概念图作为组织和表征知识的工具，因能促进有意义的学习，减少无关认知负荷，成为科学课程教学的有效策略，尤其对语言能力不够的学生特别有益。为帮助学生在全英语课程学习中获得成功，本研究将概念图策略运用在基础化学全英语课程教学中，围绕概念图作业的实施，对学生的学业成绩、概念图的评估和学生对实施概念图作业的看法进行统计分析，考察在基础化学全英语课程中使用概念图作业的有效性。

Cs_xWO₃/TiO₂ composites with full‐spectrum catalytic activity were prepared by solvothermal reaction. The composites were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), specific surface area testing, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV‐Vis DRS). Cs_xWO₃ and TiO₂ were uniformly bonded together in the composites. The heterojunction structure was formed. The band gap was reduced from 2.75 to 2.65 eV. The photocatalytic property of Cs_xWO₃/TiO₂ was demonstrated by the degradation rates of 20 mg·L^-1 methylene blue dye, which were 99.7%, 91.4%, and 70.7% under irradiation from a 300 W high‐pressure mercury lamp, a 500 W xenon lamp, and a 400 W infrared lamp, respectively. After five cycles of photocatalytic degradation, the composite photocatalyst still showed a degradation efficiency of 87.6%. This indicates that Cs_xWO₃/TiO₂ has good photocatalytic degradability and cyclic stability. The photocatalytic mechanism of Cs_xWO₃/TiO₂ was investigated. The trapping experiments of the active species showed that the main active substances were the empty hole (h⁺) and hydroxyl radical (·OH).

采用原位溶剂热反应制备多级Ag/Bi/Nv-g-C₃N₄(氮空位-g-C₃N₄)/Ti₃C₂T_x肖特基结，并对其物相组成和晶体结构、微观形貌和孔结构、表面元素组成和化学态、光学和光电化学性质进行了表征。由于Ag、Bi和Ti₃C₂T_x协同的表面等离激元共振效应，Ag/Bi/Nv-g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂T_x表现出全光谱吸收特性。由载流子浓度差驱动的界面极化电荷转移诱导形成的肖特基结，显著提高了光生载流子(包括热电子和热空穴)的分离效率和利用率。因此，与Nv-g-C₃N₄、Ti₃C₂T_x、Ag/Nv-g-C₃N₄、Bi/Nv-g-C₃N₄和Ag/Bi/Nv-g-C₃N₄相比，Ag/Bi/Nv-g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂T_x表现出显著增强的全光谱催化活性，其在可见光和近红外光照射下光催化降解四环素的反应速率常数分别为0.033和0.008 6 min^-1，为对比样品的10~2.1倍和8.6~1.8倍。

通过调节前驱体溶液的pH值，采用简便的微波水热法制备了不同形貌的BiVO₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺-X（标记为BYE-X，X为pH值），以四环素作为污染物模型测试了BYE-X的全光谱光催化活性。实验结果表明，当pH值为3−8时，BYE为纯的单斜相BiVO₄；当pH值为10−12时，所制备的样品为Bi₂O(OH)(VO₄)、Bi₂O₃和BiVO₄的混合相。并且，随着pH值升高，BYE的形貌特征发生显著变化。不同pH值下合成的样品均具有明显的上转换发光，通过Er³⁺和Yb³⁺的上转换效应实现了对近红外光的利用，有效拓展了光响应范围；在可见光或近红外光照射下，BYE-5具有最佳的光降解活性。最后基于实验结果提出了全光谱光催化机制。该工作为提高半导体催化剂的太阳光利用率，实现高效全光谱催化活性提供了一种可行的思路。