采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此，本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据，不进行复杂预处理，而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号，进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。

Different solvothermal reactions of ZnC₂O₄ with oxalic acid (H₂ox) and 1, 2, 4-triazole (Htrz) successfully gave a new quaternary (NJTU-Bai83, NJTU-Bai=Nanjing Tech University Bai's group) and a new quinary (NJTU- Bai84) anionic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), where NJTU-Bai83=(Me₂NH₂)₂[Zn₃(trz)₂(ox)₃]·2H₂O and NJTU-Bai84=(Me₂NH₂)[Zn₃(trz)₃(ox)₂]·H₂O, respectively. With the [Zn₂(ox)₄(trz)₂] secondary building unit (SBU) in NJTU- Bai83 replaced by the [Zn₃(ox)₂(trz)₆] and planar [Zn(ox)₂(trz)₂] ones in NJTU-Bai84, 2D supramolecular building layers (SBLs) are changed from the A-layer and B-layer to another A-layer, while pillars are transformed from the tetrahedral [Zn(ox)₂(trz)₂] SBU to the irregular tetrahedral [Zn(ox)₂(trz)₂] and planar [Zn(ox)₂(trz)₂] SBUs. Thus, cdq-topological quaternary NJTU-Bai83 is tuned to (4, 4, 8)-c new topological quinary NJTU-Bai84. Two MOFs were well characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, etc.

针对荧光分子检测普遍灵敏度低和检测范围窄的问题，制备了具有等离子激元共振特性的重掺杂半导体纳米结构Cu_2-xS和典型的稀土掺杂上转换发光纳米颗粒NaYF₄∶Yb，Er，通过三相界面自组装方法获得了Cu_2-xS/NaYF₄∶Yb，Er薄膜基底。结合有限元模拟，计算了不同摆放情况下Cu_2-xS周围的局域电场分布，研究了在实际薄膜中Cu_2-xS纳米盘之间产生的等离激元耦合对上转换发光性能以及对拉曼信号增强的影响。结果表明，Cu_2-xS等离激元层与NaYF₄∶Yb，Er发光层的耦合，不仅得到了上转换3个数量级的提高，还实现了分子检测10^-7 mol·L^-1的检测极限，并且获得了10^-3~10^-7 mol·L^-1的宽线性响应，从而达到高灵敏度的定性和定量双功能的精确检测。

进一步提高锂离子电池的能量密度、循环寿命和安全性对电动汽车的普及至关重要。三元层状正极材料因其高比容量、低温性能良好、成本较低等优势，近年来在动力电池领域备受关注。高镍化和高电压化被认为是提高三元材料能量密度的有效途径。然而，基于传统多晶三元正极的高镍化和高压化可能会显著降低材料的循环稳定性和热安全性，设计单晶三元正极材料被认为可以有效缓解高压多晶三元正极稳定性问题的可行途径。但是，单晶三元正极仍然面临着离子传输动力学受阻、非均匀荷电状态、晶格参数各向异性变化、阳离子混排、化学机械降解等挑战。因此，本文从三元正极材料的本质结构演化角度系统地分析和总结了多晶与单晶结构失效的共性问题。此外，还归纳了单晶高镍三元材料的合成工艺调控、元素掺杂、表界面改性等策略，梳理了结构设计与电化学性能之间的构效关系，并对单晶高镍三元正极材料的未来发展方向进行了展望，能够为高比能三元正极材料的开发提供理论指导。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

三元复合驱采出水(ASP-PW)处理的油水分离问题已经成为了三元复合驱技术推广的技术瓶颈。本文采用超声波强化聚合氯化铝(PAC)协同处理ASP-PW的方法，大大提高了油水分离效果。通过实验研究发现，在超声频率40 kHz、超声时长为60 min时，乳化油滴粒径由349 nm增大到3639 nm，表明了超声对乳化油滴起到了一定的凝聚作用；当超声与PAC协同处理ASP-PW时，在超声时长为60 min、加药量为850 mg∙L⁻¹，并于40 °C恒温水浴中沉降30 min，其除油率高达95.82%，远高于相同条件下单独使用超声的除油率(86.12%)和PAC的除油率(90.87%)，协同作用效果显著。实验内容接地气，是科教融合的重要体现，实验方法遵循绿色可持续发展的理念，实验过程锻炼了学生自主探究能力。该实验从问题调研、方案设计到结果的获取均凸显出团队协作的关键作用，本实验也为ASP-PW的处理提供新的方向。

以物理化学实验中“Pb-Sn二元金属相图”为例，阐述“认知-学习-实践-反思”过程的课程思政设计，将思政元素有机融入课前预习/感知、课中实践/探究和课后反思/拓展三个环节。通过录制教学视频、搭建在线学习平台、完善评价反馈机制、拓展交流创新空间，开展线上线下混合式教学实践，完成“知识传授-能力培养-价值塑造”的教学目标，学生坚定文化自信、厚植家国情怀、提升科学素养、增强合作和创新意识，实现全方面育人。

开发用于水氧化反应的聚合物薄膜光阳极引起了学术界的关注，其中碳化氮类半导体材料因其卓越的性能而尤为瞩目。本研究聚焦于一种高结晶度的氮化碳材料制备与调控，即聚七嗪亚胺薄膜光阳极，发展了二元熔盐体系用于开展聚七嗪亚胺薄膜光阳极的制备及其水氧化性能研究。优化后的电极能够在相对于可逆氢电极的1.23 V的偏置电压下，在模拟太阳光照射下，其最佳光电流密度达到了365 μA·cm⁻²，约为无定形PCN光阳极的18倍。双熔岩体系中，NH₄SCN保证了SnS₂种子层的生长，而K₂CO₃增强了氮化碳薄膜的结晶性。原位电化学分析表明，这种盐的组合提高了光激发电荷转移效率，并将SnS₂层的厚度限制在一定范围内，使得电极电阻较小。这项研究阐明了盐在合成聚七嗪亚胺光阳极中的作用，并为设计基于高结晶碳化氮的功能性薄膜提供了研究基础。