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1991 Volume 9 Issue 3
1991, 9(3): 189-194
Abstract:
Ionic conductivity values for segmented polyether polyurethaneurea (PEUU) complexes with LiClO4 were determined and values as high as～1.1×10-4 S·cm-1 at 353K and～1.0×10-5S·cm-1 at 306K were achieved. The ionic conductivity data were analyzed using the VTF (Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher) equation and WLF (Williams-Landel-Ferry) type equation. Values have been estimated for the "apparent" activation energies of ion transport from VTF equation and they lie in the range 2.70—5.53 kJ·mol-1.
Ionic conductivity values for segmented polyether polyurethaneurea (PEUU) complexes with LiClO4 were determined and values as high as～1.1×10-4 S·cm-1 at 353K and～1.0×10-5S·cm-1 at 306K were achieved. The ionic conductivity data were analyzed using the VTF (Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher) equation and WLF (Williams-Landel-Ferry) type equation. Values have been estimated for the "apparent" activation energies of ion transport from VTF equation and they lie in the range 2.70—5.53 kJ·mol-1.
1991, 9(3): 195-202
Abstract:
A novel side chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) combining the polysiloxane as main chain with azo-based mesogen moieties as side chain through a flexible spacer has been synthesized by the hydrosilylation reaction using Cp2PtCl2 as catalyst. The phase transition behavior of both side chain monomer (AZO-C6C11)and polymer (P-AZO-C6C11)has been characterized via combination of hot-stage polarized microscope, DSC and X-ray diffraction methods (including temperature-variation and quenching techniques).As normal,the transition process inchuded K→S→N→I.Some pretransition features have been observed.
A novel side chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) combining the polysiloxane as main chain with azo-based mesogen moieties as side chain through a flexible spacer has been synthesized by the hydrosilylation reaction using Cp2PtCl2 as catalyst. The phase transition behavior of both side chain monomer (AZO-C6C11)and polymer (P-AZO-C6C11)has been characterized via combination of hot-stage polarized microscope, DSC and X-ray diffraction methods (including temperature-variation and quenching techniques).As normal,the transition process inchuded K→S→N→I.Some pretransition features have been observed.
1991, 9(3): 203-208
Abstract:
Theoretical results of normal coordinate analysis of polybenzamide performed with two conformational isomerized models, the cis trans and the all-trans conformation, have been adopted to examine a number of infrared spectra of films of the polymer treated in a subsequent annealing process and a cooling process. It shows, in this investigation, that two sets of infrared spectral profiles around 1400 cm-1 and 900 cm-1 behave quite attractively. Their spectral behaviours have been correlated to the conformational defect variation in samples,and reasonably predicted by the normal coordinate calculation.
Theoretical results of normal coordinate analysis of polybenzamide performed with two conformational isomerized models, the cis trans and the all-trans conformation, have been adopted to examine a number of infrared spectra of films of the polymer treated in a subsequent annealing process and a cooling process. It shows, in this investigation, that two sets of infrared spectral profiles around 1400 cm-1 and 900 cm-1 behave quite attractively. Their spectral behaviours have been correlated to the conformational defect variation in samples,and reasonably predicted by the normal coordinate calculation.
1991, 9(3): 209-219
Abstract:
A free standing film of polyaniline as large as 18 cm×18cm×0.002 cm can be obtained by evaporation of a solution of the chemically synthesized base in NMP. Its structure was examined by the elemental analysis, IR, U.V.-visible spectra, XPS, DSC, SEM and X-ray scattering and its conducting behavior as well as electrochemical properties were studied. Results show that the composition, structure of main chain, physical properties of the free standing film of polyanilme is similar to that of the powder. However,some differences in its electronic structure,conductivity at room temperature and potential of redox couple between the free standing film and powder are observed,which may be due to cross-linking of the film of polyaniline.
A free standing film of polyaniline as large as 18 cm×18cm×0.002 cm can be obtained by evaporation of a solution of the chemically synthesized base in NMP. Its structure was examined by the elemental analysis, IR, U.V.-visible spectra, XPS, DSC, SEM and X-ray scattering and its conducting behavior as well as electrochemical properties were studied. Results show that the composition, structure of main chain, physical properties of the free standing film of polyanilme is similar to that of the powder. However,some differences in its electronic structure,conductivity at room temperature and potential of redox couple between the free standing film and powder are observed,which may be due to cross-linking of the film of polyaniline.
1991, 9(3): 220-225
Abstract:
A new kind of monomers was successfully synthesized by the reaction between 2-chloro methyl cycloketal and trimethylsilyl cyanide, followed by ring closure and dehaiogenation. Polymerizations of the monomers were carried out in benzene solution at 80℃ with benzoyl peroxide as initiator. Both the structures of monomers and polymers were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis.
A new kind of monomers was successfully synthesized by the reaction between 2-chloro methyl cycloketal and trimethylsilyl cyanide, followed by ring closure and dehaiogenation. Polymerizations of the monomers were carried out in benzene solution at 80℃ with benzoyl peroxide as initiator. Both the structures of monomers and polymers were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis.
1991, 9(3): 226-231
Abstract:
The effect of isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) on the crystallizing behavior of isotactic polypropylene (IPP) as well as the morphology of the blends in relation with its properties have been studied by DSC, WAXD, polarized light microscope, SEM and mechanical properties test. The experimental results show that IIR has slight influence on melting point, crystallinity, crystallization rate of IPP. It seems certain that IIR has not entered into IPP phase in melt state. IIR has retarding action on the growth of IPP crystal and is an effective nucleating agent of IPP spherulites.The impact strength of the blend increases rapidly with IIR content more than 30 parts;the tensile strength of the blend,however,decreases as IIR content increases.The temperature and time of after heat-treatment also have great influence on the impact strength of the blend.The impact strength of IPP/IIR(100/200) heat-treated at about 130℃ for 2th is 5 times as high as that of the untreated blend.
The effect of isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) on the crystallizing behavior of isotactic polypropylene (IPP) as well as the morphology of the blends in relation with its properties have been studied by DSC, WAXD, polarized light microscope, SEM and mechanical properties test. The experimental results show that IIR has slight influence on melting point, crystallinity, crystallization rate of IPP. It seems certain that IIR has not entered into IPP phase in melt state. IIR has retarding action on the growth of IPP crystal and is an effective nucleating agent of IPP spherulites.The impact strength of the blend increases rapidly with IIR content more than 30 parts;the tensile strength of the blend,however,decreases as IIR content increases.The temperature and time of after heat-treatment also have great influence on the impact strength of the blend.The impact strength of IPP/IIR(100/200) heat-treated at about 130℃ for 2th is 5 times as high as that of the untreated blend.
1991, 9(3): 232-237
Abstract:
Poly (oligoether methacrylate-co-acrylonitrile) s, P (MEOn- AN), with oligoether pendants of different lengths were synthesized and the ion conduction property of their Li-salt complexes was studied as the function of polymer structure. At proper copolymer composition, lithium concentration and pendant length, the ion conductivity reaches 7.0×10-5S/cm at ambient temperature, together with improved mechanical strength. The ion transport in the polymer media is assisted by segmental relaxation, which is confirmed both by the consistency between ion conductivity and Tg and by the study of TSC.
Poly (oligoether methacrylate-co-acrylonitrile) s, P (MEOn- AN), with oligoether pendants of different lengths were synthesized and the ion conduction property of their Li-salt complexes was studied as the function of polymer structure. At proper copolymer composition, lithium concentration and pendant length, the ion conductivity reaches 7.0×10-5S/cm at ambient temperature, together with improved mechanical strength. The ion transport in the polymer media is assisted by segmental relaxation, which is confirmed both by the consistency between ion conductivity and Tg and by the study of TSC.
1991, 9(3): 238-245
Abstract:
Swelling capacity of vinyl chloride (VC) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with 25—40 wt% Cl at temperature 30—57℃ was studied and their relationships were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. A ternary phase diagram for VC-CPE-PVC was also established. In-situ polymerization conditions of CPE-g-VC were proposed and CPE content control was analyzed for the manufacturing process of CPE-g-VC graft product based on results of phase equilibrium study.
Swelling capacity of vinyl chloride (VC) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with 25—40 wt% Cl at temperature 30—57℃ was studied and their relationships were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. A ternary phase diagram for VC-CPE-PVC was also established. In-situ polymerization conditions of CPE-g-VC were proposed and CPE content control was analyzed for the manufacturing process of CPE-g-VC graft product based on results of phase equilibrium study.
1991, 9(3): 246-250
Abstract:
Microphase separation and lamellar structure of segmented polyether-and polyester-polyurethanes have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy with the ruthenium tetroxide staining technique. The results show that the RuO4 staining technique is simpler and may give better image contrast than other staining methods for this polymer. Microphase separation and lamellar structure of segmented polyether-and polyester-polyurethanes were directly observed and discussed.
Microphase separation and lamellar structure of segmented polyether-and polyester-polyurethanes have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy with the ruthenium tetroxide staining technique. The results show that the RuO4 staining technique is simpler and may give better image contrast than other staining methods for this polymer. Microphase separation and lamellar structure of segmented polyether-and polyester-polyurethanes were directly observed and discussed.
1991, 9(3): 251-259
Abstract:
The polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in aqueous nitric acid initiated by metavanadate-containing anion exchange resin (PV)-thiourea (TU) redox system at 20—40℃. has been investigated. The overall rate of polymerization (Rp) is given byRp=1.92×104e-6.860/RT [AN]1.2 [PV]0.44 [TU]1.0[HNO3]1.0The kinetic parameters differed from those of V5+-TU system indicated that the generation of the primary radicals is mainly a difffusion-controlled reaction. The effect of macromolecular field arisen from the polymer matrix exerts a great influence on the polymerization process.
The polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in aqueous nitric acid initiated by metavanadate-containing anion exchange resin (PV)-thiourea (TU) redox system at 20—40℃. has been investigated. The overall rate of polymerization (Rp) is given byRp=1.92×104e-6.860/RT [AN]1.2 [PV]0.44 [TU]1.0[HNO3]1.0The kinetic parameters differed from those of V5+-TU system indicated that the generation of the primary radicals is mainly a difffusion-controlled reaction. The effect of macromolecular field arisen from the polymer matrix exerts a great influence on the polymerization process.
1991, 9(3): 260-265
Abstract:
The present work concerns the crystallization of PET accelerated by addition of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCP)based on two aromatic copolyesters: PHB/PET (60:40 ) and PHB/HDA/2,6-DNA /IPA ( 50:25 : 12.5 : 12.5 ). The investigation has been made by measurements of the cold-crystallization and melt-crystallization temperatures by DSC and of the changes of density and depolarizing light intensity during the isothermal process. In addition, the morphology of selectively etched surface of compressing pellets proved the presence of crystalline fibrillar structure,it can be supposed to have grown up form the micelle nucleus based on bundle of rigid TLCP chains.
The present work concerns the crystallization of PET accelerated by addition of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCP)based on two aromatic copolyesters: PHB/PET (60:40 ) and PHB/HDA/2,6-DNA /IPA ( 50:25 : 12.5 : 12.5 ). The investigation has been made by measurements of the cold-crystallization and melt-crystallization temperatures by DSC and of the changes of density and depolarizing light intensity during the isothermal process. In addition, the morphology of selectively etched surface of compressing pellets proved the presence of crystalline fibrillar structure,it can be supposed to have grown up form the micelle nucleus based on bundle of rigid TLCP chains.
1991, 9(3): 266-272
Abstract:
Soluble, high molecular weight (MW) and ladderlike polyphenylsilsesquioxane (LPPSQ) and its copolymers, ladderlike random and block copolymethyiphenylsilsesquioxanes(LR-PMPSQ and LB-PMPSQ)have been prepared by preamminolysis, hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions. The preparation method can be carried out easily at the temperature below 95℃ with high yield of 95 %, instead of the conventional way by using high-boiling solvent and any reaction activator or by precipitation with methanol. Three kinds of ladderlike polymers have been characterized.The MW's of the polymers reached to 106 without noticeable gelling.The scheme for synthetic route has been proposed.
Soluble, high molecular weight (MW) and ladderlike polyphenylsilsesquioxane (LPPSQ) and its copolymers, ladderlike random and block copolymethyiphenylsilsesquioxanes(LR-PMPSQ and LB-PMPSQ)have been prepared by preamminolysis, hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions. The preparation method can be carried out easily at the temperature below 95℃ with high yield of 95 %, instead of the conventional way by using high-boiling solvent and any reaction activator or by precipitation with methanol. Three kinds of ladderlike polymers have been characterized.The MW's of the polymers reached to 106 without noticeable gelling.The scheme for synthetic route has been proposed.
1991, 9(3): 273-277
Abstract:
The conformation and dimension of SPU polyanion have been studied by viscosity and quasi-elastic light scattering methods. The rigidity of SPU is somewhat similar to CMC and its hydrodynamic radius decreases only slowly with increasing concentration of NaCl.
The conformation and dimension of SPU polyanion have been studied by viscosity and quasi-elastic light scattering methods. The rigidity of SPU is somewhat similar to CMC and its hydrodynamic radius decreases only slowly with increasing concentration of NaCl.
