English

Poly(propylene carbonate)-based Polymer Electrolyte with an Organic Cathode for Stable All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries

• Fei Huifang ^1,2, ,
• Liu Yongpeng ^1, ,
• Wei Chuanliang ^1, ,
• Zhang Yuchan ^1, ,
• Feng Jinkui ^{1, ,} ,
• Chen Chuanzhong ^{1,2, ,} ,
• Yu Huijun ^{2,3, ,}

• 1.

  SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid Solid Structural, Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China

• 2.

  Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong Province, P. R. China

• 3.

  Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China

Corresponding author: Feng Jinkui, jinkui@sdu.edu.cn Chen Chuanzhong, czchen@sdu.edu.cn Yu Huijun, yhj2001@sdu.edu.cn

• Received Date: 02 May 2019
  Accepted Date: 24 June 2019
  Revised Date: 06 June 2019
  Available Online: 15 May 2020
• Fund Project:

  The project was supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR2017MB001), the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University, China (2016WLJH03), the Project of the Taishan Scholar, China (tsqn201812002, ts201511004) and the Guangdong Special Funds for Public Welfare Research and Capacity Building, China (2017A020211022, 2017A010102001)

Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising candidates to replace lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the emergent requirements of various commercial applications. SIBs and LIBs are similar in many aspects, including their reduction potentials, approximate energy densities, and ionic semidiameters. Analogously, safety issues, including liquid leakage, high flammability, and explosiveness limit the usage of SIBs. All-solid-state batteries have the potential to solve the aforementioned problems. However, polycarbonates as promising solid electrolytes have been rarely exploited in all-solid-state SIBs. In addition, organic electrode materials, including non-conjugated redox polymers, carbonyl compounds, organosulfur compounds, and layered compounds, have been intensively investigated as part of various energy storage systems owing to their low cost, environmental friendliness, high energy density, and structural diversity. Nevertheless, the dissolution of small organic compounds in organic-liquid electrolytes has hindered its further applications. Fortunately, the utilization of solid polymer electrolytes combined with organic electrode materials is a promising method to prevent dissolution into the electrolyte and improve the cycling performance of SIBs. Thus, we proposed the utilization of a poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)-based solid polymer electrolyte and cellulose nonwoven with a 3, 4, 9, 10-perylene-tetracarboxylicacid-dianhydride (PTCDA) cathode in an all-solid-state sodium battery (ASSS). The solid electrolyte significantly enhanced the safety of the SIB and was successfully synthesized via a facile method. The morphology of the as-prepared solid electrolyte was examined by electron scanning microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the electrochemical performances of the PTCDA/Na battery with organic-liquid and solid electrolytes at room temperature were compared. The SEM results demonstrated that the solid polymer electrolyte and sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) were evenly distributed inside the pores of the nonwoven cellulose. The ionic conductivity of the composite solid polymer electrolyte (CSPE) at room temperature was 3.01 × 10^-5 S·cm^-1, suggesting that the CSPE was a promising candidate for commercial applications. In addition, the ASSS showed significantly improved cycling performance at a current density of 50 mAh·g^-1 with a high capacity retention of 99.1%, whereas the discharge capacity of the liquid PTCDA/Na battery was only 24.6mAh·g^-1 after 50 cycles. This indicated that the cycling performance of the PTCDA cathode in the SIB was largely improved by preventing the dissolution of the PTCDA cathode material in the electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results demonstrated that the CSPE was compatible with the organic cathode electrode.

Key words:
• All-solid-state battery
•  /  Poly(propylene carbonate)
•  /  3, 4, 9, 10-perylene-tetracarboxylicacid-dianhydride
•  /  Organic cathode
•  /  High safety

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