Iron (Fe) nanoparticles and graphite (Gr) with different masses of bismuth trisulfide (Bi₂S₃) were mixed by high-energy ball milling treatment to fabricate the corresponding composite iron anodes Bi₂S₃@Fe-Gr. The hydrogen evolution reaction and iron passivation process on these iron electrodes were investigated in alkaline and neutral solutions. The iron electrode Bi₂S₃-3@Fe-Gr (The additional amount of Bi₂S₃ was 3 mg) revealed the strongest ability to inhibit hydrogen evolution among the iron electrodes of the present investigation, while the Bi₂S₃-6@Fe-Gr electrode (The additional amount of Bi₂S₃ was 6 mg) delivered significant performance in inhibiting anodic passivation. This is because the high-energy ball milling process leads to the well-dispersion of Bi₂S₃ and the changes in the surface of Fe nanoparticles, thereby slowing down the passivation of the iron electrode surface.

含氟钙钛矿及其衍生物因其优异的物理和化学性质在新能源、光电器件、催化及磁性材料等领域获得了广泛关注。这类材料的合成方法是该研究领域的核心之一。合成路径的选择和优化直接影响材料的结构、性能、形貌以及在实际应用中的表现。目前, 含氟钙钛矿及其衍生物的合成方法主要包括传统的固相合成法、沉淀法、水热/溶剂热法、以及新兴的软化学合成法、沉积法等, 然而这些合成方法还没有系统的概述。因此, 本文综述了该系列化合物的合成方法, 总结了目前面临的挑战并对未来发展方向进行了展望, 期望以此推动该领域更深入、广泛的研究。