be either one contingent upon the time and place of the subject and/or the object. Feature structures of basic tastants are as follows: First of all they must be polarized 2such that they can be attracted by the corresponding receptors of opposite polarity. As these interactions are a chemical phenomenon, Lewis' generalized idea of acid A and base B may be employed to epitomize the structure high lights of different tastant molecules. Sour molecules are acidic ionizable compounds represented as HA and bitter molecules are basic ones often of a covalent nature readily polarizable, assigned here as B. Salty molecules are neutral salts A+ B- of high ionic character and the sweet tastants arc amphoterie compounds with covalent character A-B or AH-B. These formulae stand for the essential sapophoric groups with whicha hydrophobic part C may be attached and may serves as an auxosapophorie moiety. Umami molecules may te regarded as a structural combination of the latter two essences A+B--(C1-9) AH-B to form an entirely new tastant. The structrual chemistry of salty and umami molecules are then especially introduced in this paper.
Gustation is an animal sense of feeling the urge of internal metabolism in response to its environmental food messages. It is one of the instincts formed through the selective process in nature for survival struggles. Umami, saltiness and sweetness are signal of food attractart while bitterness, astringency and pungency are those of food repellent. Sourness can be either one contingent upon the time and place of the subject and/or the object. Feature structures of basic tastants are as follows: First of all they must be polarized 2such that they can be attracted by the corresponding receptors of opposite polarity. As these interactions are a chemical phenomenon, Lewis' generalized idea of acid A and base B may be employed to epitomize the structure high lights of different tastant molecules. Sour molecules are acidic ionizable compounds represented as HA and bitter molecules are basic ones often of a covalent nature readily polarizable, assigned here as B. Salty molecules are neutral salts A+ B- of high ionic character and the sweet tastants arc amphoterie compounds with covalent character A-B or AH-B. These formulae stand for the essential sapophoric groups with whicha hydrophobic part C may be attached and may serves as an auxosapophorie moiety. Umami molecules may te regarded as a structural combination of the latter two essences A+B--(C1-9) AH-B to form an entirely new tastant. The structrual chemistry of salty and umami molecules are then especially introduced in this paper.
1988, 5(6): 11-14
Abstract:
Four novel aminoquinoline derivatives: 8-aminoquinolinc-5-azo-p-phenylchloride, 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-p-pbenylbromide, 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-p-phenyl solfonic acid 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-phenol were synthesized and characterized by IR, TG, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. Their acid disscciation censtants have teen determined. It can bc drawn from the preliminary fluorimetric results that these compounds could be used as a fluorimetric agent for quantitative determination of metal ions as gold(Ⅲ), copper (Ⅱ), chromium(Ⅵ) and palladium(Ⅱ).
Four novel aminoquinoline derivatives: 8-aminoquinolinc-5-azo-p-phenylchloride, 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-p-pbenylbromide, 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-p-phenyl solfonic acid 8-aminoquinoline-5-azo-phenol were synthesized and characterized by IR, TG, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. Their acid disscciation censtants have teen determined. It can bc drawn from the preliminary fluorimetric results that these compounds could be used as a fluorimetric agent for quantitative determination of metal ions as gold(Ⅲ), copper (Ⅱ), chromium(Ⅵ) and palladium(Ⅱ).
1988, 5(6): 15-18
Abstract:
A series of CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn erystals have been grown from phosphoric acid solution by an evaporation mcthod. The structure of crystal was measured. It was found that CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn belongs to monoclinic system, space group P21/c. The lattice parameters have been calculated, EPR data showed that the manganese. ion has a valency of two in CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn. The spectra showed an energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+, and Tb3+ in CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn. The emission peaks of Mn2+ and Tb3+ are overlaped and the peak of Tb3+ is increaced.
A series of CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn erystals have been grown from phosphoric acid solution by an evaporation mcthod. The structure of crystal was measured. It was found that CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn belongs to monoclinic system, space group P21/c. The lattice parameters have been calculated, EPR data showed that the manganese. ion has a valency of two in CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn. The spectra showed an energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+, and Tb3+ in CexTb1-xP5O14: Mn. The emission peaks of Mn2+ and Tb3+ are overlaped and the peak of Tb3+ is increaced.
1988, 5(6): 19-23
Abstract:
The effects, of BF3·OEt2 in nickel catalyst system on the polymerization of butadiene were studied by UV-VIS spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements. It has been preliminarily proved that BF3·OEt2 can react with Ni(naph)2 forming a so called F-B-Ni complex which is disadvantageous to the formation of the activity center for polymerization.
The effects, of BF3·OEt2 in nickel catalyst system on the polymerization of butadiene were studied by UV-VIS spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements. It has been preliminarily proved that BF3·OEt2 can react with Ni(naph)2 forming a so called F-B-Ni complex which is disadvantageous to the formation of the activity center for polymerization.
1988, 5(6): 24-29
Abstract:
A mathematical model for the separation of oveflapping voltammetry-peaks is presented. In this model, the general equation which was derived from the peak-current formulas of various polarographic (or voltammetric) methods, was combined with the revised Gussian function and capacitance-current function as a fitting function of polarographic eurrent peak. By the non-linear least square method using microcomputer, the parameters such as peak-current, peak-potential and width of wave can be accurately obtained individually. The experimental verifications were carried out by differential pulse polarography and alternating current polarography in various systems with the ions of In, Cd, Cu, and Pb. The results obtained by fitting single peak and separation of overlapping peaks showed that the mathematical model is very well suited to the practical polarographic processes, the fitring function based on the presented mathematical model is rational and reliable, and has an excellent precision for the separation of the overlapping voltammetry-peaks.
A mathematical model for the separation of oveflapping voltammetry-peaks is presented. In this model, the general equation which was derived from the peak-current formulas of various polarographic (or voltammetric) methods, was combined with the revised Gussian function and capacitance-current function as a fitting function of polarographic eurrent peak. By the non-linear least square method using microcomputer, the parameters such as peak-current, peak-potential and width of wave can be accurately obtained individually. The experimental verifications were carried out by differential pulse polarography and alternating current polarography in various systems with the ions of In, Cd, Cu, and Pb. The results obtained by fitting single peak and separation of overlapping peaks showed that the mathematical model is very well suited to the practical polarographic processes, the fitring function based on the presented mathematical model is rational and reliable, and has an excellent precision for the separation of the overlapping voltammetry-peaks.
1988, 5(6): 30-34
Abstract:
Crystal of gadolinium trifluoracetate[Gd(CF3COO)3·3H2O]2 prepared at room temperature is monoclinic with space group P21/c. Its lattice parameters: a=9.192 (3), b=18.890(1), c=9.785(3)Å; β=113.84(2). The structure was refined to R=0.0422. The results show that every two Gd2+ ions are linked in pairs through four O-C-O bridges of CF3COO groups, forming a complex molecule. The Gd3+ is eight-coordinated (3H2O and 5 CF3COO). There are two dimers in every cell lattice, viz Z=2. The Gd-O distances range from 2.35. to 2.47Å. Analysis of spectral properties of [Eu0.1Gd0.9(CF3COO)3·3H2O]2 shows that Eu3+(or Gd3+) ions occupy two crystallographic sites, viz C2(or Cs) and C2h.
Crystal of gadolinium trifluoracetate[Gd(CF3COO)3·3H2O]2 prepared at room temperature is monoclinic with space group P21/c. Its lattice parameters: a=9.192 (3), b=18.890(1), c=9.785(3)Å; β=113.84(2). The structure was refined to R=0.0422. The results show that every two Gd2+ ions are linked in pairs through four O-C-O bridges of CF3COO groups, forming a complex molecule. The Gd3+ is eight-coordinated (3H2O and 5 CF3COO). There are two dimers in every cell lattice, viz Z=2. The Gd-O distances range from 2.35. to 2.47Å. Analysis of spectral properties of [Eu0.1Gd0.9(CF3COO)3·3H2O]2 shows that Eu3+(or Gd3+) ions occupy two crystallographic sites, viz C2(or Cs) and C2h.
1988, 5(6): 35-38
Abstract:
The graft copolymerization of aerylonitrile onto Chinese southern pine SGW using KMnO4 as initiator has been carried out to evaluate the effect of lignin on the grafting. It is found that the inhibiting action of lignin might be caused by its phenol structure unit. ln case the phenolic hydroxyls were etherified by propylene oxide the copolymerization was going smoothly: The basic grafting conditions of hydroxypropylated SGW were studied. X-ray analysis showed that the copolymerization took place not only within the amorphous region but in the crystalline region as well, causing a certain degree of decrystallization in cellulose.
The graft copolymerization of aerylonitrile onto Chinese southern pine SGW using KMnO4 as initiator has been carried out to evaluate the effect of lignin on the grafting. It is found that the inhibiting action of lignin might be caused by its phenol structure unit. ln case the phenolic hydroxyls were etherified by propylene oxide the copolymerization was going smoothly: The basic grafting conditions of hydroxypropylated SGW were studied. X-ray analysis showed that the copolymerization took place not only within the amorphous region but in the crystalline region as well, causing a certain degree of decrystallization in cellulose.
1988, 5(6): 39-43
Abstract:
Sequential poly(vinyl acetate)/polyi (methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks (PVAc/PMA-IPNs)were synthesized. By increasing crosslinking density of either component, the two glass transition temperatures corresponding to the individual component were merging into one, due to the increased forced compatibility. The effect of network I (PVAc) appeared more obvious. Comparison between experimental and theoretical values of modulus suggested the existence of a dual phase continuity. TEM photographs showed about 100A domains.
Sequential poly(vinyl acetate)/polyi (methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks (PVAc/PMA-IPNs)were synthesized. By increasing crosslinking density of either component, the two glass transition temperatures corresponding to the individual component were merging into one, due to the increased forced compatibility. The effect of network I (PVAc) appeared more obvious. Comparison between experimental and theoretical values of modulus suggested the existence of a dual phase continuity. TEM photographs showed about 100A domains.
1988, 5(6): 44-48
Abstract:
The effects of bath composition and deposition conditions on the deposition rate and boron content of the deposit from the bath of citrate-ammonia system have been investigated, The optimum bath composition and deposition conditions are as follows: NiSO4·7H2O 40g/1, HB3O3 30g/1, NH4Cl 30g/1, triammonium citrate 20g/1, dimothylaminoborane (DMAB)4g/1, pH9.5-10, 45℃. The deposit has contact resistance atout 0.126Ω, very close to that of Ag deposit.The XPS and AES results showed that the Ni-B deoosit is composed of Ni2B alloy and Ni. Ni(Ⅱ) and B(Ⅲ) were found on the surface of the deposit.
The effects of bath composition and deposition conditions on the deposition rate and boron content of the deposit from the bath of citrate-ammonia system have been investigated, The optimum bath composition and deposition conditions are as follows: NiSO4·7H2O 40g/1, HB3O3 30g/1, NH4Cl 30g/1, triammonium citrate 20g/1, dimothylaminoborane (DMAB)4g/1, pH9.5-10, 45℃. The deposit has contact resistance atout 0.126Ω, very close to that of Ag deposit.The XPS and AES results showed that the Ni-B deoosit is composed of Ni2B alloy and Ni. Ni(Ⅱ) and B(Ⅲ) were found on the surface of the deposit.
1988, 5(6): 49-52
Abstract:
A new open-chain crown ether, N,N'-diethyltriglycodianilide and its complexes with rare earth nitrates have been synthesized. These complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, 1H NMR spectra and molar conductance.
A new open-chain crown ether, N,N'-diethyltriglycodianilide and its complexes with rare earth nitrates have been synthesized. These complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, 1H NMR spectra and molar conductance.
1988, 5(6): 53-56
Abstract:
IR spectra of high cis-rolybutadiene were measured at both room temperature and -150℃. Spectral changes related to the crystallization were observed. The profile change of the 738 cm-1 band was attributed to the change in the molecular chain conformation, especially to the change in the internal totational angle of the single bonds adjacent to the C=C double bonds.
IR spectra of high cis-rolybutadiene were measured at both room temperature and -150℃. Spectral changes related to the crystallization were observed. The profile change of the 738 cm-1 band was attributed to the change in the molecular chain conformation, especially to the change in the internal totational angle of the single bonds adjacent to the C=C double bonds.
1988, 5(6): 57-60
Abstract:
The phase transition and optical properties of copolyfilets of cholesteric ester of hydroxyethyl methylmethacrylate(PMACE) were studied by DSC, optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. An isotropic-mesophase transition and a mesophase-crystal transition were tound in the cooling DSC curve of PMACE. The temperature of transitions increases with dicrease of the content of cholesteric side chain units. Under certain conditions PMACE was found to be turned into liquid crystalline state as observed by crossed polarizers of polarizing microscope and SEM. Solution of PMACE in CHCl3 is optical anisotropic. Its specific rotation value depends on the ratio of methylmethacrylate to cholesteryl group.
The phase transition and optical properties of copolyfilets of cholesteric ester of hydroxyethyl methylmethacrylate(PMACE) were studied by DSC, optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. An isotropic-mesophase transition and a mesophase-crystal transition were tound in the cooling DSC curve of PMACE. The temperature of transitions increases with dicrease of the content of cholesteric side chain units. Under certain conditions PMACE was found to be turned into liquid crystalline state as observed by crossed polarizers of polarizing microscope and SEM. Solution of PMACE in CHCl3 is optical anisotropic. Its specific rotation value depends on the ratio of methylmethacrylate to cholesteryl group.
1988, 5(6): 61-63
Abstract:
In this paper the mechanism of the extraction of mercury acetate by primary amine N1923 is reported. The results show that the extraction mechanism varied with the acidity of water phase. The amine extracts mercury(Ⅰ)acetate by coordination mechanism at high pH value and in the system of conecentrated acetic acid N1923 extracts it by adduct mechanism. The extraction reactions are as follows: RNH2(o)+Hg(CH3COO)2⇋Hg(RNH2)(CH3COO)2(o) (CH3COONHR)2(o)+Hg(CH3COO)2⇋(CH3COONH3R)2·Hg(CH3COO)2(o) The cquilibrium constant and the heat of rcaction(△H) have been calculated. And IR, NMR spectra were applied in studying the bonding characteristic of the extracted compounds.
In this paper the mechanism of the extraction of mercury acetate by primary amine N1923 is reported. The results show that the extraction mechanism varied with the acidity of water phase. The amine extracts mercury(Ⅰ)acetate by coordination mechanism at high pH value and in the system of conecentrated acetic acid N1923 extracts it by adduct mechanism. The extraction reactions are as follows: RNH2(o)+Hg(CH3COO)2⇋Hg(RNH2)(CH3COO)2(o) (CH3COONHR)2(o)+Hg(CH3COO)2⇋(CH3COONH3R)2·Hg(CH3COO)2(o) The cquilibrium constant and the heat of rcaction(△H) have been calculated. And IR, NMR spectra were applied in studying the bonding characteristic of the extracted compounds.
1988, 5(6): 64-66
Abstract:
The polyurethane elastomers from hydroxy-terminated copolymer of butadiene-acrylenitrile(HTBN) were prepared at different curing temperatures. Toluene diisocyanate was used as curing agent and N,N'-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)aniline as chain extender. The results showed that the curing rate depends on the curing temperature and the high the temperature, the fast the rate. The activation energy of reaction was determined as 39 kJ/mol. The crosslinking density of cured elastomer, therefore, the tensile strength and hardness of the elastomer increase with increase of the curing temperature, and its elongation decreases with increasing curing temperature.
The polyurethane elastomers from hydroxy-terminated copolymer of butadiene-acrylenitrile(HTBN) were prepared at different curing temperatures. Toluene diisocyanate was used as curing agent and N,N'-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)aniline as chain extender. The results showed that the curing rate depends on the curing temperature and the high the temperature, the fast the rate. The activation energy of reaction was determined as 39 kJ/mol. The crosslinking density of cured elastomer, therefore, the tensile strength and hardness of the elastomer increase with increase of the curing temperature, and its elongation decreases with increasing curing temperature.
1988, 5(6): 67-69
Abstract:
The influence of addition of a primary amine with a long alkyl branch (Am) on the palladium extraction with 2-hydroxy-4-(1-methylheptoxy)-benzophenone oxime(HL) was studied-in both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. The complex anion of chlorine with palladium is much more easy to associate with amine either at the interface or in the aqueous phase. The substitution reaction of the associate is more liable to be performed by β-hydroxyoxime kinetically than that of the complex anion of chlorine with palladium, The role of primary amine as a catalyst for speeding the substitution reaction involving Pd exiraction by β-hydroxyoxime has been examined and confirmed in this paper.
The influence of addition of a primary amine with a long alkyl branch (Am) on the palladium extraction with 2-hydroxy-4-(1-methylheptoxy)-benzophenone oxime(HL) was studied-in both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. The complex anion of chlorine with palladium is much more easy to associate with amine either at the interface or in the aqueous phase. The substitution reaction of the associate is more liable to be performed by β-hydroxyoxime kinetically than that of the complex anion of chlorine with palladium, The role of primary amine as a catalyst for speeding the substitution reaction involving Pd exiraction by β-hydroxyoxime has been examined and confirmed in this paper.
1988, 5(6): 70-71
Abstract:
This paper describes the PTC Wittig reaction of ω-hydroxyl alkanyl triphenyl phosphoniurn bromide (Ph3P+(CH)2OHBr,n=10,11) and aliphatic aldehydes(n-hexanal,n-pcntanal) with different solvents and bases. The optimum reaction conditions which can give high yield (80%) and good isomer ratio (Z:E=90:10)are reported. The method appeared convcnient for synthesizing insect sex pheromones.
This paper describes the PTC Wittig reaction of ω-hydroxyl alkanyl triphenyl phosphoniurn bromide (Ph3P+(CH)2OHBr,n=10,11) and aliphatic aldehydes(n-hexanal,n-pcntanal) with different solvents and bases. The optimum reaction conditions which can give high yield (80%) and good isomer ratio (Z:E=90:10)are reported. The method appeared convcnient for synthesizing insect sex pheromones.
1988, 5(6): 72-74
Abstract:
Natural mineral montmorillonite was found to be a new kind of fast ionic conductor. Using impedance measurement the conductjvities of Li and Na-montmorillonite with water content of 15% at 25℃ were determined as 1.04×10-3 and 2.76×10-3S·cm-1, activation energy 0.13eV and 0.11eV respectively. By DC polarization technique the electronic conductivity of Li-montmorillonite was measured to be 4×10-10s·cm-1. The ionic conductivities of Li and Na-montmorillonite vary with water content and were 6×10-3 and 8×10-3s·cm-1 respectively at 25℃ with 20% water content.
Natural mineral montmorillonite was found to be a new kind of fast ionic conductor. Using impedance measurement the conductjvities of Li and Na-montmorillonite with water content of 15% at 25℃ were determined as 1.04×10-3 and 2.76×10-3S·cm-1, activation energy 0.13eV and 0.11eV respectively. By DC polarization technique the electronic conductivity of Li-montmorillonite was measured to be 4×10-10s·cm-1. The ionic conductivities of Li and Na-montmorillonite vary with water content and were 6×10-3 and 8×10-3s·cm-1 respectively at 25℃ with 20% water content.
1988, 5(6): 75-78
Abstract:
The adsorption isotherms of tetradecylpyridinium chloride (TPC) from aqueous solutions on the zeolite 5A and the influence of pH, inorganic salts upon the.adsorption of TPC have been studied (at 25℃). The electrophoretic mobilities of zeolite 5A in the same systems have also been measured. The results show that (1) The adsorption of TPC is independent of the pH in the range of 6-11, which is explained by the constant value of electrophoretic mobilities; (2) The Langmuir type isotherms turn into the S type with the increasing concentration of inorganic salts; (3) The surface of the zeolite 5A particle is negatively charged in water. After adding Al3+, the surface charge reverses its sign and the adsorption of TPC decreases markedly.
The adsorption isotherms of tetradecylpyridinium chloride (TPC) from aqueous solutions on the zeolite 5A and the influence of pH, inorganic salts upon the.adsorption of TPC have been studied (at 25℃). The electrophoretic mobilities of zeolite 5A in the same systems have also been measured. The results show that (1) The adsorption of TPC is independent of the pH in the range of 6-11, which is explained by the constant value of electrophoretic mobilities; (2) The Langmuir type isotherms turn into the S type with the increasing concentration of inorganic salts; (3) The surface of the zeolite 5A particle is negatively charged in water. After adding Al3+, the surface charge reverses its sign and the adsorption of TPC decreases markedly.
1988, 5(6): 79-81
Abstract:
The extraction of rare earths (La3+,Nd3+,Sm3+ and Y3+) by α-chloroaliphatic acids (C6, C8, C10, C12) has been studied. The same extraction order was found for all four acids: Sm3+ > Nd3+ > La3+ > Y3+. The extraction curves of α-chloroaliphatic acids shifted to about 1pH Unit lower as compared to the non-substituted one. Therefore hydrolysis and emulsification can be avoided. Y3+ can be separated from other rare earths when pH is low. Both the extraction rower and separation factor (βLa/y) increased with the increase of the number of carbon in α-chloroaliphatic acids.
The extraction of rare earths (La3+,Nd3+,Sm3+ and Y3+) by α-chloroaliphatic acids (C6, C8, C10, C12) has been studied. The same extraction order was found for all four acids: Sm3+ > Nd3+ > La3+ > Y3+. The extraction curves of α-chloroaliphatic acids shifted to about 1pH Unit lower as compared to the non-substituted one. Therefore hydrolysis and emulsification can be avoided. Y3+ can be separated from other rare earths when pH is low. Both the extraction rower and separation factor (βLa/y) increased with the increase of the number of carbon in α-chloroaliphatic acids.
1988, 5(6): 82-85
Abstract:
PABA exhibites a well defined single peak in Osteryoung (modern) square wave polarogram in a supporting electrolyte, solution of 0,5M(C2H5)4NBr, The peak potential is -1.529±0.006V(Ag/AgCI) at 18℃, The results proved that the polarographic peak is a hydrogen catalytic wave, There is a lineare relation between catalytic current and PABA concentration from 2.9×10-5 to 1.2×10-3M, The rate constant of electrode reaction is 9.T×10-4cm/s and the. transfer coefficient is 0.56. A mechanism involving radical formation and proton discharge at a hanging mercury drop electrode has been proposed.
PABA exhibites a well defined single peak in Osteryoung (modern) square wave polarogram in a supporting electrolyte, solution of 0,5M(C2H5)4NBr, The peak potential is -1.529±0.006V(Ag/AgCI) at 18℃, The results proved that the polarographic peak is a hydrogen catalytic wave, There is a lineare relation between catalytic current and PABA concentration from 2.9×10-5 to 1.2×10-3M, The rate constant of electrode reaction is 9.T×10-4cm/s and the. transfer coefficient is 0.56. A mechanism involving radical formation and proton discharge at a hanging mercury drop electrode has been proposed.
1988, 5(6): 86-90
Abstract:
The title complex crystallizes in space group P-1 with a=16.834(6)Å, b=16.988(7)Å, c=10.696(4)Åα=91.99°(3), β=96.68°(3),γ=91.42°(3) and Z=2. The crystal is air and X-ray sensitive. Diffraction data had to be collected at low te-mperature (about -110℃) on four circle diffractometer. Least squares refinement led to a final R=0.074. The structure analysis proved that the complex is polymorphic at different temperature.
The title complex crystallizes in space group P-1 with a=16.834(6)Å, b=16.988(7)Å, c=10.696(4)Åα=91.99°(3), β=96.68°(3),γ=91.42°(3) and Z=2. The crystal is air and X-ray sensitive. Diffraction data had to be collected at low te-mperature (about -110℃) on four circle diffractometer. Least squares refinement led to a final R=0.074. The structure analysis proved that the complex is polymorphic at different temperature.
1988, 5(6): 91-93
Abstract:
The reactions of some compounds containing functional groups, such as amines, amides, imines, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, with dichlorocarbene under ultrasonication are reported. It is found that the reactions of those nitrogen-containing compounds can be promoted effectively by ultrasound, but of those oxygen-containing compounds the results are more complicated.
The reactions of some compounds containing functional groups, such as amines, amides, imines, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, with dichlorocarbene under ultrasonication are reported. It is found that the reactions of those nitrogen-containing compounds can be promoted effectively by ultrasound, but of those oxygen-containing compounds the results are more complicated.
