沸点升高法测化合物相对分子量实验的改进

引用本文: 熊辉, 吴贝娜, 范子鑫, 郑子豪, 静恩哲, 莫婉玲, 龚跃法. 沸点升高法测化合物相对分子量实验的改进[J]. 大学化学, 2023, 38(1): 169-173. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202201025 shu

Citation: Hui Xiong, Beina Wu, Zixin Fan, Zihao Zheng, Enzhe Jing, Wanling Mo, Yuefa Gong. Improvement in the Measurement Method for the Relative Molecular Weight of Compounds Based on Boiling Point Elevation[J]. University Chemistry, 2023, 38(1): 169-173. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202201025 shu

沸点升高法测化合物相对分子量实验的改进

华中科技大学化学与化工学院, 武汉 430074

通讯作者: 熊辉, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

基金项目:
华中科技大学教学研究项目(2019028)；湖北高校省级教学研究项目(2018078)

摘要: 物理化学手段测化合物分子量是基础化学实验中的经典实验方法，也是本科生化学实验中重要的一项训练。现有的测量方法存在实验体系不环保、实验误差大、操作步骤难以控制且实验时间长等缺陷。基于实验的绿色化理念以及“两性一度”的教学要求，对现有沸点升高法测分子量的实验方法进行探索：以异丙醇代替环己烷(丙酮)作为溶剂、苯甲酸代替萘作为溶质，采用水浴与电热棒双重加热的方式，配置数字千分温度计提高测量精度。改进后实验试剂绿色环保、设备操作简单、装置抗干扰能力强、方法重现性好且测量误差减小。立足基础，落实高阶，重视挑战，加强了学生对稀溶液依数性的理解，培养了他们实践创新的思维。

关键词:

English

Improvement in the Measurement Method for the Relative Molecular Weight of Compounds Based on Boiling Point Elevation

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Corresponding author: Hui Xiong, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

Received Date: 16 January 2022

Abstract: The physicochemical method is a classic experimental method in basic chemistry and also an important component of experimental training in undergraduate chemistry courses. However, existing measurement methods exhibit some drawbacks in terms of a lack of environmental protection of the experimental system, introduction of experimental errors, difficulty with controlling the operation steps, and a long experimental time. Based on green chemistry experiments and advanced, innovative, and challenging teaching requirements, the existing boiling point elevation method for measuring the molecular weight of compounds was explored. In the experiment, isopropanol instead of cyclohexane (acetone) was used as the solvent, benzoic acid instead of naphthalene was used as the solute, a water bath and electric heating rod were used for double heating, and a digital micrometer thermometer was affixed to the apparatus to improve the measurement accuracy. With these experimental improvements, the reagent was green, equipment was easy to operate, anti-interference ability of the device was strong, experimental reproducibility was good, and measurement error was reduced. Based on the foundation, the implementation of high-level, attach importance to challenges, the students’ understanding of the number dependence of dilute solution is strengthened, and their practical and innovative thinking is cultivated.

Key words:

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

沸点升高法测化合物相对分子量实验的改进

通讯作者: 熊辉, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

English

Improvement in the Measurement Method for the Relative Molecular Weight of Compounds Based on Boiling Point Elevation

Corresponding author: Hui Xiong, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

沸点升高法测化合物相对分子量实验的改进

通讯作者: 熊辉, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

English

Improvement in the Measurement Method for the Relative Molecular Weight of Compounds Based on Boiling Point Elevation

Corresponding author: Hui Xiong, xionghui@mail.hust.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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