不同生物炭材料的制备及其在Li-S电池中的应用

引用本文: 李君涛, 吴娇红, 张涛, 黄令. 不同生物炭材料的制备及其在Li-S电池中的应用[J]. 物理化学学报, 2017, 33(5): 968-975. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201702093 shu

Citation: LI Jun-Tao, WU Jiao-Hong, ZHANG Tao, HUANG Ling. Preparation of Biochar from Different Biomasses and Their Application in the Li-S Battery[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2017, 33(5): 968-975. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201702093 shu

不同生物炭材料的制备及其在Li-S电池中的应用

李君涛 ^1, ,
吴娇红 ^1, ,
张涛 ^1, ,
黄令 ^2,

1.
厦门大学能源学院, 福建厦门 361005;
2.
厦门大学化学化工学院, 福建厦门 361005
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金（21373008）和中央高校基本科研业务费（20720160124）资助项目

摘要: 通过可再生生物质制备的生物炭具有成本低、环保和资源可再生的优势。本研究以分布广泛的稻谷壳、芒草、杉木和柚子皮等生物质为原料，制备了4 种不同类型生物炭，然后研究了其作为锂-硫电池硫/碳正极的载体的性能。研究表明由稻谷壳制备的硫/生物炭正极材料表现出最高的比容量和最优的循环稳定性。为了进一步改善其电性能，以SiO₂溶胶为模板制备了具有高孔隙率的稻谷壳生物炭，其多孔结构可有效抑制多硫化物的溶解。由此得到的硫/生物炭（硫含量为60%（w，质量分数））材料中的硫以无定型态均匀地分散在碳载体中。该材料表现出更优异的电化学性能：在0.2C（1C = 1675 mA·g^-1）倍率下，首周放电容量为1534.1 mAh·g^-1，循环100周后仍可保持在783.7 mAh·g^-1；倍率性能测试中，在2.0C倍率下，材料的可逆容量为485.3 mAh·g^-1。

关键词:

锂硫电池
/ 复合物
/ 稻壳
/ 芒草
/ 杉木
/ 柚子皮

English

Preparation of Biochar from Different Biomasses and Their Application in the Li-S Battery

1.
College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, P. R. China;
2.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, P. R. China
Received Date: 28 December 2016
Revised Date: 03 February 2017
Available Online: 09 February 2017
Fund Project:
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21373008) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (20720160124).

Abstract: Biochar derived from reproducible massive biomasses presents the advantages of low cost and renewable resources. In this work aiming to solve the existing problems of the lithium-sulfur battery, sulfur@biochar (S@biochar) composite cathode materials with high capacity and good cycle performance were developed. Specifically, four kinds of biochar prepared from rice husk, miscanthus, fir, and pomelo peel were used as host matrices for the Li-S battery. Among them, the S@biochar derived from rice husk delivered the highest specific capacity and the best cycle stability according to electrochemical tests. To further optimize its performance, we prepared a highly porous rice husk derived biochar (HPRH-biochar) using silica gel as the template. The S@HPRH-biochar composite (60% (w, mass fraction) S) enables the homogeneous dispersion of amorphous sulfur in the carbon matrix and its porous structure could effectively suppress the dissolution of the polysulfide. As a result, its electrochemical performance improved, achieving a high initial charge capacity of 1534.1 mAh·g^-1 and maintaining a high capacity of 738.7 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2C (1C corresponds to a current density of 1675 mA·g^-1). It also gives a capacity of 485.3 mAh·g^-1 at 2.0C in the rate capacity test.

Key words:

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

不同生物炭材料的制备及其在Li-S电池中的应用

English

Preparation of Biochar from Different Biomasses and Their Application in the Li-S Battery

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

不同生物炭材料的制备及其在Li-S电池中的应用

English

Preparation of Biochar from Different Biomasses and Their Application in the Li-S Battery

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

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CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

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