基于航空航天专业育人特色，打通无机化学原理和无机元素课程建设的知识体系融合通道，利用STEM教学理念打造内涵式新质无机化学教学体系，解决目前存在的无机化学教学难点和痛点，提高课程的两性一度，为新时代化学人才的培养提供课程支撑。

Graphitic carbon nitride (CN)-based materials were synthesized using melamine, urea, guanidine carbonate, and thiourea as precursors via pyrolysis. The synthesized materials underwent comprehensive characterization employing techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption test. These materials were evaluated for their performance as cathodes with platinum sheet electrodes as anodes in the selective electrocatalytic reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) in an acid solution. During the reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ), Sn(Ⅱ) can also be reduced to Sn due to the similar reduction potentials of Sn(Ⅱ) and Sn(Ⅳ). The deposition of Sn on the cathode diminishes the electrode conductivity efficiency. Therefore, the electrode material must fulfill the dual requirements of reducing Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ) while preventing the reduction of Sn(Ⅱ) to Sn. In comparison to conventional cathode materials such as copper plates, graphite plates, ruthenium iridium titanium plates, and platinum plates, the CN demonstrated superior performance in the selective electrocatalytic reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) in an acidic solution. In addition, CN exhibited a lower potential in a dual-electrode electrolytic cell and maintained stability under acidic conditions, enabling the selective reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ).

MoS₂/CuS composite catalysts were successfully synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method with sodium molybdate dihydrate, thiourea, oxalic acid, and copper nitrate trihydrate as raw materials. The hydrogen production performance of MoS₂/CuS prepared with different molar ratios of Mo to Cu precursors (n_Mo∶n_Cu) as cathodic catalysts was investigated in the two-chamber microbial electrolytic cell (MEC). X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), linear scanning voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to characterize the synthesized catalysts for testing and analyzing the hydrogen-producing performance. The results showed that the hydrogen evolution performance of MoS₂/CuS-20% (n_Mo∶n_Cu=5∶1) was better than that of platinum (Pt) mesh, and the hydrogen production rate of MoS₂/CuS-20% as a cathode in MEC was (0.203 1±0.023 7) m_H2³·m^-3·d^-1 for 72 h at an applied voltage of 0.8 V, which was slightly higher than that of Pt mesh of (0.188 6±0.013 4) m_H2³·m^-3·d^-1. The addition of a certain amount of CuS not only regulates the electron transfer ability of MoS₂ but also increases the density of active sites.

半导体量子点是一种由II–VI族(CdSe, CdTe, CdS, ZnTe, ZnO)、III–V族(InAs, GaSb, InP)和IV族(Si, Ge)元素组成的纳米颗粒。目前研究较多的主要是II–VI族的CdS、CdSe、CdTe等半导体量子点，它们具有窄带隙而表现出优异的荧光特性，这些特性是与其本征的量子尺寸效应密切相关的。本实验采用简便的水相回流法，以巯基乙酸作为保护剂，NaHTe为Te前体，在3 h的回流反应中制备出多种颜色的CdTe半导体量子点，并针对实验中出现的NaHTe转移液体过程中易被氧化的问题作出了改进，对产物的荧光性能进行了测定，最终得到了一系列量子产率达到48%的CdTe量子点。实验具有工艺简便、试剂消耗少、荧光变化明显的优点，对实验难点的改进使其具有良好的操作性与可重复性，适合拓展为本科生无机化学、仪器分析实验以及专业综合实验。

对大学有机化学教材中“环状构型有机化合物的命名规则”进行教学设计时，发现具有构型且相同基团的环状异构体可以采用顺反异构体命名规则；不具有相同基团对映异构体可以使用(R/S)规则命名。然而，对于既不含手性中心又无相同基团的此类化合物，当前教材中存在命名规则的空白。本文通过文献调研，提出针对该类化合物的系统命名法则，可填补该类有机物命名规则在有机化学相关教材中的空白；也可在在大数据时代背景下，有效利用网络和文献资源来提升学生的信息素养。

锂金属电池的循环稳定性和倍率能力受制于多个因素，如阳极/阴极电解液界面的品质和电解液溶剂化特性。在该工作中，我们提出了阴离子受体电解液添加剂策略，通过六氟苯添加剂对Li⁺溶剂化结构进行调控，实现了PF₆⁻的稳定性并提高了电解液的导电性，优化了阳极/阴极电解液界面中间相的组分/结构特征，有效抑制了锂枝晶的生长和提升了阴极表面的Li⁺传输，Li||Li对称电池在1 mA∙cm⁻²的电流密度下实现超过400 h的稳定循环，并且Li||NCM811电池在200 mA∙g⁻¹的电流密度下经过100次循环后的容量保持率达到75%。

提高电池的截止电压上限可以显著提升锂电池的能量密度。然而，高截止电压也会导致正极材料在高压下发生不可逆相变和副反应，从而损害电池性能。为了解决这一问题，建立一个稳定的正极电解质界面(CEI)在提高电池性能方面起到了关键作用。本文探讨了CEI的形成机制，并概述了构建CEI的方法，包括人工构建CEI和原位生成CEI。此外，从电解质的角度出发，我们还展望了构建高压正极CEI的设计思路。