双电极法现场快速检测地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根和碳酸根

引用本文: 战楠, 黄毅, 饶竹, 赵学亮. 双电极法现场快速检测地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根和碳酸根[J]. 分析化学, 2016, 44(3): 355-360. doi: 10.11895/j.issn.0253-3820.150866 shu

Citation: ZHAN Nan, HUANG Yi, RAO Zhu, ZHAO Xue-Liang. Fast Detection of Carbonate and Bicarbonate in Groundwater and Lake Water by Coupled Ion Selective Electrodes[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2016, 44(3): 355-360. doi: 10.11895/j.issn.0253-3820.150866 shu

双电极法现场快速检测地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根和碳酸根

战楠 ^1, ,
黄毅 ^1, ,
饶竹 ^{1,
,} ,
赵学亮 ^2,

1.
¹ 国家地质实验测试中心, 北京 100037;
2.
² 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心, 保定 071051

通讯作者: 饶竹

基金项目:
本文系国土资源公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201411083-3) (No.201411083-3)

中国地质调查项目(No.1212011120283) (No.1212011120283)

中国地质调查项目(No.1212010816028)资助 (No.1212010816028)

摘要: 地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根(HCO₃^-)和碳酸根(CO₃^2-)含量是地球化学碳行为和碳循环的重要表征,但两种离子的浓度易受环境影响而改变,因此,地下水和湖水中HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-真实含量的测定一直是个难题。实验利用CO₂的水解平衡,通过pH电极和二氧化碳电极联用,建立了HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-现场快速测定的新方法,解决了地下水和湖水中HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-真实含量的测定难题。研究结果表明,在pH=4.8 ± 0.1的底液中,HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-的线性范围分别为0.027~570 mg/L和1.25 ×10^-8~39.7 mg/L。共存的金属离子、强酸阴离子(K⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺、 Cl^-、SO₄^2-,100 mg/L)、弱酸阴离子和弱酸(HSO₃^-、NO₂^-、HOAc,50 mg/L)对测定干扰小于5%。实际水样加标实验回收率在95.2% ~99.2%之间,相对标准偏差为2.6%~3.7%。与酸碱滴定法进行对比,本方法的准确性良好。但方法受温度影响,因此标准溶液与样品应在同一温度下测量。总体而言,双电极法灵敏、快速、经济且电极携带方便、操作简单、对环境要求不高,十分适合现场和室内一般自然水体的快速检测。本方法已成功应用于青海省地下水和青海湖湖水中HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-的现场测定。实验表明,海东地区地下水样品pH在6.4~7.4之间,HCO₃^-含量为234~4096 mg/L,CO₃^2-含量为0.16~1.89 mg/L;青海湖湖水样品pH≈8.7,HCO₃^-含量范围在1.36~1.86 g/L,CO₃^2-含量在32.3~43.9 mg/L,与文献结果吻合。

关键词:

English

Fast Detection of Carbonate and Bicarbonate in Groundwater and Lake Water by Coupled Ion Selective Electrodes

ZHAN Nan ^1, ,
HUANG Yi ^1, ,
RAO Zhu ^{1,
,} ,
ZHAO Xue-Liang ^2,

1.
¹ National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China;
2.
² Centre for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Baoding 071051, China

Corresponding author: 饶竹

Received Date: 30 October 2015
Fund Project:
本文系国土资源公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201411083-3)

中国地质调查项目(No.1212011120283)

中国地质调查项目(No.1212010816028)资助

Abstract: The content of bicarbonate (HCO₃^-) and carbonate (CO₃^2-) ions in groundwater and lake water reflects a broad set of carbon cycling reactions associated with decomposition or synthesis of organic compounds with mineral dissolution or precipitation, which indicates the local geochemical environment. However, the content of HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- changes easily under the influence of pH, temperature, atmosphere pressure in the process of sampling, transportation and storage, so it has been a worldwide problem to determine the real content of HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- ions in groundwater and lake water. This article proposed a new way to solve the problem by fast field detection of HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- ions through the use of pH electrode combined with carbon dioxide electrode. Studies showed in the base solution of pH=4.8 ± 0.1, the detection range of HCO₃^- ion was 0.027-570 mg/L and that of CO₃^2- was 1.25×10^-8-39.7 mg/L. In the most case, the coexisting ions and weak acid (K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, SO₄^2-<100 mg/L; HSO₃^-, NO₂^-, HOAc<50 mg/L) did not interfere with the analysis. The method was validated for real water samples and the recoveries were in the range of 95.2%-99.2% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.6%-3.7%. Compared with the acid-base titration method, the accuracy of this method had proved to be good. However, the method could be affected by temperature, so the standard solution and samples should be measured at the same temperature. Above all, this method is suitable for fast field analysis for HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- ions in the nature water as it is sensitive, fast, economical, and the electrodes are easy to carry and operate. It has been successfully applied in the determination of HCO₃^- and CO₃^2- in groundwater and lake water in Qinghai Province. Experiment showed that the pH of the groundwater samples from Haidong district was 6.4-7.4, with 234-4096 mg/L HCO₃^- and 0.16-1.89 mg/L CO₃^2-. The pH of the lake water samples was about 8.7, with 1.36-1.86 g/L HCO₃^- and 32.3-43.9 mg/L CO₃^2-, which was consistent with the previous results.

Key words:

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1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

双电极法现场快速检测地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根和碳酸根

通讯作者: 饶竹

English

Fast Detection of Carbonate and Bicarbonate in Groundwater and Lake Water by Coupled Ion Selective Electrodes

Corresponding author: 饶竹

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

双电极法现场快速检测地下水和湖水中碳酸氢根和碳酸根

通讯作者: 饶竹

English

Fast Detection of Carbonate and Bicarbonate in Groundwater and Lake Water by Coupled Ion Selective Electrodes

Corresponding author: 饶竹

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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